セイカツ シュウカン ト コツソショウショウ : キジャクセイ コッセツ ノ ヨボウ

Osteoporosis is a chronic skeletal condition characterized by impaired bone strength and increased risk of fracture. This disorder causes notable morbidity, deterioration in quality of life （QOL）and mortality in the elderly due to associated with fragility fractures of the spine, hip and wrist. Moreover, the treatment of osteoporotic fractures is also associated with a huge economic cost for society. To avoid the fragility fracture, prevention of osteoporosis and fall down are of great importance. For that purpose, not only pharmacological therapy（mainly by antiresorptive medications） in middle-aged and elderly individuals but also non-pharmacological intervention through lifestyle modification will become important in adolescents and young adults from the early life. Lifestyle modification emphasizing bone health such as adequate calcium, vitamin D and vitamin K nutrition, restriction of caffeine and alcohol consumption, and avoidance of tobacco are essential to the management of osteoporosis risk. Balance and strength training also play important roles in the improvement of bone strength. Most of the risk and preventive factors of osteoporosis are common to those of other lifestylerelated diseases. Therefore, lifestyle modification emphasizing bone health from the early life will contribute to avoid not only fragility fracture but also other lifestyle-related diseases, and will contribute to maintenance or improvement of QOL

Seafood, Serum Liver Enzymes, PFOS and PFOA in Blood

Objective: Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) have been shown to accumulate in the human body. The purpose of the present study was to examine the factors associated with the blood levels of PFOS and PFOA. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 307 men and 301 women (aged 16−76 years) living in 15 prefectures in Japan. Blood levels of PFOS and PFOA were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Hepatic enzymes (γ-GTP, GOT, and GPT) and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (DHA and EPA) levels in serum were also measured. Associations between the levels of PFOS and PFOA in blood and the intake frequency of 41 kinds of dishes, foods and beverages and the serum levels of liver enzymes and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were examined using rank correlations. Results: Frequency of intake of boiled fish in broth, sliced raw fish and coastal fish showed significant positive correlations with PFOS concentrations in blood after adjustments for potential confounders. Serum levels of GOT, GPT, DHA and EPA showed significant positive correlations with PFOS and PFOA in blood. There was also a significant regional difference in the blood levels of PFOS and PFOA, with medians being highest in the Tokai/Hokuriku/Kinki region. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the concentrations of PFOS in blood were mainly associated with fish consumption and that the levels of PFOS and PFOA were associated with the serum levels of liver enzymes in Japanese populations. Further investigations are required to clarify the reason for the regional differences in blood levels of PFOS and PFOA in Japan

Seafood, Serum Liver Enzymes, PFOS and PFOA in Blood

Objective: Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) have been shown to accumulate in the human body. The purpose of the present study was to examine the factors associated with the blood levels of PFOS and PFOA. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 307 men and 301 women (aged 16−76 years) living in 15 prefectures in Japan. Blood levels of PFOS and PFOA were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Hepatic enzymes (γ-GTP, GOT, and GPT) and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (DHA and EPA) levels in serum were also measured. Associations between the levels of PFOS and PFOA in blood and the intake frequency of 41 kinds of dishes, foods and beverages and the serum levels of liver enzymes and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were examined using rank correlations. Results: Frequency of intake of boiled fish in broth, sliced raw fish and coastal fish showed significant positive correlations with PFOS concentrations in blood after adjustments for potential confounders. Serum levels of GOT, GPT, DHA and EPA showed significant positive correlations with PFOS and PFOA in blood. There was also a significant regional difference in the blood levels of PFOS and PFOA, with medians being highest in the Tokai/Hokuriku/Kinki region. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the concentrations of PFOS in blood were mainly associated with fish consumption and that the levels of PFOS and PFOA were associated with the serum levels of liver enzymes in Japanese populations. Further investigations are required to clarify the reason for the regional differences in blood levels of PFOS and PFOA in Japan

脳卒中片麻痺者におけるお尻を拭く動作の姿勢制御機構

A purpose of this study is I am biodynamical, and to make a posture control structure of the movement to wipe buttocks in the cerebral apoplexy hemiplegia clear. In addition, I limited the person of object because the obstacle image of the cerebrovascular accident was complicated. The support characteristics of paralysis side lower limbs are low this time, and monitor examines a person of sibgle paralysis of a necessary level in real movement. As a result, the characteristic of the movement to wipe buttocks was to control posture by letting a Trunk side moment and the hip joint extorsion moments of the side to wipe increase. It was to centralize a change of the working weight feeling in the non-paralysis side lower part, and it was it with a movement method to reduce unrest of the weight feeling to be concrete. In addition, I triggered it for braking for sagittal plane by generating a knee joint extension moment greatly at the same time. The movement of the cerebral apoplexy hemiplegia was different from the movement to unfold effectively of the physically unimpaired person and made much of safety most as things mentioned above

高校吹奏楽部所属学生の楽器練習における身体症状の発生状況 : 演奏楽器別での症状特性について

高校吹奏楽部所属の1～3年生160名に、楽器の練習が影響していると考えられる身体症状についてアンケート調査を実施した. 結果は、チューバ奏者の多くが腰痛を訴えていた. サックス奏者やチューバ奏者には顎関節の痛みが発生していた. サックス奏者やチューバ奏者ならびにパーカッション奏者では利き手側の手関節や手指関節に関節痛が集中していた. また、整形外科的症状以外にも、頭痛、めまい、過呼吸、耳なり、倦怠感などの内科的症状が多くの学生に発生していた. これらの症状が改善できないまま学生は練習を継続していることもわかり、予防や対処法を検討していく必要があると考える.I carried out questionary survey about the physical symptom that it was thought that the exercise of the musical instrument influenced 160 1-3 year students of the high school brass band club position. Most of tubists appealed to the result for low back pain. To a saxophone player and a tubist, the pain of the temporomandibular joint occurred. In a saxophone player and a tubist and the percussion players, arthralgia concentrated on a wrist and finger joint of the handedness side. In addition, as well as an orthopedic symptom, medical symptoms such as a headache, dizziness, hyperpnoea, ringing in the ears, the lassitude occurred to many students. The student practices being able to improve these symptoms and thinks that it is necessary to examine the prevention and actions to be taken

総合臨床実習における実習成績の分析

本学で使用する実習成績評価の信頼性を検証するとともに、実習成績結果から学生の特徴について明確にすることを目的とした. 実習成績評価は中項目、小項目ともにCronbachの α信頼係数は高値を示し、本学で作成した成績表の全ての項目内容は信頼性、内的整合性が保たれていることがわかった. Klaster分析によって実習成績別に良好群、中間群、不良群にわけることができた. 学生の特徴として、良好群は全ての中項目で60点以上の成績であった. 中間群は基本的態度、対人関係、対象者のオリエンテーションなどコミュニケーション能力に関係する中項目では60点以上の成績となっていたが、評価に関係する中項目においては60点を下回る成績であった. 不良群では全ての中項目において60点を下回る成績であった.As well as verify the authenticity of the grading clinical practice used by the University, we have intended to clarify characteristics of student results from grading clinical practice. Cronbach\u27s reliability coefficient α indicates the threshold in both middle items, small items, grading clinical practice, he was found to be maintained reliability, and internal consistency of the contents of all the items of the league table that you created in the university. I can be divided into good group, middle group, the poor control group performance by training by analysis klaster. The characteristics of the students, was a good group performance of more than 60 items of all. Intermediary group in the field, but had become a grade of at least 60 points in that relate to communication skills, such as orientation basic attitudes, interpersonal relations, of the subject, in the field he was a grade below 60 points in the related to the evaluation. Bad group it was 60 points lower than the results of all the items

Lumbar Fusion including Sacroiliac Joint Fixation Increases the Stress and Angular Motion at the Hip Joint: A Finite Element Study

Introduction: Adult spinal fusion surgery improves lumbar alignment and patient satisfaction. Adult spinal deformity surgery improves saggital balance not only lumbar lesion, but also at hip joint coverage. It was expected that hip joint coverage rate was improved and joint stress decreased. However, it was reported that adjacent joint disease at hip joint was induced by adult spinal fusion surgery including sacroiliac joint fixation on an X-ray study. The mechanism is still unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between lumbosacral fusion including sacroiliac joint fixation and contact stress of the hip joint. Methods: A 40-year-old woman with intact lumbar vertebrae underwent computed tomography. A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model was constructed from the L4 vertebra to the femoral bone with triangular shell elements (thickness, 2 mm; size, 3 mm) for the cortical bone's outer surface and 2-mm (lumbar spine) or 3-mm (femoral bone) tetrahedral solid elements for the remaining bone. We constructed the following four models: a non-fusion model (NF), a L4-5 fusion model (L5F), a L4-S1 fusion model (S1F), and a L4-S2 alar iliac screw fixation model (S2F). A compressive load of 400 N was applied vertically to the L4 vertebra and a 10-Nm bending moment was additionally applied to the L4 vertebra to stimulate flexion, extension, left lateral bending, and axial rotation. Each model's hip joint's von Mises stress and angular motion were analyzed. Results: The hip joint's angular motion in NF, L5F, S1F, and S2F gradually increased; the S2F model presented the greatest angular motion. Conclusions: The average and maximum contact stress of the hip joint was the highest in the S2F model. Thus, lumbosacral fusion surgery with sacroiliac joint fixation placed added stress on the hip joint. We propose that this was a consequence of adjacent joint spinopelvic fixation. Lumbar-to-pelvic fixation increases the angular motion and stress at the hip joint