A case of matrix-producing carcinoma of the breast

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

Serum estradiol should be monitored not only during the peri-menopausal period but also the post-menopausal period at the time of aromatase inhibitor administration

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy is being extensively used as postoperative adjuvant therapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive postmenopausal breast cancer. On the other hand, it has been reported that ovarian function was restored when AI was administered to patients who had undergone chemical menopause with chemotherapy or tamoxifen. However, there have been no reports of comprehensive monitoring of estradiol (E2) in breast cancer patients with ordinary menopause who were being administered AI.</p> <p>Patients and Methods</p> <p>Beginning in March 2008, regular monitoring of the serum levels of E2, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was performed for 66 postmenopausal breast cancer patients who had been started on AI therapy. For this study, we chose anastrozole as the AI. The assays of those hormones were outsourced to a commercial clinical laboratory.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In 4 of the 66 patients the serum E2 level was decreased at 3 months but had then increased at 6 months, while in 2 other patients E2 was decreased at both 3 and 6 months but had increased at 9 months.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results indicate that, in some breast cancer patients with ordinary menopause, E2 rebounds following AI therapy. In the future, E2 monitoring should be performed for a larger number of patients being administered AI therapy.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Our trial registration number is 19-11-1211.</p

INUNDATION INSIDE A LEVEE OF THE YUURA RIVER DUE TO THE HEAVY RAIN IN JULY 2020 AND EVACUATION BEHAVIOR AT NURSING FACILITIES IN ASHIKITA TOWN

湯浦川の近くに立地する高齢者施設を対象に，被害状況や避難行動等についてインタビュー調査を行った．また，湯浦川の河口付近の氾濫進展状況を数値解析し，施設周辺の浸水過程を再現した．施設職員の証言内容と浸水過程，発表された防災情報を照合することで避難行動の特徴を検証した．職員が少ない夜間の災害対応において，多数の高齢者を少ない職員で避難誘導するには限界があるため，夜間を想定した避難計画や訓練が重要であることを確認した．さらに，感潮域に位置する高齢者施設においては，避難情報や防災気象情報に加え潮位情報を活用することで夜間帯の行動を回避できる可能性が示唆された

Survey on Evacuation Behavior at Nursing Facilities in Ashikita Town due to Heavy Rain in July 2020

The nursing facility C located near the Sashiki River was flooded due to Heavy Rain in July 2020. The survey method was an interview survey on the damage situation and evacuation behavior. In addition, a flood inundation analysis was conducted. Judging from both the execution and the process of flooding, facility C missed the timing of the evacuation action. The main reasons were that the event was beyond one’s expectation, information was not helpful, lack of manpower, flooded water rose fast. The lessons of this experience are action plan using information, nighttime emergency system, evacuation drills with multiple patterns. For the safety of elderly people, both an evacuation security plan and a business continuity plan (BCP) are needed. On the other hand, there are administrative issues related to wide-area evacuation. Deregulation of the long-term care insurance system and simplification of administrative procedures are desirable.令和2年7月豪雨により佐敷川の近くに立地する高齢者施設Cは浸水被害を受けた。高齢者施設Cを対象に，被害状況や避難行動に関するインタビュー調査と氾濫解析を実施した。避難行動と浸水の過程からみて，より安全な避難のタイミングを逃していた。主な理由として，想定外の出来事であったこと，情報が活用されなかったこと，マンパワーが足りなかったこと，浸水の速度が速かったことなどが考えられる。この教訓として，情報を活用した行動計画，夜間の緊急参集体制，複数のパターンによる避難訓練，などが挙げられる。また，高齢者の安全な生活のためには避難確保計画と事業継続計画（BCP）の両方が求められる。一方，広域避難に関する行政上の課題も明らかになった。この課題を解決するためには，自治体や福祉団体による計画策定支援が必要で，介護保険制度の規制緩和，行政手続きの簡略化が望まれる

イレウスカン ノ カンリ ニ チュウモク シタ カキイセキ ニヨル ショクジセイ イレウス ノ 1レイ

Intestinal food-induced obstruction is a rare disease. Diospyrobezoar is one of the main causes. The structure has characteristic CT findings of clear wedge and internal cavernous low density area. Diospyrobezoar sometimes exist with other stones. A 60s-year-old man with abdominal pain and vomiting was introduced to our hospital. CT scan showed the dilated small intestine and two round structures with 3.5cm and 2.5cm in minor axis in the ileum. The patient had been having dried persimmons habitually in this season without artificial teeth. Based on these findings, intestinal diospyrobezoar obstruction was diagnosed. Depressurization by a balloon-tipped long tube was performed prior to surgery. The long tube and 2 structures in the intestine were detected under the laparoscopic examination, and the small intestine at 30cm oral side from two structures was pulled-out through the umbilical incision. Another stone was led to the other one to the oral side manually and a longitudinal incision was made on the anal side of the stones. Not only 2 stones that were identified preoperatively but also 4 small stones were removed. Surgery should be needed to treat diospyrobezoar ileus with a 3.0cm stone in minor axis, and it is essential to consider multiple stones

Thymidine phosphorylase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase are predictive factors of therapeutic efficacy of capecitabine monotherapy for breast cancerpreliminary results

Capecitabine monotherapy was administered for 25 patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer, and the clinical therapeutic efficacy and its relationship to expression of 5-fluorouracil-related enzymes (i.e., thymidine phosphorylase (TP), thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD)) were investigated. The expressions of TP, TS and DPD were determined by immunohistochemical staining techniques and rated using a scoring system of 1～4. The expression score for TP/DPD showed a statistically significant correlation with the clinical response, whereas the expression score for TP/TS also showed a correlation but it was not statistically significant. The number of patients was small, but the results revealed the potential of application of the TP/DPD expression score as a factor for predicting the efficacy of the drug in individual patients

モノクローナルIgAの作製とその利用

We hypothesize that IgA immune complex in mother's milk functions for the prevention of food allergy through oral immune tolerance. To prove this hypothesis and to establish the allergic cure by using IgA immune complex as vaccine, a mass preparation of mouse IgA was performed. We established monoclonal antibody producing hybridomas with mesentery lymph nodes and got three kinds of monoclonal IgA. Their Light chains were all κ and the molecular weight was about 280 kDa, suggesting their dimmer form. The antigen specificity of these antibodies was unidentified, but they did not react with major food allergens. Monoclonal IgA was effectively purified with a Protein L column from the culture supernatant of the hybridoma. Ovalbumin was coupled to the monoclonal IgA with a hetero-bifunctional crosslinking reagent, Sulfosuccinimidyl 6- [3' (2-pyridyldithio) -propionamido] hexanoate. Formation of the pseudo IgA immune complex was confirmed by a sandwich type of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay with the anti-ovalbumin antibody and the anti-mouse IgA (α) antibod

Lipid Transfer Proteinに対するモノクローナル抗体を用いたリンゴ使用量の評価系の確立

In order to establish evaluation system for apple content in foods, monoclonal antibodies were raisedagainst apple lipid transfer protein (LTP). A sandwich-type of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)was developed by using two of the five monoclonal antibodies obtained. This ELISA showed a practicalworking range of 0.03-10 ng/mL for apple LTP and no cross-reactivity with other fruits tested except plum.LTP could be determined with this ELISA in peel selectively and in foods with apple labeling such as applejuice, vegetable juice and even in curry roux

植物起源の食物アレルゲン : Lipid Transfer Proteinのアレルゲン性と生物学的特性

The most important allergens in young children are derived from animal foods. Therefore, researches of food allergy are mainly developed on hen's eggs and cow's milk. On the other hand, new types of allergy such as pollen allergy, latex allergy and oral allergy syndrome have recently been increasing. These allergies are characteristically caused by plant allergens and seen in adults. In the former case, sensitization and induction are usually caused by a same allergen (Type I food allergy). However, they are caused by different antigens with cross-reactivity in the latter case (Type II food allergy). This review first focuses on cross-reactivity of plant allergens to explain the increase of the Type II food allergy and then summarizes the information and our data about the major plant allergen, Lipid Transfer Protein