1,669 research outputs found
A Trichinella murrelli infection in a domestic dog in the United States
Trichinella murrelli infection was diagnosed in a naturally infected Beagle bitch from VA, USA, where encapsulated larvae were found in histological sections of several skeletal muscles. A laboratory reared dog fed infected muscles resulted in viable muscle larvae that were subsequently infective to SwissâWebster mice. Multiplex PCR using larvae from the experimentally infected dog demonstrated two distinct bands migrating at 127 bp and 316 bp which together are diagnostic for T. murrelli; the isolate was assigned the ISS code: ISS1608 by the International Trichinella Reference Centre. This is the first report of T. murrelli infection in a companion animal
Exercise-induced respiratory muscle work: Effects on blood flow, fatigue and performance
This is the post print version of this article. The official published version can be obtained from the link below.In healthy subjects, heavy intensity endurance exercise places substantial demands on the respiratory muscles as breathing frequency, ventilation and the work of breathing rise over time. In the highly trained subject working at high absolute work rates, the ventilatory demand often causes varying degrees of expiratory flow limitation, sometimes accompanied by lung hyperinflation and, therefore, increased elastic work of breathing. Time-dependant increases in effort perceptions for both dyspnea and limb discomfort accompany these increased ventilatory demands. Similar responses to endurance exercise but at much lower exercise intensities also occur in patients with COPD and CHF. Note that these responses significantly influence exercise performance times in both health and disease. This effect was demonstrated by the marked reductions in the rate of rise of effort perceptions and the enhanced exercise performance times elicited by unloading the respiratory muscles using pressure support ventilation or proportional assist mechanical ventilation. In healthy fit subjects, unloading the inspiratory work of breathing by about one half increased performance by an average of 14% (Harms et al. 2000), and in CHF and COPD patients performance time more than doubled with respiratory muscle unloading (OâDonnell et al. 2001). Why are effort perceptions of limb discomfort markedly reduced and exercise performance increased when the respiratory muscles are unloaded? Our hypothesis is shown in Fig. 1
Trichinella nativa in a black bear from Plymouth, New Hampshire
A suspected case of trichinellosis was identified in a single patient by the New Hampshire Public Health Laboratories in Concord, NH. The patient was thought to have become infected by consumption of muscle larvae (ML) in undercooked meat from a black bear killed in Plymouth, NH in October 2003 and stored frozen at 20 8C fro 4 months. In January 2004, a 600 g sample of the meat was thawed at 4 8C, digested in hydrochloric acid and pepsin, and larvae were collected by sedimentation. Intact, coiled, and motile ML were recovered (366 larvae per gram (lpg) of tissue), which were passed into mice and pigs. Multiplex PCR revealed a single 127 bp amplicon, indicative of Trichinella nativa. The Reproductive Capacity Index (RCI) for the T. nativa-Plymouth isolate in mice was 24.3. Worm burdens in the diaphragms of two 3-month-old pigs given 2500 ML were 0.05 and 0.2 lpg by 35 days post-inoculation, while 2.2 and 0.75 lpg were recovered from two 3-month-old pigs given 10,000 ML; no larvae were recovered from four 1-year-old pigs given 2500 ML (n = 2) or 10,000 ML (n = 2). Viable larvae were also recovered from frozen black bear meat harvested at two additional locations, one in southern Ontario, Canada, and one in upstate New York, USA. Multiplex PCR using genomic DNA from these parasite samples demonstrated that both isolates were T. nativa. This is the first report of the freeze-resistant species, T. nativa, within the continental United States
Deconstructing Gaugino Mediation
We present a model of supersymmetry breaking which produces gaugino masses
and negligible scalar masses at a high scale. The model is inspired by
``deconstructing'' or ``latticizing'' models in extra dimensions where
supersymmetry breaking and visible matter are spatially separated. We find a
simple four-dimensional model which only requires two lattice sites (or gauge
groups) to reproduce the phenomenology.Comment: LaTeX, 9 pages, acknowledgements adde
Novel Plasmodium falciparum clones and rising clone multiplicities are associated with the increase in malaria morbidity in Ghanaian children during the transition into the high transmission season
A survey of Plasmodium falciparum infection and clone multiplicity in Ghanaian children was carried out to study the effect of the onset of the malaria transmission season on disease incidence. Fortnightly blood samples were collected from 40 children living in the rural town of Dodowa, between February and August 1998. P. falciparum parasite densities were calculated and PCR genotyping was carried out using the polymorphic MSP-1 and MSP-2 genes as target loci for the estimation of the number of parasite clones in each sample. The average clone number was estimated using maximum likelihood techniques and the minimum number of clones per patient was analysed for the effects of age, sex, season, minimum number of clones per child, level of parasitaemia and parasite genotype. The statistical analysis indicated that the more clones a child carried, the more likely they were to have a clinical malaria episode. This was true after adjusting for age and season effects and for the measured circulating parasitaemia. The probability of clinical disease also increased if the MSP-1 MAD 20 and the MSP-2 FC 27 alleles were present. This longitudinal analysis thus indicates that the probability of a Ghanaian child having a symptomatic malaria episode is positively associated with both increasing numbers and novel types of P. falciparum clones
Littlest Higgs model and associated ZH production at high energy collider
In the context of the littlest Higgs (LH) model, we consider the Higgs
strahlung process . We find that the correction effects on
this process mainly come from the heavy photon . If we take the mixing
angle parameter in the range of 0.75 - 1, the contributions of the heavy
gauge boson is larger than 6%. In most of the parameter space, the
deviation of the total production cross section from its SM
value is larger than 5%, which may be detected in the future high energy
collider (LC) experiments. The future LC experiments could test
the LH model by measuring the cross section of the process .Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure
On search for new Higgs physics in CDF at the Tevatron
We discuss the Higgs boson mass sum rules in the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model in order to estimate the upper limits on the masses of stop
quarks as well as the lower bounds on the masses of the scalar Higgs boson
state. The bounds on the scale of quark-lepton compositeness derived from the
CDF Collaboration (Fermilab Tevatron) data and applied to new extra gauge boson
search is taken into account. These extra gauge bosons are considered in the
framework of the extended SU(2)_h \times SU(2)_l model. In addition, we discuss
the physics of rare decays of the MSSM Higgs bosons in both CP-even and CP-odd
sectors and also some extra gauge bosons.Comment: 24 pages, LaTeX, 8 figure
Energy Release During Slow Long Duration Flares Observed by RHESSI
Slow Long Duration Events (SLDEs) are flares characterized by long duration
of rising phase. In many such cases impulsive phase is weak with lack of
typical short-lasting pulses. Instead of that smooth, long-lasting Hard X-ray
(HXR) emission is observed. We analysed hard X-ray emission and morphology of
six selected SLDEs. In our analysis we utilized data from RHESSI and GOES
satellites. Physical parameters of HXR sources were obtained from imaging
spectroscopy and were used for the energy balance analysis. Characteristic time
of heating rate decrease, after reaching its maximum value, is very long, which
explains long rising phase of these flares.Comment: Accepted for publication in Solar Physic
Localized Fermions and Anomaly Inflow via Deconstruction
We study fermion localization in gauge theory space. We consider four
dimensional product gauge groups in which light chiral fermions transform under
different gauge factors of the product group. This construction provides a
suppression of higher dimensional operators. For example, it can be used to
suppress dangerous proton decay operators. The anomalies associated with the
light chiral fermions are compensated by Wess-Zumino terms, which in the
continuum limit reproduce the five dimensional Chern-Simons term.Comment: 12 pages, minor changes to section
Yukawa Deflected Gauge Mediation in Four Dimensions
We construct a four dimensional realization of a higher dimensional model,
Yukawa deflected gauge mediation, in which supersymmetry breaking is
communicated to the visible sector through both gauge and Yukawa interactions.
The reduction to four dimensions is achieved by `deconstructing' or
`latticizing' the extra dimension. Three sites (gauge groups) are sufficient to
reproduce the spectrum of the higher dimensional model. The characteristic
features of Yukawa deflected gauge mediation, in particular, alignment of
squarks and quarks, and a natural solution to the mu problem, carry over to the
deconstructed version of the model. We comment on the implications of our
results for a solution of the mu problem in the context of deconstructed
gaugino mediation.Comment: 11 pages, 1figur
- âŠ