健康・福祉の変遷から次世代育成についての考察

We cannot avoid an aging society. A community which is easy to live in for people of advanced years or for handicapped people is also comfortable to live in for everyone. Placing "a lesson from the elderly peoples power" on the origin of nursing care for them, we consider on some roles of higher education in order for the next generation to receive a proof of lives of them

ノルディックウォーキング初心者における運動中の心拍数と主観的運動強度

The purpose of this study was to investigate the heart rate responses and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) in beginners during nordic walk. Six women (age: 60.8±4.0 years) who have no experience of nordic walk participated in this study. Heart rate was measured in both the normal walk and the nordic walk for each 10 min and RPE was described by these subjects immediately after each walk. Average of heart rate was 105.8±11.6 beats/min during normal walk and 120.6±11.6 beats/min during nordic walk. There was significant difference in heart rate between normal walk and nordic walk (p<0.01), while the RPE score was almost equal between them. In the comparison with the time course of heart rate, we observed the rapid increase in heart rate for the first minute during nordic walk compared with the normal walk. These results suggest that the nordic walk was effective exercise for beginners. However, the heart rate in subjects during nordic walk increased rapidly compared with the normal walk. Therefore, it is important to recommend enough warming-up before nordic walk to beginners\u27nordic walker

DOCK2 is involved in the host genetics and biology of severe COVID-19

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19疾患感受性遺伝子DOCK2の重症化機序を解明 --アジア最大のバイオレポジトリーでCOVID-19の治療標的を発見--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-10.Identifying the host genetic factors underlying severe COVID-19 is an emerging challenge. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 2, 393 cases of COVID-19 in a cohort of Japanese individuals collected during the initial waves of the pandemic, with 3, 289 unaffected controls. We identified a variant on chromosome 5 at 5q35 (rs60200309-A), close to the dedicator of cytokinesis 2 gene (DOCK2), which was associated with severe COVID-19 in patients less than 65 years of age. This risk allele was prevalent in East Asian individuals but rare in Europeans, highlighting the value of genome-wide association studies in non-European populations. RNA-sequencing analysis of 473 bulk peripheral blood samples identified decreased expression of DOCK2 associated with the risk allele in these younger patients. DOCK2 expression was suppressed in patients with severe cases of COVID-19. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis (n = 61 individuals) identified cell-type-specific downregulation of DOCK2 and a COVID-19-specific decreasing effect of the risk allele on DOCK2 expression in non-classical monocytes. Immunohistochemistry of lung specimens from patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia showed suppressed DOCK2 expression. Moreover, inhibition of DOCK2 function with CPYPP increased the severity of pneumonia in a Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection, characterized by weight loss, lung oedema, enhanced viral loads, impaired macrophage recruitment and dysregulated type I interferon responses. We conclude that DOCK2 has an important role in the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of severe COVID-19, and could be further explored as a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target

The whole blood transcriptional regulation landscape in 465 COVID-19 infected samples from Japan COVID-19 Task Force

「コロナ制圧タスクフォース」COVID-19患者由来の血液細胞における遺伝子発現の網羅的解析 --重症度に応じた遺伝子発現の変化には、ヒトゲノム配列の個人差が影響する--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-08-23.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a recently-emerged infectious disease that has caused millions of deaths, where comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms is still unestablished. In particular, studies of gene expression dynamics and regulation landscape in COVID-19 infected individuals are limited. Here, we report on a thorough analysis of whole blood RNA-seq data from 465 genotyped samples from the Japan COVID-19 Task Force, including 359 severe and 106 non-severe COVID-19 cases. We discover 1169 putative causal expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) including 34 possible colocalizations with biobank fine-mapping results of hematopoietic traits in a Japanese population, 1549 putative causal splice QTLs (sQTLs; e.g. two independent sQTLs at TOR1AIP1), as well as biologically interpretable trans-eQTL examples (e.g., REST and STING1), all fine-mapped at single variant resolution. We perform differential gene expression analysis to elucidate 198 genes with increased expression in severe COVID-19 cases and enriched for innate immune-related functions. Finally, we evaluate the limited but non-zero effect of COVID-19 phenotype on eQTL discovery, and highlight the presence of COVID-19 severity-interaction eQTLs (ieQTLs; e.g., CLEC4C and MYBL2). Our study provides a comprehensive catalog of whole blood regulatory variants in Japanese, as well as a reference for transcriptional landscapes in response to COVID-19 infection

Hotel plan popularity factor analysis of hotels in the Keihanshin region

国連の世界観光機関にも認定されている観光業は，世界最大の成長産業である．我が国において観光は，日本の経済，人々の雇用，地域の活性化に大きな影響を及ぼすものであり，平成15年に政府は日本を「観光立国」と位置づけ，様々な施策を展開してきた．そのため，2015年の訪日外国人旅行者数は，過去最高であった2014年の1341万人をさらに上回り，1974万人（対前年比47.1%増）となり，3年連続で過去最高を更新し，同時に，統計を取り始めた1964年以降で最大の伸び率であった．その傾向は京都をはじめとする近畿圏でも同様で，2015年の実宿泊者数は大阪府，京都府，兵庫県でそれぞれ約2139万人，1269万人，1123万人となっている．特に京都市では，2015年7月，世界で最も影響力をもつ旅行雑誌の一つである『トラベル・アンド・レジャー』誌が行った読者投票「ワールドベストアワード2015」において，世界の人気都市を決める「ワールドベストシティ」ランキングで，2014年に続いて2年連続で1位に選ばれた．このことから，今後もより多くの観光客が国内外から京都市に訪れることが予想され，大阪や神戸にも多くの観光客が足を延ばす可能性がある．しかしながら，2015年の国内観光旅行目的の平均宿泊数は近畿圏で1.67泊にとどまっており，日本の各地域の観光業を発展させるには，宿泊者のニーズを的確に把握し平均宿泊数を増やしていくことが課題となっている．そこで，本研究では，分析対象として世界的な観光都市である京都をはじめ，近畿圏の主要地域である大阪，神戸のホテルの宿泊施設に焦点を当てた．各地域内の宿泊施設のホテルプランの日次の空室数と完売日数のデータを用いて，ホテルプランの売れ行きを表す指標として「購買率」を提案し，ホテルプランの購買要因を把握することを試みた．また，その際，ホテルプランのグルーピングにおいて非階層的クラスター分析の一つであるk‐means法を用いた．分析の結果，それぞれの地域においてホテルプランの売り上げの中に季節変動と曜日効果が発見され，曜日効果を除くことでホテルの人気プランに関して新たな知見が得られた．Tourism is recognized by the United Nations World Tourism Organization as the worlds’ largest growth industry. Tourism in Japan has a tremendous impact on the Japanese economy, including employment and regional vitalization. The Japanese government designated Japan as a tourism-oriented country in 2003 and has implemented various tourism promotion measures. For that reason, the number of foreign tourists visiting Japan reached a record-high of 19.74 million in 2015, marking a 47.1% increase over the previous record of 13.41 million set in 2014 and setting a new record for a third consecutive year. This rate of growth was the highest since 1964, when statistics were first compiled. The trend was similar in Kyoto and elsewhere in the Kinki region, where the number of lodgers in 2015 was approximately 21.39 million in Osaka Prefecture, 12.69 million in Kyoto Prefecture, and 11.23 million in Hyogo Prefecture. Of particular note is Kyoto City, which in July 2015 was voted No. 1 for a second consecutive year in the World’s Best Cities rankings in the World’s Best Award 2015 readers’ poll conducted by [Travel and Leisure], one of the world’s most influential travel magazines. This suggests that even greater numbers of tourists from home and abroad can be expected to visit Kyoto City in the future, and many tourists may make side trips to Osaka and Kobe as well. Nevertheless, the average number of overnight stays for the purpose of domestic tourism travel was only 1.67 nights for the Kinki region in 2015, and accurately identifying needs of overnight guests and increasing the average number of overnight stays is a key task for developing the tourism industry across Japan. Accordingly, in the present research we attempted to ascertain hotel plan purchasing factors by devising purchase rate as an indicator that expresses sales of hotel plans in each region by using daily data on the number of room vacancies and number of full occupancy days for hotel plans of hotels in each region, focusing analysis on hotels in Kyoto, a global travel destination, as well as those in Osaka and Kobe, major areas in the Kinki region. In our analysis, we used k - means, a non-hierarchical cluster analysis method, in hotel plan grouping. We discovered seasonal fluctuations and a day-of-the-week effect in hotel plan sales in each area and obtained new knowledge concerning hotel plan popularity factors by excluding the day-of-the-week effect.内容記述中の[Travel and Leisure]は斜体文

Mode of Action of Van-M-02, a Novel Glycopeptide Inhibitor of Peptidoglycan Synthesis, in Vancomycin-Resistant Bacteria▿ †

Van-M-02, a novel glycopeptide, was revealed to exert potent activities against Gram-positive bacteria, including vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA). A crude assay system was then used to study the mode of action of Van-M-02 as a peptidoglycan synthesis model of both vancomycin-susceptible and -resistant strains. The results suggested that Van-M-02 inhibits the synthesis of lipid intermediates irrespective of their termini. This inhibitory activity may contribute to the anti-VRE and anti-VRSA activities observed