Dinamika Kelompok Tani dan Pembangunan Hutan Rakyat di Kabupaten Serang Provinsi Banten

Keberhasilan pembangunan hutan rakyat (HR) yang telah dilakukan selama ini tidak terlepas dengan adanya kelompok tani. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) menganalisis organisasi dan aturan main kelompok tani,dan 2) menganalisis hubungan antara perkembangan kelompok tani dan perkembangan HR. Untuk menganalisis organisasi dan aturan main dalam kelompok tani, dilakukan menggunakan metode historical case studies of organization, sedangkan untuk menganalisis hubungan perkembangan Kelompok Tani Suka Maju dengan perkembangan HR di Desa Sindang Karya, digunakan metode Etnografis Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa struktur organisasi kelompok tani yang dibentuk sejak berdiri atau hasil Perubahan merupakan struktur organisasi sederhana sehingga memudahkan dalam pengambilan keputusan. Norma kelompok merupakan hasil dari musyawarah yang disepakati, dipahami dan dipatuhi oleh seluruh anggota, meskipun tidak dituangkan secara tertulis. Peran dan tanggung jawab pengurus dan anggota juga belum dituangkan dalam bentuk tertulis namun disampaikan pada saat musyawarah kelompok dan berjalan cukup baik. Kelompok tani yang beranggotakan 15 orang dibentuk pada tahun 2002 mengalami Perubahan pada tahun 2011 dan terus berkembang hingga tahun 2014. Perkembangan kelompok ditandai dengan makin berkembangnya jenis USAha, aset kelompok, dan luas lahan HR yang dikelola kelompok tani

Analisa Perbandingan Waktu dan Kecepatan Transfer pada Multi Protocol Label Switching (Mpls) dengan Virtual Private Network (Vpn) untuk Perpindahan Dokumen pada Jaringan Komputer

MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) technology has been developed and mostly used by the service provider on their main network. Data packets which forwarded from one router to another router can also use VPN (Virtual Private Network) technology. VPNs were developed in the field of computer networks now have many variants, such as MPLS VPN and VPN which connects between computers or a LAN through a public network is the internet. The purpose of this final task is build a lab scale VPN network with MPLS technology use Mikrotik router RB 750GL and create a VPN connection to the STTA campus network passing the public internet. Then do a comparative analysis of the time required and the speed of transfer on both the network. The results of a comparative analysis between MPLS and VPN with the same file capacity, it appears that the MPLS network is faster in time speed and transfer spee

Identifying Solar Flare Precursors Using Time Series of SDO/HMI Images and SHARP Parameters

We present several methods towards construction of precursors, which show great promise towards early predictions, of solar flare events in this paper. A data pre-processing pipeline is built to extract useful data from multiple sources, Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) and Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI), to prepare inputs for machine learning algorithms. Two classification models are presented: classification of flares from quiet times for active regions and classification of strong versus weak flare events. We adopt deep learning algorithms to capture both the spatial and temporal information from HMI magnetogram data. Effective feature extraction and feature selection with raw magnetogram data using deep learning and statistical algorithms enable us to train classification models to achieve almost as good performance as using active region parameters provided in HMI/Space-Weather HMI-Active Region Patch (SHARP) data files. Case studies show a significant increase in the prediction score around 20 hours before strong solar flare events

Tuning surface interactions on MgFe2O4 nanoparticles to induce interfacial hyperactivation in Candida rugosa lipase immobilization

Lipase adsorption on solid supports can be mediated by a precise balance of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. A suitable fine-tuning could allow the immobilized enzyme to display high catalytic activity. The objective of this work was to investigate how pH and ionic strength fluctuations affected protein-support interactions during immobilization via physical adsorption of a Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) on MgFe2O5. The highest amount of immobilized protein (IP) was measured at pH 4, and an ionic strength of 90 mM. However, these immobilization conditions did not register the highest hydrolytic activity (HA) in the biocatalyst (CRLa@MgFe2O4), finding the best values also at acidic pH but with a slight shift towards higher values of ionic strength around 110 mM. These findings were confirmed when the adsorption isotherms were examined under different immobilization conditions so that the maximum measurements of IP did not coincide with that of HA. Furthermore, when the recovered activity was examined, a strong interfacial hyperactivation of the lipase was detected towards acidic pH and highly charged surrounding environments. Spectroscopic studies, as well as in silico molecular docking analyses, revealed a considerable involvement of surface hydrophobic protein-carrier interactions, with aromatic aminoacids, especially phenylalanine residues, playing an important role. In light of these findings, this study significantly contributes to the body of knowledge and a better understanding of the factors that influence the lipase immobilization process on magnetic inorganic oxide nanoparticle surfaces.Fil: Morales, Andrés Hernán. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Hero, Johan Sebastian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Ledesma, Ana Estela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet Noa Sur. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos. - Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Centro de Investigación en Biofísica Aplicada y Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Maria Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Navarro, María C.. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Inorganica. Cátedra de Química Inorganica; ArgentinaFil: Gómez, María I.. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Inorganica. Cátedra de Química Inorganica; ArgentinaFil: Romero, Cintia Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentin

A Regularized Graph Layout Framework for Dynamic Network Visualization

Many real-world networks, including social and information networks, are dynamic structures that evolve over time. Such dynamic networks are typically visualized using a sequence of static graph layouts. In addition to providing a visual representation of the network structure at each time step, the sequence should preserve the mental map between layouts of consecutive time steps to allow a human to interpret the temporal evolution of the network. In this paper, we propose a framework for dynamic network visualization in the on-line setting where only present and past graph snapshots are available to create the present layout. The proposed framework creates regularized graph layouts by augmenting the cost function of a static graph layout algorithm with a grouping penalty, which discourages nodes from deviating too far from other nodes belonging to the same group, and a temporal penalty, which discourages large node movements between consecutive time steps. The penalties increase the stability of the layout sequence, thus preserving the mental map. We introduce two dynamic layout algorithms within the proposed framework, namely dynamic multidimensional scaling (DMDS) and dynamic graph Laplacian layout (DGLL). We apply these algorithms on several data sets to illustrate the importance of both grouping and temporal regularization for producing interpretable visualizations of dynamic networks.Comment: To appear in Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery, supporting material (animations and MATLAB toolbox) available at http://tbayes.eecs.umich.edu/xukevin/visualization_dmkd_201

First-Time Finds: Eight Rare Mushroom Species in Kurdistan's Wilderness

Seventeen mushroom species from fourteen genera were collected and identified from various locations, such as: Bardarash, Barzan, Erbil city center, Hiran, Mergasor, Shaqlawa, Khalefan, Tawska and Taqtaq. The following genus and species have been identified: Agaricus bisporus, A. campestris, A. incultorum, Coprinus comatus, Lycoperdon umbrinum, Amanita virosa, Panaeolus semiovatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Omphalina pyxidate, O. rosella, Phallus impudicus, Fomitopsis betulina, Ganoderma applanatum, Daedaleopsis confragosa, lactarius vellereus, Helvella leucopus and Bisporella citrina. Seven genera (8 species) of mushrooms were discovered for the first timein kurdistan region-Iraq, such as: Lycoperdon umbrinum, Amanita virosa, Omphalina pyxidate, O. rosella, Phallus impudicus, Daedaleopsis confragosa, Helvella leucopus and Bisporella citrina. The goal of this research is to investigate and identify wild mushrooms that naturally occur in the Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, in various areas and during various seasons

Milk-Borne Diseases

Milk is a rich source of vitamins, minerals, and other vital nutrients. Potassium, B12, vitamin D, and calcium are nutrients that are lacking in many foods. Milk is also a rich source of magnesium, zinc, vitamin A, and thiamine (B1). In addition to lactose and fat, milk is an excellent source of protein and contains numerous fatty acids, including conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and omega-3 fatty acids. The primary sources of pathogens in milk and dairy products are animals, human handlers, equipment in contact, environmental sources, and water used in preparation. However, milk borne diseases, since early time, played a principal role in public health. This chapter is divided into the following parts: mammary Glands, the phases of mammary gland secretion after birth, nutritive value of colostrum, nutritive value of milk, major sources of milk contamination, milk-borne diseases, techniques used in milk preservation, milk testing and quality control, prevention of milk-borne diseases, and conclusions