Discriminant correspondence analysis.

<p>95% confidence intervals for age groups shown on factors 1 and 2. Lambda () and tau () are the eigenvalues and the percentage of explained inertia (i.e., variance) for a given factor (, ; , ). Confidence ellipses represent the variability within the group. Ellipses showing no overlap represent different populations. Note that in correspondence analysis, the eigenvalues are never greater than 1.</p

Frequency of occurrence of scoring categories by lesson type for the young elderly, middle elderly, and old elderly groups (contingency table input into dica).

<p>Frequency of occurrence of scoring categories by lesson type for the young elderly, middle elderly, and old elderly groups (contingency table input into dica).</p

Discriminant correspondence analysis.

<p>Participants shown by age group along Factors 1 and 2. Lambda () and tau () are the eigenvalues and the percentage of explained inertia (i.e., variance) for a given factor (, ; , ). All sub-figures are plotted on the same scale along each factor. (A) Barycenters (weighted average) of the groups, (B) Convex hull. The convex hull represents the average performance of individual participants within each age group. Individual participants were projected into the dica space as supplementary elements. Supplementary elements are variables or observations that were not included in the calculations, but were projected into the space to see their placement along the factors. Note that in correspondence analysis, the eigenvalues are never greater than 1.</p

Actual versus dica participant classification into young elderly, middle elderly, and old elderly groups.

<p>Note: Numbers in italicized print represent correctly classified participants.</p

Participant characteristics.

<p>Note: All scores from psychometric testing are represented as raw scores for the given subtest;</p>a<p>Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0036161#pone.0036161-Wechsler1" target="_blank">[110]</a>;</p>b<p>Wechsler Memory Scale III <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0036161#pone.0036161-Wechsler2" target="_blank">[111]</a>;</p>c<p>Trail Making Test <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0036161#pone.0036161-Reitan1" target="_blank">[112]</a>;</p>d<p>Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, 64 Card Version <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0036161#pone.0036161-Hart1" target="_blank">[113]</a>.</p

Eigenvalues (), proportion of inertia (), contributions of the age groups and scoring categories for Factors 1 and 2.

a<p>Note that in correspondence analysis, the eigenvalues () are never greater than 1.</p>b<p>Contributions are the proportion of variance of a given factor explained by the age group or scoring category.</p>c<p>Proverbial form for lesson 1 and lesson 2 combined due to similar profiles in previous versions of the analysis.</p>d<p>Representation of Theme was included as a supplementary element, therefore, it did not contribute to the explained inertia of the factors.</p

Scoring Criteria for lesson 1 and lesson 2 Lesson Responses.

<p>Y-O = Young elderly, M-O = Middle elderly, O-O = Old elderly;</p>a<p>Modified from Olness <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0036161#pone.0036161-Olness1" target="_blank">[29]</a>;</p>b<p>Scoring category included as supplementary variable in the dica analysis due to high frequency of accurate responses. A supplementary variable is one that was not included in the analysis, but was placed in the display to aid with interpretation of the factors.</p

The two intertwined rings corresponding to different type of temporal processing.

<p>The VSA ring (in blue) corresponds to high fidelity evoked processing and the PTF ring (in red) corresponds to more spontaneous processing more independent of input action potentials timing (from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0115913#pone.0115913-Mesmoudi1" target="_blank">[3]</a>). Cortical regions sampled by the Allen Institute for Brain Sciences (<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0115913#pone.0115913-Hawrylycz1" target="_blank">[7]</a>) are represented by spheres colored like their respective rings. Points in sulci are not visible.</p

DiCA analysis: regions factor scores histogram.

<p>We plot the histogram of the factor score values–obtained for the 394 regions by the DiCA analysis–as a function of the number of regions <i>a priori</i> assigned to the VSA (blue) or the PTF (red) ring.</p

Scatter plot of the gene factor scores of the discriminant dimension extracted by the DiCA analyses performed on the 161 genes measured on Specimens H0352001 (horizontal) and H0352002 of ABA.

<p>Each dot represents one of the 161 genes. The coefficient of correlation is equal to .90 (<i>r</i>² = .81, <i>p</i><.001).</p