Hard Work, Growth Mindset, Fluent English: Navigating Neoliberal Logics

A prominent feature of the shift to neoliberalism within education is the notion of neoliberal governmentality (Foucault, 1991), which positions individuals as autonomous, entrepreneurial selves. According to this logic, in the domain of education, students become responsible for their own success, which they ostensibly attain by acquiring commodifiable skills (Urciuoli, 2008). Such discourses, as many have documented, are particularly pervasive in Higher Education, but can also be observed in state-led or NGO educational institutions for job seekers. While the ways in which these discourses are reproduced by institutions – notably through the mobilisation of ‘buzzwords’ such as ‘growth mindset’– is imperative to explore, this chapter argues that it is equally important to address how students navigate them. Drawing on ethnographic data from an English-teaching educational NGO for disadvantaged students in Delhi, India, this chapter demonstrates not only the reproduction of neoliberal discourses within the institution, but also the cracks or ‘fissures’ (Gershon and LaDousa, 2019) in the logic that arise at certain moments. Importantly, it explores how students negotiate the contradiction between the neoliberal interpellation of the autonomous, enterprising self and their perception of the structural barriers to their success. Noting many scholars’ warning to avoid theorising neoliberalism as a totalising logic (Bell, 2019; De Korne, 2017) this chapter highlights the importance of observing the various practices of neoliberalism on the ground – the ‘uptake’ (Urla 2019a) of neoliberalism – paying attention to how they claim justification through an alliance with discourses of emancipation, and how students reproduce and potentially contest them

When linguistic capital isn’t enough: Personality development and English speakerhood as capital in India

Discourses of development, as well as popular understandings, hold that access to education in English is essential for alleviating inequality. As such, since the neoliberal reforms of the 1990s, India has witnessed a boom in not only private English coaching, but also NGO educational institutions. However, drawing on ethnographic data from an English and soft-skills training NGO in Delhi, this chapter argues that the conceptualization of linguistic capital does not fully capture how students invest in English in the hope of achieving future success. Besides the speculative capital (Tabiola & Lorente, 2017) that the language represents, and the shaping of neoliberal subjectivities through soft-skill training (Urciuoli, 2008; Allan, 2013) and “personality development”, students equally invest in the cultural capital of English speakerhood, that is, the “doing” and “being” of an English speaker, a notion deeply intertwined with class and caste, and which extends to encompass students’ bodies and “personalities”

Variant interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene alleles in sudden infant death syndrome

Objective: To investigate if carriage of interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist gene variants are associated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in a large cohort of case–control demographically matched infants. Design: 118 SIDS and 233 control infants, who were matched to each SIDS infant by date of birth, sex, birth weight (±500 g), gestational age and ethnicity, were genotyped for an IL-1RN 89 bp tandem repeat polymorphism and analysed for significant associations. Results: No significant difference in genotype frequencies was observed between low and normal birthweight infants and year of birth (1987–1994, when the SIDS incidence was higher). In infants born between 1987 and 1994, an association was observed with SIDS and allele 2 where 18% of SIDS infants carried the 2/2 genotype compared with 9% of controls (χ2 p=0.026, OR 2.46). Allele 3 was found at a low frequency, but was significantly more common in SIDS infants (3.1%) compared with controls (0.9%, Fisher's exact p=0.04, OR 3.76). Conclusion: The higher prevalence of IL-1RN allele 2, which predisposes to poor outcomes from infection, in SIDS infants born between 1987 and 1994 (ie, prior to the dramatic decrease in SIDS incidence) suggests that the high incidence during this period could point to infection playing a role in aetiology. An association of IL-1RN allele 3 with SIDS was also found, but should be interpreted with caution due to the low frequency of this variant. The consequence of allele 3 carriage is currently unknown in the absence of functionality studies for this isoform.Amanda R. Highet, Catherine S. Gibson and Paul N. Goldwate

"The Bees' needs" : using molecular analysis of bee collected pollen to understand which plants play an important role in honey bee forage

Summary: Honey bees and other pollinators provide essential pollination services to agriculture and the environment; however they are under increasing pressure from changes in land management, disease and climate change. Current mitigation places emphasis on establishing flower meadows to improve nutritional diversity, but preserving what is already in place is also of importance. ‘CSI Pollen’ was a recent European citizen science project coordinated by COLOSS, investigating the diversity of pollen collected by honey bees in many countries across Europe. Volunteer beekeepers sampled pollen from colonies every three weeks during the foraging season over a two to three year period, creating a huge collection of data and samples. A selection of samples collected from 14 Scottish sites during the second year of study in 2015 were analysed by DNA fingerprinting to identify pollen gathered by honey bees at critical points of the colony’s life cycle; some results and potential implications for land use are discussed here

Archetypal trajectories of social, psychological, and spiritual wellbeing and distress in family care givers of patients with lung cancer: secondary analysis of serial qualitative interviews

Objective To assess if family care givers of patients with lung cancer experience the patterns of social, psychological, and spiritual wellbeing and distress typical of the patient, from diagnosis to death

Practice change amidst the COVID- 19 pandemic: Harnessing the momentum for expanding telehealth in transplant

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156173/2/ctr13897_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156173/1/ctr13897.pd

A diagnostic real-time PCR assay for the rapid identification of the tomato-potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc, 1909) and development of a psyllid barcoding database

The accurate and rapid identification of insect pests is an important step in the prevention and control of outbreaks in areas that are otherwise pest free. The potato-tomato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc, 1909) is the main vector of 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' on potato and tomato crops in North America and New Zealand; and is considered a threat for introduction in Europe and other pest-free regions. This study describes the design and validation of the first species-specific TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR assay, targeting the ITS2 gene region of B. cockerelli. The assay detected B. cockerelli genomic DNA from adults, immatures, and eggs, with 100% accuracy. This assay also detected DNA from cloned plasmids containing the ITS2 region of B. cockerelli with 100% accuracy. The assay showed 0% false positives when tested on genomic and cloned DNA from 73 other psyllid species collected from across Europe, New Zealand, Mexico and the USA. This included 8 other species in the Bactericera genus and the main vectors of 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' worldwide. The limit of detection for this assay at optimum conditions was 0.000001ng DNA (similar to 200 copies) of ITS2 DNA which equates to around a 1:10000 dilution of DNA from one single adult specimen. This assay is the first real-time PCR based method for accurate, robust, sensitive and specific identification of B. cockerelli from all life stages. It can be used as a surveillance and monitoring tool to further study this important crop pest and to aid the prevention of outbreaks, or to prevent their spread after establishment in new areas

A novel SNP-based tool for estimating C-lineage introgression in the dark honey bee (Apis mellifera mellifera)

The natural distribution ofthe honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) hás been changed by humans in recent decades to such an extent that the formerly widest-spread European subspecies, Apís mellifera mellifera, is threatened by extinction through introgression from highly divergent commercial strains in large tracts of its range. Conservation efforts for A. m. mellifera are underway in multiple European countries requiring reliable and cost-efficient molecular tools to identify purebred colonies. Here, we developed four ancestry-informative SNP assays for high sample throughput genotyping using the iPLEX Mass Array system. Our customized assays were tested on DNA from individual and pooled, haploid and diploid honeybee samples extracted from different tissues using a diverse range of protocols. The assays had a high genotyping success rate and yielded accurate genotypes. Performance assessed against whole-genome data showed that individual assays behaved well, although the most accurate introgression estimates were obtained forthe fourassays combined (117 SNPs). The best compromise between accuracy ana genotyping costs was achieved when combining two assays (62 SNPs). We provide a ready-to-use cost-effective tool for accurate molecular identification and estimation of introgression leveis to more effectively monitor and manage A. m. mellífera conservatories.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio