15,031 research outputs found
Coupled DEM-LBM method for the free-surface simulation of heterogeneous suspensions
The complexity of the interactions between the constituent granular and
liquid phases of a suspension requires an adequate treatment of the
constituents themselves. A promising way for numerical simulations of such
systems is given by hybrid computational frameworks. This is naturally done,
when the Lagrangian description of particle dynamics of the granular phase
finds a correspondence in the fluid description. In this work we employ
extensions of the Lattice-Boltzmann Method for non-Newtonian rheology, free
surfaces, and moving boundaries. The models allows for a full coupling of the
phases, but in a simplified way. An experimental validation is given by an
example of gravity driven flow of a particle suspension
A low-temperature dynamic mode scanning force microscope operating in high magnetic fields
A scanning force microscope was implemented operating at temperatures below
4.2K and in magnetic fields up to 8T. Piezoelectric quartz tuning forks were
employed for non optical tip-sample distance control in the dynamic operation
mode. Fast response was achieved by using a phase-locked loop for driving the
mechanical oscillator. Possible applications of this setup for various scanning
probe techniques are discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to "Review of Scientific Instruments
Testing Lorentz Invariance by Comparing Light Propagation in Vacuum and Matter
We present a Michelson-Morley type experiment for testing the isotropy of the
speed of light in vacuum and matter. The experiment compares the resonance
frequency of a monolithic optical sapphire resonator with the resonance
frequency of an orthogonal evacuated optical cavity made of fused silica while
the whole setup is rotated on an air bearing turntable once every 45 s.
Preliminary results yield an upper limit for the anisotropy of the speed of
light in matter (sapphire) of \Delta c/c < 4x10^(-15), limited by the frequency
stability of the sapphire resonator operated at room temperature. Work to
increase the measurement sensitivity by more than one order of magnitude by
cooling down the sapphire resonator to liquid helium temperatures (LHe) is
currently under way.Comment: Presented at the Fifth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry,
Bloomington, Indiana, June 28-July 2, 201
Magnetization dynamics in dysprosium orthoferrites via inverse Faraday effect
The ultrafast non-thermal control of magnetization has recently become
feasible in canted antiferromagnets through photomagnetic instantaneous pulses
[A.V. Kimel {\it et al.}, Nature {\bf 435}, 655 (2005)]. In this experiment
circularly polarized femtosecond laser pulses set up a strong magnetic field
along the wave vector of the radiation through the inverse Faraday effect,
thereby exciting non-thermally the spin dynamics of dysprosium orthoferrites. A
theoretical study is performed by using a model for orthoferrites based on a
general form of free energy whose parameters are extracted from experimental
measurements. The magnetization dynamics is described by solving coupled
sublattice Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations whose damping term is associated
with the scattering rate due to magnon-magnon interaction. Due to the inverse
Faraday effect and the non-thermal excitation, the effect of the laser is
simulated by magnetic field Gaussian pulses with temporal width of the order of
hundred femtoseconds. When the field is along the z-axis, a single resonance
mode of the magnetization is excited. The amplitude of the magnetization and
out-of-phase behavior of the oscillations for fields in z and -z directions are
in good agreement with the cited experiment. The analysis of the effect of the
temperature shows that magnon-magnon scattering mechanism affects the decay of
the oscillations on the picosecond scale. Finally, when the field pulse is
along the x-axis, another mode is excited, as observed in experiments. In this
case the comparison between theoretical and experimental results shows some
discrepancies whose origin is related to the role played by anisotropies in
orthoferrites.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
New Young Stars and Brown Dwarfs in the Upper Scorpius Association
To improve the census of the Upper Sco association (~11 Myr, ~145 pc), we
have identified candidate members using parallaxes, proper motions, and
color-magnitude diagrams from several wide-field imaging surveys and have
obtained optical and infrared spectra of several hundred candidates to measure
their spectral types and assess their membership. We also have performed
spectroscopy on a smaller sample of previously known or suspected members to
refine their spectral types and evidence of membership. We have classified 530
targets as members of Upper Sco, 377 of which lack previous spectroscopy. Our
new compilation of all known members of the association contains 1631 objects.
Although the census of Upper Sco has expanded significantly over the last
decade, there remain hundreds of candidates that lack spectroscopy. The precise
parallaxes and proper motions from the second data release of Gaia should
extend down to substellar masses in Upper Sco, which will greatly facilitate
the identification of the undiscovered members.Comment: Astronomical Journal, in press; machine readable tables and fits
spectra available at http://personal.psu.edu/kll207/usco.ta
Discrete concavity and the half-plane property
Murota et al. have recently developed a theory of discrete convex analysis
which concerns M-convex functions on jump systems. We introduce here a family
of M-concave functions arising naturally from polynomials (over a field of
generalized Puiseux series) with prescribed non-vanishing properties. This
family contains several of the most studied M-concave functions in the
literature. In the language of tropical geometry we study the tropicalization
of the space of polynomials with the half-plane property, and show that it is
strictly contained in the space of M-concave functions. We also provide a short
proof of Speyer's hive theorem which he used to give a new proof of Horn's
conjecture on eigenvalues of sums of Hermitian matrices.Comment: 14 pages. The proof of Theorem 4 is corrected
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