Temporal dispersion in vasculitic neuropathy: its microscopic ultrastructural findings

　症例は35歳男性．32歳のときに右腓腹神経・足底神経支配領域の異常感覚で発症し，その後，左腓腹神経・足底神経領域，両側尺骨神経領域に感覚障害が拡大した．神経伝導検査では，左脛骨神経複合筋活電位において，時間的分散の所見が認められた．腓腹神経生検では，神経上膜にフィブリノイド壊死を伴う壊死性血管炎を認めた．エポン包埋トルイジン青染色では、有髄神経線維の脱落が著明であり，髄鞘の薄い再生軸索が認められた．電子顕微鏡による観察では，脱髄は認められず，軸索の再生が認められたが，髄鞘再生に乏しい thin myelin が特徴的であった．神経伝導検査で，伝導ブロックや時間的分散といった脱髄を疑う所見を呈する血管炎性ニューロパチーについて24例の報告があるが，これまで電子顕微鏡による観察はされていない．血管炎性ニューロパチーによって惹起される時間的分散の出現機序について，微細構造所見を基に考察する．　A previously healthy 35-year-old man developed abnormal sensation in the right sural and medial plantar nerve territory 2 years ago. The sensory impairment gradually spread to the left sural and medial plantar nerve regions, then bilateral ulnar nerve regions. Nerve conduction study showed temporal dispersion in the left tibial nerve. Sural nerve biopsy revealed necrotizing vasculitis with fibrinoid necrosis in the epineurium. Toluidine blue staining of Epon-embedded tissue showed significant loss of myelinated nerve fibers without demyelination, even in the teased nerve fiber preparations. Electron microscopy showed immature regenerated nerve fibers with thin myelin sheaths. Even including 24 reported cases of vasculitic neuropathy with either conduction block, pseudo-conduction block, or temporal dispersion, this is the first case examined by electron microscopy. Herein, we discuss the ultrastructural background of“temporal dispersion”in vasculitic neuropathy

A case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising in mature cystic teratoma

卵巣粘表皮癌は卵巣悪性腫瘍の中で極めてまれな組織型に分類される。今回、我々は成熟嚢胞性奇形種より発生した卵巣粘表皮癌の症例を経験したので報告する。症例は、69歳、女性、両側の成熟嚢胞性奇形腫を認めたが、SCC 高値とCT、MRI にて左側の腫瘍内に造影される充実性部分を認めたこと、小腸に浸潤を疑う所見を認めたこと、から悪性転化を疑い、手術を施行した。開腹時、両側卵巣腫瘍を認め、左卵巣腫瘍はS状結腸と強固に癒着していた。卵巣腫瘍充実性部分の迅速病理にて低分化癌と診断し、単純子宮全摘出術、両側付属器摘出術、S状結腸合併切除、骨盤リンパ節郭清術、大網切除術を施行した。病理組織学的には、左卵巣腫瘍の嚢胞壁肥厚部に皮膚付属器、脂肪織、軟骨組織、リンパ球集簇、卵巣間質を認め、充実成分に低分化な浸潤性扁平上皮癌を認めた。充実成分には、粘表皮癌に特徴的な、豊富な胞体粘液（PASおよびAlcian blue 染色陽性）を有する異型細胞が胞巣状~不完全な腺管状を呈する領域があり、成熟嚢胞性奇形腫より発生した卵巣粘表皮癌IIb期(pT2bN0M0)と診断した。術後補助化学療法としてDC（ドセタキセル、カルボプラチン）療法を施行し、術後1年8ヶ月現在、再発を認めない。雑誌掲載論

Pre-operative virtual planning followed by fabrication of patient-specific guiding instruments for mandibular deformity after fibula free flap reconstruction

Corrective osteotomy for secondary mandibular reconstruction is complex, and it is extremely difficult to achieve desirable three-dimensional positioning. The authors present a case for repositioning the mandibular segments of mandibular deformity after fibula free flap reconstruction using computer-assisted surgical simulation and patient-specific guiding instruments. A 69-year-old man developed severe mandibular deviation after segmental mandibulectomy and reconstruction with fibula free flap for basal cell carcinoma of the mental region. A virtual osteotomy was performed between the mandible and fibula on a 3D virtual model using simulation software. The proximal mandibular segments were placed in the ideal position using a 3D virtual model. The original contour of the mandible before the primary resection was used as a reference for repositioning. Patient-specific guiding instruments were fabricated for the pre-osteotomy and intraoperative positioning of the osteotomized mandible, enabling bone fragments to be repositioned and fixed using the pre-operative plan. Post-operative CT showed that the mandibular segments were precisely repositioned. In this case, virtual planning and patient-specific guiding instruments were useful in corrective surgery for mandibular deformity after fibula free flap reconstruction

Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine on in ABO blood type incompatible kidney transplant recipients treated with low-dose rituximab

Abstract We aimed to evaluate the humoral response after the second and third doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine in ABO blood type incompatible kidney transplant (KT) recipients treated with rituximab. This retrospective study conducted between June 2021 and June 2022 included 131 KT recipients and 154 nontransplant controls who had received mRNA vaccines. We compared the seropositivity (anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titer ≥ 0.8 U/mL) after the second and third vaccinations. Furthermore, we evaluated the impact of pretransplant vaccination for seropositivity. Of the 131 KT recipients, 50 had received the third dose of mRNA vaccine. The antibody titer was significantly increased after the third dose of mRNA vaccine. The seropositivity rate after the third dose of mRNA vaccine increased from 36 to 70%. We observed no significant difference in seropositivity after the third dose of mRNA vaccine in ABO incompatibility, rituximab use, mycophenolate mofetil use, and age at KT. Of the nine recipients who had received the second or third dose of the mRNA vaccine prior to the KT, eight of the recipients were seropositive both before and after the KT. Our results suggest that ABO incompatibility or rituximab use was not significantly associated with seropositivity

血管炎性ニューロパチーにおける時間的分散（temporal dispersion） : 電子顕微鏡的微細構造解析

症例報告Case Reportjournal articl