90 research outputs found
Multiparty Politics in America (Second Edition
In the wake of Election 2000 and the Ralph Nader factor, this collection of original essays by leading political scientists examines the possibilities for and performance of minor parties in the American political system. Looking at the rise and fall of the Reform Party and the seeming upsurge in Green Party prospects, the authors present evidence and opinion about the viability of a multiparty system in the United States. New York party politics and congressional and state legislative elections add depth to our understanding of multiparty politics in action. A unique public opinion survey shows surprising variation in citizen\u27s attitudes toward minor parties and multiparty politics nationwide. Will minor parties flourish or flounder in the 2004 election season? This volume offers a variety of views that every voter should consider.https://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/multiparty_politics2/1000/thumbnail.jp
Multiparty Politics in America (First Edition)
In the wake of Ross Perot, Ralph Nader, and other third party and independent candidates that ran in the 1996 election, this collection of original essays by leading political scientists and third party officials is must reading for individuals interested in American politics. Multiparty Politics in America examines the roles that third parties have played in U.S. elections past and present and their prospects for the future. It presents unique and detailed coverage of the Reform, Green, and Libertarian parties\u27 goals and campaign strategies; discusses the kinds of reforms that would help them become more viable; and advances the debate over whether the U.S. should have a two-party or multiparty system.https://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/multiparty_politics1/1000/thumbnail.jp
AN EVALUATION OF MARYLAND'S NEW VOTING MACHINE
Four counties in Maryland used new touch screen voting machines in the 2002
elections, replacing their mechanical lever and punch card voting systems with
the AccuVote-TS touch screen voting machine manufactured by Diebold Election
Systems. The Center for American Politics and Citizenship (CAPC) and the
Human-Computer Interaction Lab (HCIL) at the University of Maryland conducted an
exit poll in Montgomery and Prince George's counties to evaluate the performance
of the new voting machines.
In this second of two reports prepared by CAPC and HCIL on the new voting
machines, we found that most voters like the new voting machines and trust them
to accurately record their votes. However, a significant number of voters still
have concerns about the new machines, many needed help using them, and some
continue to report technical problems with the machines. Voters who do not
frequently use computers or have not attended college had the most difficulty
using the machines.
Major Findings:
* Seven percent of voters felt that the touch screen voting
machine was not easy to use, compared to 93 percent who felt it was easy to use
or held a neutral opinion.
* Nine percent of voters did not trust the touch screen voting
machine, compared to with 91 percent who did. Only 70 percent trusted the
mechanical lever or punch card system they previously used.
* Three percent of voters reported encountering technical problems
with the new machines.
* Nine percent of the voters asked for and 17 percent received
assistance using the new machine.
* More than one-quarter of the voters who use computers once a
month or less received assistance using the voting machine.
* One-third of voters who have not attended college received
assistance using the voting machine.
* Voters in Prince George's County found the election judges to be
more helpful than did voters in Montgomery County.
Four counties in Maryland used new touch screen voting machines in the 2002
elections. Alleghany, Dorchester, Montgomery, and Prince George's replaced their
mechanical lever and punch card voting systems with the AccuVote-TS touch screen
voting machine manufactured by Diebold Election Systems. All 24 of Maryland's
counties will purchase AccuVote-TS voting machines by 2006.
The University of Maryland conducted an exit poll in Montgomery and Prince
George's Counties to assess the performance of the new voting machine. Our
sample included 1,276 respondents from 22 precincts in the two counties. The
response rate was 74.6 percent.
(UMIACS-TR-2002-107)
(HCIL-TR-2002-25
Electronic Voting System Usability Issues
With the recent troubles in U.S. elections, there has been a nationwide push to
update voting systems. Municipalities are investing heavily in electronic
voting systems, many of which use a touch screen. These systems offer the
promise of faster and more accurate voting, but the current reality is that they
are fraught with usability and systemic problems. This paper surveys issues
relating to usability of electronic voting systems and reports on a series of
studies, including one with 415 voters using new systems that the State of
Maryland purchased. Our analysis shows these systems work well, but have
several problems, and a significant minority of voters have concerns about them.
Keywords
Electronic voting systems, Direct Recording Electronic (DRE), voting usability.
(UMIACS-TR-2002-94)
(HCIL-TR-2002-23
Scantegrity Responds to Rice Study on Usability of the Scantegrity II Voting System
This note is a response to, and critique of, recent work by Acemyan, Kortum, Bryne, and Wallach regarding the usability of end-to-end verifiable voting systems, and in particular, to their analysis of the usability of the Scantegrity II voting system. Their work is given in a JETS paper [Ace14] and was presented at EVT/WOTE 2014; it was also described in an associated press release [Rut14]. We find that their study lacked an appropriate control voting system with which to compare effectiveness, and thus their conclusions regarding Scantegrity II are unsupported by the evidence they present. Furthermore, their conclusions are contradicted by the successful deployment experiences of Scantegrity II at Takoma Park
Scantegrity II Municipal Election at Takoma Park: The First E2E Binding Governmental Election with Ballot Privacy
On November 3, 2009, voters in Takoma Park, Maryland,
cast ballots for the mayor and city council members
using the Scantegrity II voting system—the first time
any end-to-end (E2E) voting system with ballot privacy
has been used in a binding governmental election. This
case study describes the various efforts that went into
the election—including the improved design and implementation
of the voting system, streamlined procedures,
agreements with the city, and assessments of the experiences
of voters and poll workers.
The election, with 1728 voters from six wards, involved
paper ballots with invisible-ink confirmation
codes, instant-runoff voting with write-ins, early and
absentee (mail-in) voting, dual-language ballots, provisional
ballots, privacy sleeves, any-which-way scanning
with parallel conventional desktop scanners, end-to-end
verifiability based on optional web-based voter verification
of votes cast, a full hand recount, thresholded authorities,
three independent outside auditors, fully-disclosed
software, and exit surveys for voters and pollworkers.
Despite some glitches, the use of Scantegrity II was
a success, demonstrating that E2E cryptographic voting
systems can be effectively used and accepted by the general public.United States. Dept. of Defense (IASP grant H98230-08-1-0334)United States. Dept. of Defense (IASP grant H98230-09-1-0404)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant no. CNS 0831149
The Clinton Presidency: the first term 1992-1996
The first Democratic president for twelve years, Williams Jefferson Clinton entered the White House on a note of optimism, pledged to give priority to economic policy and his domestic agenda of healthcare and welfare reforms. President Clinton - the 'Man from Hope' - faced what looked like a fresh opportunity to move ahead with legislation. The years of 'gridlock', whereby a president of one political party faced a Congress dominated by another, were over.In the event the presidency of these years faced major difficulties. Clinton had been elected on 43 percent of the vote, and Congressional Democrats, far from winning election on Clinton's coattails, were ahead of him in their constituencies. Working with Congress was a formidable task, especially with the heavy agenda of the economic recovery package, the North America Free Trade Agreement, health and welfare bills. Uncertainties abroad, from Somalia to Haiti, from Bosnia to Northern Ireland, added to the pressures on the White House.The first two years of the Clinton presidency were seen by observers as one of successes and missteps, of continued questions of character and political style, of wide fluctuations in the president's popularity and achievements. After November 1994, when the Republicans gained control of both chambers of Congress- the House of Representatives for the first time in forty years - the years of gridlock and confrontation seemed set to return with a vengeance.But two years later Clinton was reelected to a second term. The 'comeback kid' had shown once again his resilience, political abilities and refusal to accept setbacks. But it was a different Clinton: the centrist 'New Democrat' had moved to the right, accommodating to a Republic-driven domestic agenda. Contents Acknowledgement The Mountbatten Centre for International StudiesNotes on ContributorsThe Clinton Presidency: The Man and His Times; D.M.HillClinton and Congress; M.FoleyClinton and the Courts; T.YarbroughBill Clinton as a Party Politician and Party Leader: the First
Term; P.S.HerrnsonClintonomics; C.J.BaileyDomestic Policy; D.M.HillForeign Policy; T.HamesDefence Policy; G.H.QuestorReflections on Clinton's First Term; P.S.HerrnsonInde
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