18世紀イギリス海軍と船舶必需品生産計画: 帝国と植民地森林資源

早大学位記番号:新7762早稲田大

Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus A(H5N6), Japan, November 2016

Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) A(H5N6) were concurrently introduced into several distant regions of Japan in November 2016. These viruses were classified into the genetic clade 2.3.4.4c and were genetically closely related to H5N6 HPAIVs recently isolated in South Korea and China. In addition, these HPAIVs showed further antigenic drift

Potency of an inactivated influenza vaccine prepared from A/duck/Mongolia/245/2015 (H10N3) against H10 influenza virus infection in a mouse model

The H10N8 influenza virus became a threat to public health when cases of fatal infections were identified in China in 2013 and 2014. Thus, genetic and antigenic characterization of H10 influenza viruses and development of an appropriate vaccine are essential to prepare for a future pandemic by H10 influenza viruses. However, current information regarding these properties of H10 influenza viruses circulating in birds is limited. In this study, genetic analysis of H10 influenza viruses revealed that the viruses recently circulating in wild birds in East Asia are genetically close to human H10N8 influenza viruses. Furthermore, the antigenicity of H10 influenza viruses was stable among the viruses circulating in birds. An inactivated vaccine was prepared from A/duck/Mongolia/245/2015 (H10N3), which is genetically and antigenically close to the human H10 influenza viruses. The vaccine induced sufficient neutralizing antibodies against homologous and heterologous viruses in mice. The inactivated vaccine induced protective immunity sufficient to reduce the impact of challenges with A/duck/Hokkaido/W87/2007 (H10N2), which is pathogenic strain in mice. This study demonstrates that the inactivated whole virus particle vaccine prepared from viruses isolated from wild birds would be useful against a future pandemic influenza by H10 influenza viruses

Potency of whole virus particle and split virion vaccines using dissolving microneedle against challenges of H1N1 and H5N1 influenza viruses in mice

Transdermal vaccination using a microneedle (MN) confers enhanced immunity compared with subcutaneous (SC) vaccination. Here we developed a novel dissolving MN patch for the influenza vaccine. The potencies of split virion and whole virus particle (WVP) vaccines prepared from A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) and A/duck/Hokkaido/Vac-3/2007 (H5N1), respectively, were evaluated. MN vaccination induced higher neutralizing antibody responses than SC vaccination in mice. Moreover, MN vaccination with a lower dose of antigens conferred protective immunity against lethal challenges of influenza viruses than SC vaccination in mice. These results suggest that the WVP vaccines administered using MN are an effective combination for influenza vaccine to be further validated in humans.Previous article in issu