Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis; clinical characteristics, risk factors, diagnosis and outcome in a tertiary hospital

BackgroundCerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT) is an uncommon form of stroke that has a highly variable clinical presentation. Data from Middle East and in particular Saudi Arabia are scarce. AimsIn this study, we evaluated clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of patients with CVT in a tertiary hospital, Saudi Arabia.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was performed at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia which included a total of 97 patients admitted with CVT diagnosis between January 2010 to December 2019. Demographic data, clinical information, radiological test, the in-hospital mortality recorded, and a three month outcome were retrieved from the health information system. ResultsMean age was 42 years with 83.5 per cent female predominance. Headache was the most frequent initial presentation in 79 per cent. During the course of the illness 41 per cent developed seizures and were significantly associated with the presence of intracerebral haemorrhage (p < 0.02). Oral contraceptive was a major risk factor in 21 per cent, no underlying risk factor or cause was found in 30 per cent of the patients. Non-contrast CT scan was reported normal in 30 per cent of the cases. In-hospital mortality was low, and prognosis at follow up was good. ConclusionFemale predominance and headache being the first manifestation were reconfirmed. A non-contrast CT scan can show some abnormalities but was normal in about 30 per cent of cases. Awareness about CVT clinical presentation and diagnostic tests are important to prevent misdiagnosis. These finding may be important to further characterize the condition in this area

Prospective Matched Case-Control Study of Over-Early P100 Wave Latency in Migraine with Aura

A sizable portion of the world’s population suffers from migraines with aura. The purpose of this research is to describe the findings of a case-control study that was carried out to gain a better understanding of how migraine with aura manifests. The research looked at the P100 delay of the visual-evoked potential in both eyes of 92 healthy people and 44 patients who suffered from migraines with visual aura. All of the participants in the study were recruited from King Fahad University Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Both sets of people had the same ancestry and originated from the same location. Patients who suffered from migraines with aura exhibited a significantly shorter P100 delay in both eyes compared to healthy controls (p = 0.001), which is evidence that their early visual processing was distinct. In order to arrive at these findings, we compared people who suffer from migraines with aura to people who do not suffer from migraines and used them as subjects. These findings contribute to the ongoing attempts to bring the disease under control and provide vitally significant new information regarding the functioning of headaches with auras. The primary focus of study in the future should be on determining the nature of the connection between issues with early visual processing and headaches with aura