Fabrication of (111)-oriented Ca0.5Sr0.5IrO3/SrTiO3 superlattices; a designed playground for honeycomb physics

We report the fabrication of (111)-oriented superlattice structures with alternating 2m-layers (m = 1, 2, and 3) of Ca0.5Sr0.5IrO3 perovskite and two layers of SrTiO3 perovskite on SrTiO3(111) substrates. In the case of m = 1 bilayer films, the Ir sub-lattice is a buckled honeycomb, where a topological state may be anticipated. The successful growth of superlattice structures on an atomic level along the [111] direction was clearly demonstrated by superlattice reflections in x-ray diffraction patterns and by atomically-resolved transmission electron microscope images. The ground states of the superlattice films were found to be magnetic insulators, which may suggest the importance of electron correlations in Ir perovskites in addition to the much discussed topological effects.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure

日本に於ける二酸化炭素泉療法の現況

Natural CO(2) springs have been scarcely utilized in Japan, whereas artificial CO(2) bathing has become popular by the introduction of CO(2) tablets and other apparatus for CO(2) water supply. Artificial CO(2) bathing is indicated for degenerative connective tissue disorders such as scleroderma, common stiff and painful shoulders, chronic joint pain, lumbago, and trophic changes due to insufficient peripheral circulation by virtue of the increase of tissue pO(2) and the improvement of tissue perfusion. Artificial CO(2) bathing promotes recovery from fatigue and is beneficial in women whose health has been adversely affected by cold.日本では，天然の二酸化炭素泉は殆ど利用されていない。一方，CO(2)錠剤，CO(2)給水装置が開発されて人工二酸化炭素泉がよく用いられるようになってきた。皮下組織の酸素分圧の上昇と組織循環の改善という好ましい生理作用により，結合織の退行性変化による慢性障害，すなわち強皮症，関節症，慢性関節痛，腰痛症，および末梢循環障害に伴う組織の栄養障害に適応がある。また，疲労回復を促進し，いわゆる冷え症に好ましく作用する

A case of malignant lymphoma of the small intestine

原発性小腸悪性リンパ腫は，術前診断が困難で予後が悪い，比較的希な疾患である。我我の症例は60歳の男性で，右下腹部痛にて来院し，急性虫垂炎の診断で手術を施行した。手術時，回腸末端部より10cm口側に潰瘍性病変を認め，クローン病を疑って回盲部切除を施行した。病理組織検査にて悪性リンパ腫，difuse，medium sized cell typeと診断され，広範回腸切除を含む右記結腸切除及び所属リンパ節郭清を行った。リンパ節転移は認めず，stage I，治癒切除と考えられた。術後7カ月現在，再発の徴候無く外来通院中である。本症は5年生存率22～40％と茅後の悪い疾患であるが，stage I・IIとstage III・IV，治癒切除と非治癒切除の生存率には明かな差があり，早期の診断と根治切除の重要性を示唆している。また本症は，緊急手術を要する場合や自験例のごとく急性虫垂炎の診断で手術を受けることが少なからずあると思われ，根治切除に確信のもてない場合は再手術をためらってはならないと考える。A 60 - year-old man complaining of right lower abdominal pain was sent to the operating room for acute appendicitis. The ileocoecal resection was performed for ulceration of the terminal ileum, which was diagnosed as an intestinal malignant lymphoma histologically. The case, therefore, was re-operated three weeks after the first operation. The right half of colon, and about 70 centimeters of ileum with their regional lymphnodes were resected. The case was revealed as the first stage of clinical classification by Naqvi et al. Up to the present time, 7 months after the first operation, there were no sIgns of reccurence. Intestinal malignant lymphoma somtimes has need to do an emergency oparation, and reoperation should be done without hesitation, if necessary

A case report of appendiceal calculus presented as abdominal tumor

虫垂結石は虫垂炎手術例の数％に見られるに過ぎないが，穿孔性腹膜炎などの重篤な炎症を招く可能性が高いことで知られている。自験例は41才の女性で，右下腹部腫瘤を主訴として来院した。画像診断で腫瘤は虫垂に連続し，内部に石灰化を認めたが，腫瘤が硬く，虫垂炎症状が軽微であったことから，虫垂原発腫瘍を疑い手術を行ったところ，虫垂膿瘍を併発した虫垂結石であった。本症が自験例のように触知可能な腹部腫瘤を形成することは比較的まれである。Appendiceal calculi are found in the only several percent of patients with appendicitis and have been known to be complicated in severe appendicitis or perforated peritonitis. We reported a 41-year-old female patient, whose initial symptom was right lower abdominal tumor of insidious growing. Abdominal examination revealed a small fist sized hard mass in the right lower abdomen with slight tenderness, and free of rebound tenderness and muscle defence. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography showed that the tumor had continuity with appendix and contained calcification inside. Accordingly, she was diagnosed to have an appendiceal neoplasm and operated on. Post-operative diagnosis was appendiceal abscess with a calculus, 1 centimeter in diameter. It is rare that appendiceal calculi manifest a palpable abdominal tumor like this case

High Mobility Group Box 1 Expression in Oral Inflammation and Regeneration

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a non-histone DNA-binding protein of about 30 kDa. It is released from a variety of cells into the extracellular milieu in response to inflammatory stimuli and acts on specific cell-surface receptors, such as receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, with or without forming a complex with other molecules. HMGB1 mediates various mechanisms such as inflammation, cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. On the other hand, HMGB1 enhances chemotaxis acting through the C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)12/C-X-C chemokine receptor (CXCR)4 axis and is involved in regeneration. In the oral cavity, high levels of HMGB1 have been detected in the gingival tissue from periodontitis and peri-implantitis patients, and it has been shown that secreted HMGB1 induces pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, such as interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, which prolong inflammation. In contrast, wound healing after tooth extraction or titanium dental implant osseointegration requires an initial acute inflammation, which is regulated by secreted HMGB1. This indicates that secreted HMGB1 regulates angiogenesis and bone remodeling by osteoclast and osteoblast activation and promotes bone healing in oral tissue repair. Therefore, HMGB1 can prolong inflammation in the periodontal tissue and, conversely, can regenerate or repair damaged tissues in the oral cavity. In this review, we highlight the role of HMGB1 in the oral cavity by comparing its function and regulation with its function in other diseases. We also discuss the necessity for further studies in this field to provide more specific scientific evidence for dentistry