3 research outputs found
Realtime Motion Generation with Active Perception Using Attention Mechanism for Cooking Robot
To support humans in their daily lives, robots are required to autonomously
learn, adapt to objects and environments, and perform the appropriate actions.
We tackled on the task of cooking scrambled eggs using real ingredients, in
which the robot needs to perceive the states of the egg and adjust stirring
movement in real time, while the egg is heated and the state changes
continuously. In previous works, handling changing objects was found to be
challenging because sensory information includes dynamical, both important or
noisy information, and the modality which should be focused on changes every
time, making it difficult to realize both perception and motion generation in
real time. We propose a predictive recurrent neural network with an attention
mechanism that can weigh the sensor input, distinguishing how important and
reliable each modality is, that realize quick and efficient perception and
motion generation. The model is trained with learning from the demonstration,
and allows the robot to acquire human-like skills. We validated the proposed
technique using the robot, Dry-AIREC, and with our learning model, it could
perform cooking eggs with unknown ingredients. The robot could change the
method of stirring and direction depending on the status of the egg, as in the
beginning it stirs in the whole pot, then subsequently, after the egg started
being heated, it starts flipping and splitting motion targeting specific areas,
although we did not explicitly indicate them
Production of Cisplatin-Incorporating Hyaluronan Nanogels via Chelating Ligand–Metal Coordination
Hyaluronan
(HA) is a promising drug carrier for cancer therapy
because of its CD44 targeting ability, good biocompatibility, and
biodegradability. In this study, cisplatin (CDDP)-incorporating HA
nanogels were fabricated through a chelating ligand–metal coordination
cross-linking reaction. We conjugated chelating ligands, iminodiacetic
acid or malonic acid, to HA and used them as a precursor polymer.
By mixing the ligand-conjugated HA with CDDP, cross-linking occurred
via coordination of the ligands with the platinum in CDDP, resulting
in the spontaneous formation of CDDP-loaded HA nanogels. The nanogels
showed pH-responsive release of CDDP, because the stability of the
ligand–platinum complex decreases in an acidic environment.
Cell viability assays for MKN45P human gastric cancer cells and Met-5A
human mesothelial cells revealed that the HA nanogels selectively
inhibited the growth of gastric cancer cells. In vivo experiments
using a mouse model of peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer
demonstrated that HA nanogels specifically localized in peritoneal
nodules after the intraperitoneal administration. Moreover, penetration
assays using multicellular tumor spheroids indicated that HA nanogels
had a significantly higher ability to penetrate tumors than conventional,
linear HA. These results suggest that chelating-ligand conjugated
HA nanogels will be useful for targeted cancer therapy