A New 100-GHz Band Front-End System with a Waveguide-Type Dual-Polarization Sideband-Separating SIS Receiver for the NRO 45-m Radio Telescope

We developed a waveguide-type dual-polarization sideband-separating SIS receiver system of the 100-GHz band for the 45-m radio telescope at the Nobeyama Radio Observatory, Japan. This receiver is composed of an ortho-mode transducer and two sideband-separating SIS mixers, which are both based on the waveguide technique. The receiver has four intermediate frequency bands of 4.0--8.0 GHz. Over the radio frequency range of 80--120 GHz, the single-sideband receiver noise temperatures are 50--100 K and the image rejection ratios are greater than 10 dB. We developed new matching optics for the telescope beam as well as new IF chains for the four IF signals. The new receiver system was installed in the telescope, and we successfully observed the 12CO, 13CO and C18O emission lines simultaneously toward the Sagittarius B2 region to confirm the performance of the receiver system. The SSB noise temperature of the system, including the atmosphere, became approximately half of that of the previous receiver system. The Image Rejection Ratios (IRRs) of the two 2SB mixers were calculated from the 12CO and HCO+ spectra from the W51 giant molecular cloud, resulting in > 20 dB for one polarization and > 12 dB for the other polarization.Comment: 10 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in PASJ, version with high resolution figures is available via http://www.nro.nao.ac.jp/library/report/list.htm

Itinerant Ferromagnetism in layered crystals LaCoOX (X = P, As)

The electronic and magnetic properties of cobalt-based layered oxypnictides, LaCoOX (X = P, As), are investigated. LaCoOP and LaCoOAs show metallic type conduction, and the Fermi edge is observed by hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Ferromagnetic transitions occur at 43 K for LaCoOP and 66 K for LaCoOAs. Above the transition temperatures, temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility follows the Curie-Weiss law. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is observed at the Co L2,3-edge, but not at the other edges. The calculated electronic structure shows a spin polarized ground state. These results indicate that LaCoOX are itinerant ferromagnets and suggest that their magnetic properties are governed by spin fluctuation.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, Physical Review B, in press. Received 17 February 2008. Accepted 29 May 200

A Quantitative Immunochromatography Assay of Whole Blood Samples for Antigen-specific IgE—A New Method for Point of Care Testing for Allergens—

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe development of an inexpensive point-of-care testing system for antigen-specific IgE is greatly needed. We, therefore, tried to develop a quantitative enzyme immunochromatography assay system for antigen-specific IgE in fresh whole blood.MethodsWhole blood sample was mixed with a reagent containing detergent to lyse red blood cells, and the mixture was applied to an immunochromatography strip. The lysate was observed to migrate in the strip and was washed away by the substrate buffer. When the sample contained the specific IgE, the antigen-specific IgE line was clearly observed on the strip macroscopically.ResultsResults were obtained 20 minutes after the application of hemolysed blood sample to immunochromatography, and these results showed positive correlation with those obtained by the AlaSTAT system, which is one of the popular assay kits for specific IgE. The results were not affected significantly by the hematocrit value of the blood sample, by the kind of anticoagulant in the blood collection tube, or by the concentration of the total IgE, provided it was lower than 20000IU/ml.ConclusionsThese results indicate that our system is applicable for point-of-care testing for antigen-specific IgE

Gait analysis of slope walking: a study on step length, stride width, time factors and deviation in the center of pressure.

Determination was made of step length, stride width, time factors and deviation in the center of pressure during up- and downslope walking in 17 healthy men between the ages of 19 and 34 using a force plate. Slope inclinations were set at 3, 6, 9 and 12 degrees. At 12 degrees, walking speed, the product of step length and cadence, decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) in both up- and downslope walking. The most conspicuous phenomenon in upslope walking was in cadence. The steeper the slope, the smaller was the cadence. The most conspicuous phenomenon in downslope walking was in step length. The steeper the slope, the shorter was the step length.</p

尺骨偽関節に対する前骨間動脈を血管茎とした橈骨遠位からの有茎血管柄付き骨移植：解剖学的研究と症例報告

Background: A vascularized distal radius graft can be a reliable solution for the treatment of refractory ulnar nonunion. The aim of this study is to establish the anatomical basis of a vascularized bone graft pedicled by the anterior interosseous artery and report its clinical application, using cadaveric studies and a case report. Methods: Fourteen fresh frozen cadaveric upper limbs were used. The branches of the anterior interosseous artery (the 2, 3 intercompartmental supraretinacular artery and the fourth extensor compartment artery) were measured at the bifurcation site. The anatomical relationship between the anterior interosseous artery and motor branches of the posterior interosseous nerve was investigated. An anterior interosseous artery pedicled bone flap was used in a 48-year-old woman with refractory ulnar nonunion. Results: There were two variations depending on whether the 2,3 intercompartmental supraretinacular artery branched off distally or proximally from the terminal motor branch of the posterior interosseous nerve. The proximal border of the graft was located at an average of 10.5 cm (range, 6.5-12.5 cm) from the distal end of the ulnar head in the distal type (57%) and 17.5 cm (range, 9.5-21.5 cm) in the proximal type (43%). In the clinical application, successfully consolidation was achieved 4 months post-surgery. The patient had not developed any postoperative complications until the 2-year postoperative follow-up. Conclusions: The anterior interosseous artery-pedicled, vascularized distal radius bone graft would be a reliable alternative solution for the treatment of an ulnar nonunion located within the distal one-third of the ulna.博士（医学）・甲第767号・令和3年3月15日© 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/micr.30566, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.30566. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions

Exact Error Bound of Cox-Rower Architecture for RNS Arithmetic

Residue Number System (RNS) is a method for representing an integer as an n-tuple of its residues with respect to a given base. Since RNS has inherent parallelism, it is actively researched to implement fast public-key cryptography using RNS. This paper derives the exact error bound of approximation on the Cox-Rower architecture which was proposed for RNS modular multiplication. This is the tightest bound ever found and enables us to find new parameter sets for the Cox-Rower architecture, which cannot be found with old bounds

肘の内外反変形に伴う尺骨神経の伸長度変化に関する生体力学的研究

Background: Cubital tunnel syndrome can be caused by overtraction and dynamic compression in elbow deformities. The extent to which elbow deformities contribute to ulnar nerve strain is unknown. Here, we investigated ulnar nerve strain caused by cubitus valgus/varus deformity using fresh-frozen cadavers. Methods: We used six fresh-frozen cadaver upper extremities. A strain gauge was placed on the ulnar nerve 2 cm proximal to the medial epicondyle of the humerus. For the elbow deformity model, osteotomy was performed at the distal humerus, and plate fixation was performed to create cubitus valgus/varus deformities (10°, 20°, and 30°). Ulnar nerve strain caused by elbow flexion (0–125°) was measured in both the normal and deformity models. The strains at different elbow flexion angles within each model were compared, and the strains at elbow extension and at maximum elbow flexion were compared between the normal model and each elbow deformity model. However, in the cubitus varus model, the ulnar nerve deflected more than the measurable range of the strain gauge; elbow flexion of 60° or more were considered effective values. Statistical analysis of the strain values was performed with Friedman test, followed by the Williams’ test (the Shirley‒Williams’ test for non-parametric analysis). Results: In all models, ulnar nerve strain increased significantly from elbow extension to maximal flexion (control: 13.2%; cubitus valgus 10°: 13.6%; cubitus valgus 20°: 13.5%; cubitus valgus 30°: 12.2%; cubitus varus 10°: 8.3%; cubitus varus 20°: 8.2%; cubitus varus 30°: 6.3%, P < 0.001). The control and cubitus valgus models had similar values, but the cubitus varus models revealed that this deformity caused ulnar nerve relaxation. Conclusions: Ulnar nerve strain significantly increased during elbow flexion. No significant increase in strain 2 cm proximal to the medial epicondyle was observed in the cubitus valgus model. Major changes may have been observed in the measurement behind the medial epicondyle. In the cubitus varus model, the ulnar nerve was relaxed during elbow extension, but this effect was reduced by elbow flexion.博士（医学）・甲第865号・令和5年3月15

肩鎖関節の安定性における肩鎖靭帯の役割 : 新鮮凍結屍体を用いた生体力学的研究

Background: Acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation is evaluated using the radiologically based Rockwood classification. The relationship between ligamentous injury and radiological assessment is still controversial. Purpose/hypothesis: To investigate how the AC ligament and trapezoid ligament biomechanically contribute to the stability of the AC joint using cadaveric specimens. The hypothesis was that isolated sectioning of the AC ligament would result in increased instability in the superior direction and that displacement >50% of the AC joint would occur. Study design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Six shoulders from 6 fresh-frozen cadavers were used in this study. Both the scapula and sternum were solidly fixed on a customized wooden jig with an external fixator. We simulated distal clavicular dislocation with sequential sectioning of the AC and coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments. Sectioning stages were defined as follows: stage 0, the AC ligament, CC ligament, and AC joint capsule were left intact; stage 1, the anteroinferior bundle of the AC ligament, joint capsule, and disk were sectioned; stage 2, the superoposterior bundle of the AC ligament was sectioned; and stage 3, the trapezoid ligament was sectioned. The distal clavicle was loaded with 70 N in the superior and posterior directions, and the magnitudes of displacement were measured. Results: The amounts of superior displacement averaged 3.7 mm (stage 0), 3.8 mm (stage 1), 8.3 mm (stage 2), and 9.5 mm (stage 3). Superior displacement >50% of the AC joint was observed in stage 2 (4/6; 67%) and stage 3 (6/6; 100%). The magnitudes of posterior displacement were 3.7 mm (stage 0), 3.7 mm (stage 1), 5.6 mm (stage 2), and 9.8 mm (stage 3). Posterior displacement >50% of the AC joint was observed in stage 3 (1/6; 17%). Conclusion: We found that the AC ligaments contribute significantly to AC joint stability, and superior displacement >50% of the AC joint can occur with AC ligament tears alone. Clinical relevance: The AC ligament plays an important role not only in horizontal stability but also in vertical stability of the AC joint.博士（医学）・甲第810号・令和4年3月15日© The Author(s) 2021. This open-access article is published and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - No Derivatives License (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits the noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction of the article in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. You may not alter, transform, or build upon this article without the permission of the Author(s). For article reuse guidelines, please visit SAGE’s website at http://www.sagepub.com/journals-permissions