Les vulnérabilités numériques

International audienceThe development of digital technologies raises many hopes, but the digital environment reinforces some vulnerabilities while at the same time creating new ones. To illustrate this point, this contribution addresses the case of vulnerabilities between online platforms and user companies as well as the vulnerability of the persons concerned by the processing of personal data. Finally, decision support tools or exclusively automated tools are not without questions regarding transparency.Le développement des technologies numériques suscite de nombreux espoirs, mais force est de constater que l’environnement numérique renforce certaines vulnérabilités tandis qu’il en fait naître de nouvelles. Pour illustrer ce propos, cette contribution aborde le cas des vulnérabilités entre plateformes en ligne et entreprises utilisatrices, ainsi que la vulnérabilité des personnes concernées par un traitement de données à caractère personnel. Enfin, les outils d’aide à la prise de décision ou exclusivement automatisées ne sont pas sans poser des questions en matière de transparence

Pain in Patients with Post Paralytic Hemifacial Spasm: Before, during and after Botulinum Toxin Injections

It is well-established that botulinum toxin (BT) injections improve quality of life in patients with postparalytic hemifacial spasm. Nevertheless, injection-related pain and contracture-related pain have not yet been studied. The primary objective of our study was to evaluate injection-related pain in patients with facial palsy sequelae, and to compare the standard technique (syringe) with the Juvapen device. The secondary objective was to evaluate the improvement of contracture-related pain one month after BT injection. Methods: We conducted an observational, prospective, monocentric study based on 60 patients with facial palsy sequelae who received BT injections in our university ENT (ear, nose throat) department. There were 30 patients in the Juvapen group (J) and 30 in the standard technique group (ST). All patients completed Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) questionnaires immediately after the injections and one month later. Results: The average NRS score was 1.33/10 with Juvapen and 2.24/10 with the standard technique (p = 0.0058; Z = 2.75). In patients with contracture-related pain, the average NRS score was 3.53 before BT injection, and 0.41 one month after BT injection (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Juvapen is a less-painful injection technique than the standard one. BT reduces contracture-related pain one month after injection

La vulnérabilité

Le dossier thématique, intitulé « Vulnérabilités et droit », permet de s’interroger sur la prise en compte contemporaine de ce concept devenu désormais central dans différentes branches du droit tant français qu’européen et même interaméricain