Maximally coherent mixed states: Complementarity between maximal coherence and mixedness

Quantum coherence is a key element in topical research on quantum resource theories and a primary facilitator for design and implementation of quantum technologies. However, the resourcefulness of quantum coherence is severely restricted by environmental noise, which is indicated by the loss of information in a quantum system, measured in terms of its purity. In this work, we derive the limits imposed by the mixedness of a quantum system on the amount of quantum coherence that it can possess. We obtain an analytical trade-off between the two quantities that upperbound the maximum quantum coherence for fixed mixedness in a system. This gives rise to a class of quantum states, "maximally coherent mixed states," whose coherence cannot be increased further under any purity-preserving operation. For the above class of states, quantum coherence and mixedness satisfy a complementarity relation, which is crucial to understand the interplay between a resource and noise in open quantum systems.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, REVTex 4.1, close to published versio

A retrospective study of teenage pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital

Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcome of teenage pregnancy and find the effect of antenatal care on these teen mothers.Methods: A retrospective case study was performed over a period of three years. Data was retrieved from the hospital record. All teenage mothers (aged less than 19 years) delivering in the hospital were taken as cases. Consecutive two deliveries in the age group of 20 to 30 years meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were taken as control group. Various aspects of pregnancy outcome was recorded and analyzed. Results: The incidence of teenage pregnancy over the three years of study period was 4.33%. The occurrence of hypertensive disorders 32(9.4%) vs 36 (5.3%), p value < 0.01; IUGR 23 (6.7%) vs 11 (1.6%), p value < 0.01; preterm delivery 38 (11.2%) vs 18 (2.6%) p value < 0.01; and full term normal delivery 258 (75.9%) vs 563 (82.7%), (p value < 0.01 in the study group and control group respectively. Low birth weight babies 140 (41.2%) vs 63 (9.3%), p value < 0.01 and NICU admission 20 (5.8%) vs 9 (1.3%), p value < 0.01; were significantly higher in the study group. The comparison of various pregnancy outcomes according to the booking status of the teenage mothers finds significant improvement in most of the parameters in those who received adequate antenatal care.Conclusion: The pregnancy outcome of teenage mothers is poorer in comparison to 20 to 30 years age group in most of the parameters. Adequate antenatal care reduces the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome significantly in the teen mothers

A Complete Characterization of all Magic Constants Arising from Distance Magic Graphs

A positive integer $k$ is called a magic constant if there is a graph $G$ along with a bijective function $f$ from $V(G)$ to first $|V(G)|$ natural numbers such that the weight of the vertex $w(v) = \sum_{uv \in E}f(v) =k$ for all $v \in V$. It is known that all odd positive integers greater equal $3$ and the integer powers of $2$, $2^{t}$, $t \ge 6$ are magic constants. In this paper we characterise all positive integers which are magic constants

A REVIEW ON REDUCING JITTER AND POWER IN PHASE LOCKED LOOP

Jitter is extremely important in PLL based systems. The effects of jitter range from not having any effect on system operation to rendering the system completely non -functional. Reducing Jitter and power supply is one way to help to improve the system performance. This review will concentrate on jitter and power supply in PLL building blocks

Breeding of Climbing Perch (Anabas testudineus Bloch, 1792) Induced with Ovatide

Climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) is a much demanded fish in the northeastern part of India, yet the absence of a standardized method to induce breeding remains a major constraint in the development of aquaculture of this species. In this study, breeding was induced using 0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 ml/kg body weight of the synthetic hormone Ovatide and compared with fish injected with 30 mg carp pituitary extract (CPE) per kg body weight or 0.5 ml saline (control). Male and female brooders were injected once with an identical dose and left to spawn in tubs at a ratio of 2:1. No breeding occurred in the saline-injected control fish. There was partial spawning in the 0.1 and 0.2 Ovatide treatments and complete spawning in fish injected with 0.3 Ovatide. Spawning and number of eggs in fish injected with 0.3 Ovatide did not statistically differ from results in fish injected with CPE (p≥0.05). The present experiment suggests that Ovatide at 0.3 ml/kg body weight is optimal for seed production of climbing perch held in captivity and can be used for species restoration

A study of weekly paclitaxel vs weekly cisplatin with concomitant chemoradiation in locally advanced head and neck cancer

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the role of concomitant chemoradiation using paclitaxel versus cisplatin in locally advanced head and neck cancers.Methods: 52 patients were randomly assigned to one of the two concomitant chemoradiation arms: arm I (n=26) and arm II (n= 26) who received injection of paclitaxel 40 mg/m2 I/V 1-hour infusion before radiation, repeated weekly for 6 cycles, and cisplatin 30 mg/m2 I/V 1-hour infusion before radiation, repeated weekly for 6 cycles, respectively. The planned radiotherapy dose was 66-70 Gy, 2 Gy/day, 5#/Week in 6-7 weeks.Results: Response rates were 69.2% and 57.7% in arm I and arm II, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference observed between the study group and the control group (P = 0.85) On median follow up of 7-15 months, Disease free survival was (83.3%) in arm I compared with (73.3%) in arm II but the difference was statistically insignificant. Local toxicities including mucositis, dysphasia and skin reactions were more in the study the haematological toxicity was generally mild. On the contrary, non-hematologic toxicities were severe. Grade IV mucositis occurred in 26.9% in arm I and in 3.8% in arm II (P = 0.003). Moreover, grade IV dermatitis were encountered in 23.1% in arm I (P = 0.00).Conclusions: Both concomitant chemoradiotherapy regimens were easily given in the outpatient clinic. The regimen based on paclitaxel was more effective; however, the difference was insignificant.

Administrator and Fidelity Based Secure Routing (AFSR) Protocol in MANET

The proliferation of mobile computing and communication devices are driving a revolutionary change in our information society. Among all the applications and services run by mobile devices, network connections and corresponding data services are without doubt the most demanded services by mobile users. A MANET is a continuously self-configuring, infrastructure-less network of mobile devices connected without wires, which makes it ideal for the present scenario. But, due to lack of any centralized infrastructure and access to trusted authorities, the security in MANET poses a huge threat. The prominent routing protocols we know are generally designed for environments where the nodes within a network are non-malicious. Due to the vulnerable nature of the mobile ad hoc network, there are numerous security threats that disturb its development. We propose a protocol for MANETs named “Administrator and Fidelity Based Secure Routing Protocol” (AFSR), which ensures secure routing through the network: by electing an Administrator node on the basis of Willingness and Fidelity, after which a node only communicates to that secure Admin node. This selection of secured admin nodes results in mitigation of various threats. We have evaluated our proposed protocol by simulating and comparing in GloMoSim

Cancers of the appendix: a case report and review of the literatures

Cancers of the appendix are rare. Most of them are found accidentally on appendectomies performed for appendicitis. Majority of the tumors are carcinoid, adenoma, and lymphoma. Adenocarcinomas of appendix constitute about only 0.08% of all cancers and the treatment remains controversial. Here we are reporting a 57 year old man presented with symptoms of appendicitis, diagnosed with mucinious adenocarcinoma of the appendix. The patient was treated with appendectomy. We performed a review of literature on tumors of the appendix. Benign conditions are treated with surgery alone. For lymphomas chemotherapy are required and carcinoid syndrome can be treated with somatostatin analogues

Measuring quantum coherence with entanglement

Quantum coherence is an essential ingredient in quantum information processing and plays a central role in emergent fields such as nanoscale thermodynamics and quantum biology. However, our understanding and quantitative characterization of coherence as an operational resource are still very limited. Here we show that any degree of coherence with respect to some reference basis can be converted to entanglement via incoherent operations. This finding allows us to define a novel general class of measures of coherence for a quantum system of arbitrary dimension, in terms of the maximum bipartite entanglement that can be generated via incoherent operations applied to the system and an incoherent ancilla. The resulting measures are proven to be valid coherence monotones satisfying all the requirements dictated by the resource theory of quantum coherence. We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach by proving that the fidelity-based geometric measure of coherence is a full convex coherence monotone, and deriving a closed formula for it on arbitrary single-qubit states. Our work provides a clear quantitative and operational connection between coherence and entanglement, two landmark manifestations of quantum theory and both key enablers for quantum technologies