Focal Mechanism and Parameter of Volcano-Tectonic Earthquake Source, in Mount Guntur, West Java

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.v6i1.111Guntur Volcano in West Java is one of the most active volcanoes in Indonesia. The last eruption took place in 1847 and the volcanic activity has been dormant since then, however its seismicity is active. During the period of July to October 2009, the hypocenter distribution of VT earthquakes is mostly located at western flank of the volcano, beneath Guntur - Gandapura craters at the depth of less than 5 km. The depth pattern shows deeper to the northwest. The VT earthquakes deeper than 5 km were not found in this period. The focal mechanism of VT earthquakes are oblique normal fault, strike-slip fault and oblique reverse fault types. The mechanism of those earthquakes is not uniquely determined probably due to complicated structures at Guntur volcano complex area, which is aligned in NW-SE direction. T-axis of the oblique normal fault is trending in northwest - southeast direction similar to the structures found in the summit area of Gunung Guntur Volcano. Similarly, one of the strike-slip fault nodal line and P-axis of oblique reverse fault are also trending in northwest - southeast. Ploting of the earthquake source parameters (seismic moment, corner frequency, and stress drop) made to hypocenter distance shows no significant difference on those parameters between earthquakes at close and far distances to Kabuyutan station. It is probably due to the hypocenters are not concentrated in one zone. Meanwhile, the relationship between seismic moment (Mo) and seismic source radius (r) shows that for earthquakes with moment of smaller than 1018 dyne cm, the radius of the hypocenter is constant which is namely 60 m

Traffic Accident Risk Analysis by Knowledge, the Use of Traffic Lane, and Speed

Traffic accidents are a health problem in both developed and developing countries including Indonesia. Number of traffic accidents each year has increased and traffic accidents in Indonesia is considered by WHO as the third biggest killer after coronary heart disease and tuberculosis. Most traffic accidents involving motorcyclists and the current junior high school students are also involved as a perpetrator of the accident. This study was conducted to determine the relationship of knowledge, the use of traffic lane and the driving speed with the incidence of traffic accidents in junior high school students motorcyclists. Type of research is analytic observational cross-sectional study design. The study population was all junior high school students in Wonokromo Surabaya in 2015. The number of respondents in this study of 100 respondents drawn from the population by using two stage cluster random sampling. The variables studied were knowledge, the use of traffic lane and the driving speed. Results of analysis using chi square test (α = 5%) indicate that knowledge (p = 0,027; RR = 1,966), the use of traffic lane (p = 0,005; RR = 1,894) and the driving speed (p = 0,017; RR = 1,941) has a significantly relationship to the incidence of traffic accidents to junior high school students motorcyclists in Wonokromo sub-district Surabaya 2015. Especially under age children of junior high school student are encouraged to not ride a motorcycle before age sufficient and have a driver's licence. Beside that, the role of parents to prevent underage motorcyclists is needed to support the efforts of the police and schools in minimizing the number of accident to reduce the number of junir high school student involved in a motorcycle accident

Persamaan Transfer Massa Pada Isolasi Trimiristin Biji Pala (Myristica Fragrance) Dan Aplikasinya Sebagai Aditif Masker

Buah Pala mengandung Trimiristin. Trimiristin adalah salah satu lemak yang bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai aditif untuk kosmetik. Trimiristin dalam biji pala dapat disiolasi dengan menggunakan metode maserasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui persamaan transfer massa trimiristin pada proses maserasi dalam pelarut kloroform, mengetahui hasil uji fisik masker yang sudah ditambahkan dengan trimiristin, yaitu uji viskositas dan pH. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah (1) Proses isolasi trimiristin di dalam kloroform dengan metode maserasi dengan variasi waktu 1 hari, 2 hari, 3 hari, 4 hari, dan 5 hari, hasil kemudian disaring, filtrat diuapkan dengan pemanasan pada suhu 65°C, dilanjutkan dengan proses rekristalisasi dan penentuan rendemen; (2) Penentuan persamaan transfer massa (3) Pembuatan sediaan masker dengan penambahan trimiristin, pengujian viskositas dan pH. Bertambahnya waktu maserasi sampai dengan titik tertentu meningkatkan rendemen trimiristin, nilai tertinggi adalah 5.2% (b/b) terdapat pada waktu maserasi 3 hari. Persamaan transfer massa yang menghubungkan antara konsentrasi trimiristin (CA) pada sumbu y dan waktu maserasi, t pada sumbu x adalah y = 0.614x – 7.191. Penambahan kristal trimiristin pada formula masker memberikan hasil pH yang sesuai dengan fisiologi kulit yaitu 5 dan viskositas memberikan sifat alir pseudoplastic

Penerapan Strategi Cooperative Script Dengan Media Komik Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas V Pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Di SD Negeri II Gedong Tahun Ajaran 2013/ 2014

The study aims to understand the students' learning motivation at Class V of the Indonesiancourse by applying a Cooperative Script strategy with comic media. It was aclass action research. The population included all the 17 students of the Class V at SDNegeri II Gedong Primary School. It consisted of two cycles. The data collection employedobservation and documentation. The technique of data analysis used a qualitativemethod with an interactive model, including data reduction, display data, and conclusion.The indicators were summarizing, listening, speaking, and expressing opinions.The class action research would be said to be successful if it met 80% of the indicatorsand 80% of the students achieved the KKM. The results of the study were summarizingat the early condition of 90.98%, cycle I of 74.51%, cycle II of 88.24%; listening at theearly condition of 50.98%, cycle I of 72.54%, cycle II of 90.20%; speaking at the earlycondition of 45.09%, cycle I of 64.71%, cycle II of 80.39%; and giving opinions at theearly condition of 43.20%, cycle I at 49.02%, cycle II of 80.39%. At the early condition,the students who achieved the KKM amounted to 9 people, at cycle I of 11 students, andat cycle II of 17 students (or 100%). At the cycle II, the students' motivation had achievedthe indicators. It could be concluded that applying a cooperative script strategy withcomic media could increase the students' Indonesian course

Pengaruh Rasio Pelarut Kloroform (V/v) pada Ekstraksi Trimiristin Biji Pala (Myristica Fragrans Houtt)

Buah Pala (Myristica Fragans Houtt) merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri dikenal dengan minyak pala. Trimiristin dapat digunakan sebagai minyak makan dalam makanan dan menyerap kotoran dalam sedian kosmetik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari pengaruh perbandingan jumlah kloroform dan bubuk biji pala terhadap rendemen trimiristin dan mengidentifikasi. Dalam penelitian ini diamati pengaruh variasi perbandingan bubuk biji pala dan jumlah kloroform 1:5, 1:7, 1:9, 1:11, 1:13 (v/v) dengan waktu ekstraksi 3 hari. Peralatan yang digunakan adalah wadah maserasi, dan hotplate. Metode analisa yang dilakukan adalah menghitung rendemen, mengidentifikasi trimiristin menggunakan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared). Variasi perbandingan kloroform dan bubuk biji pala menghasilkan rendemen kristal trimiristin 5,20%, 6,50%, 7,66%, 8,23%, 7,45%. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian dilakukan regresi terhadap rendemen kristal trimiristin maka didapatkan hasil persamaan y = -0,0655x2 + 1,2891x + 1,8369 dengan R2 = 0,9906. Dimana x adalah perbandingan jumlah kloroform terhadap bubuk biji pala dan y adalah rendemen. FTIR menunjukkan adanya gugus C=O pada bilangan gelombang 1734,69 – 1735,01 cm-1, gugus CH3 terdapat pada bilangan gelombang 1390,03 – 1390,16 cm-1, gugus CH2 terdapat pada bilangan gelombang adalah 1472,3cm-1 dan gugus C-H pada bilangan gelombang 2848,05 – 2953,09cm-1. Hasil ini menunjukkan gliserida. Trimiristin merupakan golongan trigliserida

Sintesis Senyawa Kompleks Kobalt dengan Asetilasetonato

Telah dilakukan sintesis dan karakterisasi senyawa kompleks kobalt(II) dengan ligan asetilasetonato. Karakterisasi senyawa kompleks hasil sintesis dilakukan dengan penentuan rendemen hasil sintesis, titikleleh, air kristal, kandungan logam, bobot molekul, jumlah ion, sifat magnet, serta identifikasi menggunakanspektrofotometer infra merah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen hasil sintesis senyawa komplekskobalt-asetilasetonato yakni 82,46% dengan titik leleh sebesar 160-162◦C. Air kristal yang terkandung dalamsenyawa kompleks sebesar dua mol/mol dengan kandungan logam kobalt didalam senyawa kompleks hasilsintesis sebesar 28,32%(b/b) dan berat molekul 192 g/mol. Senyawa kompleks hasil sintesis bersifat paramagnetik dengan tidak mempunyai ion. Vibrasi karbonil dari asetilasetonato pada senyawa kompleks hasil sintesismuncul pada bilangan gelombang 1500-1600 cm−1. Struktur senyawa kompleks hasil sintesis adalah Co(acac)2H2O