Long-Term Remission of Primary Bone Marrow Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated with High-Dose Chemotherapy Rescued by In Vivo

Primary bone marrow diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a rare type of extranodal lymphoma with poor prognosis. Here, we report a case of primary bone marrow DLBCL successfully treated with high-dose chemotherapy and rescued by in vivo rituximab-purged autologous stem cells. A 39-year-old woman visited our hospital because of anemia. Bone marrow examination revealed a large B-cell lymphoma invasion. An 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scan revealed disseminated bone marrow uptake without evidence of dissemination at other sites. These findings led to a diagnosis of primary bone marrow DLBCL. Our patient underwent R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone) chemotherapy and achieved complete remission. Subsequently, she received high-dose chemotherapy with an in vivo rituximab-purged autologous stem cell transplant. Seven years have passed since the transplantation, and she remains in remission. This suggests that transplantation of an in vivo rituximab-purged autograft is a promising strategy for primary bone marrow DLBCL

Bifunctionality of Rh3+ Modifier on TiO2 and Working Mechanism of Rh3+/TiO2 Photocatalyst under Irradiation of Visible Light

A rhodium(III) ion (Rh3+)-modified TiO2 (Rh3+/TiO2) photocatalyst, prepared by a simple adsorption method and exhibiting high levels of photocatalytic activity in degradation of organic compounds, was investigated by using X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) measurements, (photo)electrochemical measurements, double-beam photoacoustic (DB-PA) spectroscopic measurements, and photoluminescence measurements. Based on the results, the features of the Rh3+ modifier and the working mechanism of the Rh3+/TiO2 photocatalyst are discussed. XAFS measurements revealed that the Rh3+ species were highly dispersed and almost atomically isolated on TiO2. The (photo)electrochemical measurements, DB-PA spectroscopic measurements, and photoluminescence showed a unique bifunction of the Rh3+ modifier as a promoter for O2 reductions and an electron injector to the conduction band of TiO2 for response to visible light. The reasons for the Rh3+/TiO2 photocatalyst exhibiting higher levels of photocatalytic activity than those of TiO2 photocatalysts modified with other metal ions are also discussed on the basis of obtained results

Rre37 stimulates accumulation of 2-oxoglutarate and glycogen under nitrogen starvation in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

AbstractRre37 (sll1330) in a cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 acts as a regulatory protein for sugar catabolic genes during nitrogen starvation. Low glycogen accumulation in Δrre37 was due to low expression of glycogen anabolic genes. In addition to low 2-oxoglutarate accumulation, normal upregulated expression of genes encoding glutamate synthases (gltD and gltB) as well as accumulation of metabolites in glycolysis (fructose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle (oxaloacetate, fumarate, succinate, and aconitate) were abolished by rre37 knockout. Rre37 regulates 2-oxoglutarate accumulation, glycogen accumulation through expression of glycogen anabolic genes, and TCA cycle metabolites accumulation

Pharmacogenomic–pharmacokinetic study of selective estrogen-receptor modulators with intra-patient dose escalation in breast cancer

BackgroundAn association between CYP2D6 polymorphisms and tamoxifen (TAM) efficacy has not been confirmed, partly due to unreliable prediction of active metabolite exposure solely by CYP2D6 activity. The efficacy of TAM dose escalation appears limited in poor TAM metabolizers. Since the chlorine atom on the side chain of toremifene (TOR) prevents 4-hydroxylation by CYP2D6, its contribution to active conversion of TOR is minor. We examined the role of TOR and its dose escalation among poor TAM metabolizers.MethodsThe pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacogenomics (PGx) of TAM and TOR were studied. Correlation between PK and CYP2D6 inhibitor use, smoking status, and PGx were examined by regression analysis. For patients showing low endoxifen levels, an intra-patient dose escalation of TOR was conducted, and TOR was increased from 40 to 120 mg for ≥ 24 weeks with PK sampling. Total activity was calculated as the sum of the concentration of each active metabolite adjusted by their respective in vitro activities.ResultsFifty and 11 of the 273 participating patients had endoxifen levels < 15 and < 7.5 ng/mL, respectively. The CYP2D6 genotype was the major determinant for TAM activity (p < 0.01). Smoking status (p = 0.07) and the CYP2C19 phenotype (p = 0.07), but not the CYP2D6 genotype (p = 0.61), showed marginally significant effects on TOR activity. TOR activity increased significantly with dose escalation, even among poor TAM metabolizers, and was maintained for ≥ 24 weeks.ConclusionTOR might be a valid alternative to TAM in patients predicted to be poor TAM metabolizers

ギョルイ コッカク ヒョウホン オ モチイタ ESD ノ レイ アユ ノ チギョ ノ ハ オ カンサツ シテ セイタイ ト ノ カンケイ オ シロウ

本研究は、透明骨格二重染色標本を海洋環境教育や理科教育を含めたESD（Education for Sustainable Development：持続的発展教育）で利活用できることを実証する事例の第三弾である。ここでは、アユ仔魚の透明標本の歯を観察することで、形態と生態を理解しようと試み、その有効性を事前と事後のアンケートにもとづいて調査した。対象としたのは、5 つのイベントに参加した16 歳から80 歳の男性29 名、女性31 名、計60 名である。プログラムは、アユの生活史、顕微鏡の使い方、透明標本の基礎知識、主題1（体長20mm 前後の個体の歯の探索）、および主題2（体長30mm 前後の個体の歯の観察）の順に進めた。プログラムの前には参加者は全員アユの仔魚に歯が生えていることを知らなかった。しかし、事後のアンケートによると、内翼状骨や基舌骨、基鰓骨などの歯を観察し、これらの歯で動物プランクトンを摂餌することを理解したと判断できた。This study is the third round in a project to utilize double stained fish transparent specimens for ESD (Education for Sustainable Development) including science, marine and environmental education. In this round, fish transparent specimens were applied to a study of the relationships between morphology and ecology through the observation of teeth in ayu Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis larvae, and its effectiveness was investigated by the preand post-intervention questionnaire. The research examined 60 participants in five learning interventions, the age ranging from 16 to 80 with a mean of 37.1 years old and the sex ratio being 31 females and 29 males. The program was composed of the followings: the life history of ayu, which is a diadromous fish migrating between the river and the sea; how to use the microscope; the basic knowledge of bones; main observation 1, searching teeth of ca. 20 mm in body length (BL) specimens; and main observation 2, searching and observing teeth of ca. 30mm BL specimens.Although no participants recognized the presence of teeth in ayu larvae in the pre-intervention questionnaire, all of them would observe the teeth on bones such as the endopterygoid, basihyal, basibranchial, dentary and upper and lower pharyngeals and understand that the larvae would seize zooplankton during their marine life by using these teeth.河野博: 東京海洋大学学術研究院海洋環境科学部門河野博・デイビッド エリック アンマリサン・石川 新・新城遥己・小野寺暁・手良村知功: 東京海洋大学魚類学研究

Expression of excess receptors and negative feedback control of signal pathways are required for rapid activation and prompt cessation of signal transduction

Cellular signal transduction is initiated by the binding of extracellular ligands to membrane receptors. Receptors are often expressed in excess, and cells are activated when a small number of receptors bind ligands. Intracellular signal proteins are act

STUDIES ON THE CHANGE OF TUBERCULIN REACTION REPEATEDLY EXAMINED AT THE SAME SITE OF THE SKIN OF A BCG VACCINATED GROUP OF SCHOOL CHILDREN : 1. RESULTS OBTAINED 1 AND 3 MONTHS AFTER BCG VACCINATION

この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。Tuberculin reaction was successively examined using 2000 times diluted old tuberculin one and three months after BCG vaccination in school children. The second tuberculin test (3 months after vaccination) was done on the same site as the first test in the left forearm and on the different site in the right forearm. The results were read after 24 and 48 hours. (1) On the repeated sites of the left forearm the reaction appeared and decreased its intensity faster than the new sites of the right forearm (accelerated reaction). Moreover, the reaction of the repeated sites was stronger than the new sites (augmented reaction). (2) The tuberculin tests done in negative stadium do not influence the mode of reaction after the acquisition of allergy. (3) Both accelerated and augmented reactions appear at the second tuberculin test (the first repetition) on the same site