EPDS scores in the ND and PD groups.

<p>EPDS: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.</p><p>ND group: non depressive group.</p><p>PD group: postpartum depressive group.</p><p>T1: early pregnancy (before 25 weeks).</p><p>T2: postpartum (1 month).</p><p>SD: standard deviation.</p><p>a: Paired t-test.</p

HA scores in the ND and PD groups.

<p>HA: harm avoidance.</p><p>T1: early pregnancy (before 25 weeks).</p><p>T2: postpartum (1 month).</p>a<p>: Paired t-test in HA scores between T1 and T2 in the ND and PD groups.</p

Participant profiles in the four groups.

<p>+: EPDS>8, −: EPDS<9.</p><p>T1: early pregnancy (before 25 weeks).</p><p>late: late pregnancy (around 36 weeks).</p><p>T2: postpartum (1 month).</p>a<p>: ANOVA was used to test the mean differences of age within the four groups.</p

Correlations between HA and EPDS score changes from T1 to T2 in the ND and PD groups.

<p>r: Pearson's r.</p

Correlations between PBI and EPDS score changes from T1 to T2 in the ND and PD groups.

<p>PBI: Parental Bonding Instrument.</p><p>EPDS: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.</p><p>T1: early pregnancy (before 25 weeks).</p><p>T2: postpartum (1 month).</p><p>ND group: non depressive group.</p><p>PD group: postpartum depressive group.</p><p>r: Pearson’s r.</p

Participant profiles in the four initial subject categories.

<p>T1: early pregnancy (before 25 weeks).</p><p>late: late pregnancy (around 36 weeks).</p><p>T2: postpartum (1 month).</p><p>+: EPDS >8, − : EPDS <9.</p><p>a: ANOVA was used to test the mean differences of age within the four groups.</p

PBI scores in the ND and PD groups.

<p>PBI: Parental Bonding Instrument.</p><p>ND group: non depressive group.</p><p>PD group: postpartum depressive group.</p><p>T1: early pregnancy (before 25 weeks).</p><p>T2: postpartum (1 month).</p><p>SD: standard deviation.</p><p>a: Paired t-test between T1 and T2.</p

PBI scores in the ND and PD groups at T1.

<p>PBI: Parental Bonding Instrument.</p><p>T1: early pregnancy (before 25 weeks).</p><p>ND group: non depressive group.</p><p>PD group: postpartum depressive group.</p><p>SD: standard deviation.</p><p>a: Student’s t-test between the ND and PD group.</p