5 research outputs found
Successful treatment with tocilizumab of pericarditis associated with rheumatoid arthritis
The Effect of High-concentration Insulin Glarigine on the Quality of Life of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Pre-post Study (HIGH-QOL STUDY)
Feasibility Study on Continuous Flow Controlled/Living Anionic Polymerization Processes
A practical microchemical
reaction system for keeping process flow
at defined conditions, which is one of the key issues of industrial
production, was developed. Controlled/living anionic polymerization
was chosen as a test reaction because the molecular weight and molecular
weight distribution of polymer products are quite sensitive to the
relative flow rate of an initiator solution and that of a monomer
solution. The polymerization of styrene in THF/hexane was carried
out using a flow microreactor system consisting of two T-shaped micromixers
and two microtube reactors using Smoothflow pumps at 0 °C. PolyÂ(styrene)
with higher molecular weight such as Mn > 10000 could be synthesized
using <i>s</i>-BuLi (Mn = 14 000, <i>M</i><sub>w</sub>/<i>M</i><sub>n</sub> = 1.11). <i>n</i>-BuLi could also be used as an initiator. The continuous operation
was performed for 3 h without any problems to obtain ca. 1 kg of the
polymer, indicating the feasibility of continuous flow processes for
controlled/living anionic polymerization on a relatively large scale
Long-term safety and efficacy of alogliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 3-year prospective, controlled, observational study (J-BRAND Registry)
Introduction Given an increasing use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors to treat patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the real-world setting, we conducted a prospective observational study (Japan-based Clinical Research Network for Diabetes Registry: J-BRAND Registry) to elucidate the safety and efficacy profile of long-term usage of alogliptin.Research design and methods We registered 5969 patients from April 2012 through September 2014, who started receiving alogliptin (group A) or other classes of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs; group B), and were followed for 3 years at 239 sites nationwide. Safety was the primary outcome. Symptomatic hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, skin disorders of non-extrinsic origin, severe infections, and cancer were collected as major adverse events (AEs). Efficacy assessment was the secondary outcome and included changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin and urinary albumin.Results Of the registered, 5150 (group A: 3395 and group B: 1755) and 5096 (3358 and 1738) were included for safety and efficacy analysis, respectively. Group A patients mostly (>90%) continued to use alogliptin. In group B, biguanides were the primary agents, while DPP-4 inhibitors were added in up to ~36% of patients. The overall incidence of AEs was similar between the two groups (42.7% vs 42.2%). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed the incidence of cancer was significantly higher in group A than in group B (7.4% vs 4.8%, p=0.040), while no significant incidence difference was observed in the individual cancer. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the imbalanced patient distribution (more elderly patients in group A than in group B), but not alogliptin usage per se, contributed to cancer development. The incidence of other major AE categories was with no between-group difference. Between-group difference was not detected, either, in the incidence of microvascular and macrovascular complications. HbA1c and fasting glucose decreased significantly at the 0.5-year visit and nearly plateaued thereafter in both groups.Conclusions Alogliptin as a representative of DPP-4 inhibitors was safe and durably efficacious when used alone or with other OHAs for patients with type 2 diabetes in the real world setting