Dextran fractional clearances.

<p><b>Panel A:</b> Mean and standard deviation dextran fractional clearances (θ_D) for dengue patients during the acute phase (n = 15), and at 1 month (n = 15) and 3 months (n = 14) following recovery, compared with healthy volunteers (n = 16). For reasons of clarity the standard deviation markers are only presented for the acute dengue results, and for the healthy volunteers. <b>Panels B and C:</b> For comparison, these panels depict schematic examples of typical patterns seen when clearances are reduced, for example during pregnancy, or increased, for example in patients with renal disorders.</p

Key clinical features, therapeutic interventions, and laboratory findings, comparing children and adults with uncomplicated dengue managed on the infection wards.

<p>Data are presented as number (percentage) for categorical variables and median (90% range) for continuous variables.</p>*<p>p value for comparison between children and adults with uncomplicated dengue admitted directly (Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables, and Mann Whitney test for continuous variables).</p>**<p>Age-dependent features such as pulse and respiratory rate are not presented.</p>***<p>Overall Chi-square test.</p>****<p>no information available prior to HTD admission.</p>δ<p>Liver palpable below the costal margin in the mid-clavicular line.</p>ξ<p>Day of defervescence was defined as the first day that the temperature dropped to 37.5°C and remained at or below this level subsequently.</p>§<p>Definition for percentage haematocrit change as in <a href="http://www.plosntds.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pntd.0001679#pntd-0001679-t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a>.</p><p>Missing data for.</p>a<p> = 1 patient,</p>b<p> = 3 patients,</p>c<p> = 5 patients,</p>d<p> = 6 patients,</p>e<p> = 9 patients,</p>f<p> = 13 patients.</p

Daily platelet counts in children and adults with dengue.

<p>Box and whisker plots showing daily platelet counts during the course of illness and at follow-up for children and adults admitted directly to the relevant ICU with shock (Panel A), and for children and adults with uncomplicated dengue admitted directly to and managed throughout on the relevant infection wards (Panel B). Mean +/− SD day of illness at follow up for patients with DSS was 40+/−3 for children and 31+/−12 for adults, and for patients with uncomplicated dengue was 39+/−3 for children and 29+/−13 for adults. Boxes represent the median and interquartile values. Open circles indicate outlying/extreme values. The total number of patients included in each group each day is indicated on the X axis. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the daily platelet counts between children and adults, *** p<0.001 and ** p<0.01.</p

Platelet counts by day of illness for adults who did or did not develop mucosal bleeding.

<p>Box and whisker plots showing platelet counts on days 4, 5 and 6 of illness comparing adults who developed mucosal bleeding during the subsequent 24 hour period to adults who never developed mucosal bleeding throughout the illness course. Boxes represent the median and interquartile values. Open circles indicate outlying/extreme values. The total number of patients included in each group each day is indicated on the X axis. Patients in whom mucosal bleeding developed prior to admission to HTD are not included. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the platelet counts between the two groups on each day. *** p<0.001 and * p<0.05.</p

Profile of patients studied on the intensive care units (Panel A) and the infection wards (Panel B).

<p>* These 111 patients were admitted to AICU for close observation but did not go on to develop shock or other complications. Due to workload constraints children admitted to PICU with suspected dengue were only enrolled into the observational study if they developed overt complications. ** Note that these patients were recruited into the study in the infection wards and subsequently transferred to PICU/AICU.</p

Definitions for complications seen in confirmed dengue cases.

<p>Definitions for complications seen in confirmed dengue cases.</p

Associations between platelet counts and bleeding severity in children and adults with dengue.

<p>Box and whisker plots showing associations between the lowest platelet counts observed in specific time-periods (early febrile – days 1–3, critical – days 4–6 and convalescent periods – day 7–10) during the illness course and at the follow up visit, and the overall bleeding severity for all children (Panel A) and adults (Panel B) admitted directly to the hospital. Boxes represent the median and interquartile values. Open circles indicate outlying/extreme values. The total number of patients included in each group each time-period is indicated on the X axis. The Cuzick test for trend was used to compare the lowest platelet counts across the overall bleeding score in each time-period, *** p<0.001 and ** p<0.01.</p

Pathogens of bacterial meningitis by age group (excluding dual infection cases).

<p>Laboratory confirmed aetiology per agegroup (bars) for patients meeting the case definition of bacterial meningitis. “Unknown aetiology” corresponds to patients with a diagnosis of probable bacterial meningitis.</p

Demographic data, clinical diagnosis and outcome of patients with CNS infection enrolled in the study.

1<p>Cambodia, Laos.</p>2<p>Cham, Co Tu, Dao, H’Mong, Jarai, M’Nong, Mong, Nung, Pa Ko, STieng, Ta Oi, Tay, Thai, Xo Dang, Van Kieu, Chinese and Laotian.</p>3<p>Chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test (when one or more of the expected count is less than 5).</p

Laboratory confirmed aetiology for patients meeting the case definition of viral encephalitis/meningitis enrolled in the study (excluding dual infections).

1<p>Chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test (when one or more of the expected count is less than 5).</p>2<p>“Unknown aetiology” corresponds to the probable cases.</p