The effects of whole-body muscle stimulation on body composition and strength parameters: a PRISMA systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis set out to determine the efficacy of whole-body muscle electrostimulation on body composition, strength, and muscle power in active and non-active adults (aged ≥18 years). Method: This review was reported in accordance with the Protocol Statement of Preferred Reporting Element Guidelines for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis included controlled trials; whole-body electromyostimulation trials with at least 1 exercise and control group; participants >18 years old. Outcome measures were defined as standardized mean differences for muscle mass, body fat mass, strength, and power. Studies were searched in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and EMBASE for all articles published up to July 30, 2021. The risk of bias was assessed by 2 independent researchers using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach. Analyses were performed using the metafor package of the statistical software R (version 4.0.3; R Core Team, 2020). Random effects models, forest, and funnel plots to quantify the asymmetry associated with publication bias were fitted using the metafor library in R. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I 2 statistics. Results: In total, 26 studies representing 1183 participants were included (WB-electromyostimulation: n = 586 and control group: n = 597). The mean age of the participants ranged from a minimum of 20.4 to a maximum of 77.4 years old. Interventions lasted a minimum of 4 and a maximum of 54 weeks. Standardized mean difference was 0.36 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16–0.57) for muscle mass, −0.38 (95% CI: −0.62–0.15) for body fat, 0.54 (95% CI: 0.35–0.72) for strength, and 0.36 (95% CI: 0.02–0.71) for power with significant differences between groups (all P < .04). I 2 revealed low heterogeneity of muscle mass (15%) and power (0%) between trials and medium heterogeneity of body fat (45%) and strength (55%). Conclusion: We concluded that WB-electromyostimulation has significant positive effects on muscle mass, body fat, strength, and power.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of whole body vibration therapy on main outcome measures for chronic non-specific low back pain: A single-blind randomized controlled trial

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether a 12-week course of low-frequency vibrating board therapy is a feasible therapy for non-specific chronic low back pain, and whether it improves the main outcome measures. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Patients: A total of 50 patients with non-specific low back pain were included. They were randomly assigned to either a vibrating plate via reciprocation therapy group (n = 25) or a control group (n = 25). Methods: The 12-week vibration therapy programme consisted of a total of 24 training sessions (2 times/week, with 1 day of rest between sessions). Assessments of the main outcome measures for non-specific low back pain were performed at baseline and at 12 weeks. Results: In the vibration therapy group there was a statistically significant improvement, of 20.37% (p = 0.031) in the Postural Stability Index (anterior–posterior); 25.15% (p = 0.013) in the Oswestry Index; 9.31% in the Roland Morris Index (p = 0.001); 8.57% (p = 0.042) in EuroQol 5D-3L; 20.29% (p = 0.002) in the Sens test; 24.13% (p = 0.006) in visual analogue scale back; and 16.58% (p = 0.008) in the Progressive Isoinertial Lifting Evaluation test. Conclusion: A 12-week course of low-frequency vibrating board therapy is feasible and may represent a novel physical therapy for patients with non-specific low back pain

Association between Agility, Health-Related Quality of Life, Depression, and Anthropometric Variables in Physically Active Older Adult Women with Depression

Introduction. Depressive disorders are mental disorders that last over time, and seriously affect the lives of the people who suffer from them, diminishing their quality of life, reducing their motor capacity, and incapacitating them in their daily lives. It is a major problem worldwide. Objective. To study the association between agility, health-related quality of life (hrqol), anthropometric status, and depression status in older adult women with depression. Design. Data collected from 685 physically active older women with depression were analyzed. Result. A moderate inverse correlation (r = &minus;0.34) is shown between Time Up &amp; Go (TUG) and EuroQol Five-Dimensional Three-Level Version (EQ-5D-3L). Between TUG and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), there is a small direct correlation (r = 0.14) between them. Between TUG and anthropometric data, all observed correlations are significant. Conclusions. There is a significant association between agility, health-related quality of life, depression, and anthropometric data in physically active older women with depression

Increased Odds for Depression and Antidepressant Use in the Inactive Spanish Population

Introduction: Depression is a disabling mental illness and therefore also a serious public health problem. It affects 5% of the adult population in the world and is the leading cause of disability, with an annual cost of USD one trillion. In Spain, its prevalence is 13.4%, costing EUR 6000 million a year. Physical inactivity has been linked to an increase in depressive symptoms, with physical activity associated with an improvement in health-related quality of life. Objective: To calculate the odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR) of suffering from depression and taking antidepressants in the inactive Spanish population compared to groups with a higher level of physical activity. Method: 17,141 individuals aged 18&ndash;69 years residing in Spain and interviewed in the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey were included in this cross-sectional investigation. Results: Dependence relationships were found between the level of physical activity and the prevalence of depression and taking antidepressants (p &lt; 0.001). We found elevated ORs and RRs for depression and antidepressant use in inactive people compared to those with a high/very high level of physical activity (Depression: OR: 4.32. CI95%: 3.35&ndash;5.57. RR: 1.59. 95% CI: 1.51&ndash;1.68; Antidepressants: OR: 4.95. CI95%: 3.59&ndash;6.82. RR: 1.61. CI95%: 1.52&ndash;1.71). Conclusions: Belonging to an inactive population group increases the risk of suffering from depression and of taking antidepressants

Physical Activity and Prevalence of Depression and Antidepressants in the Spanish Population

Introduction: Depression is a mental disorder that affects more than 250 million people in the world, limiting their functional capacities. The work of public health policies is aimed at reducing its prevalence as well as its pharmaceutical cost. Physical activity (PA) programs are interventions with a high potential for effectiveness. Objectives: To establish the relationships between physical activity and the prevalence of depression and antidepressant intake in the Spanish population. Design: We performed a correlational study that was based on data from the European Health Survey Spain 2020 with 20,287 participants, aged 18&ndash;84 years, living in Spain. Results: Dependency relationships were found between the prevalence of depression, and: the frequency of PA, the number of days of PA per week, and the number of days of muscle strengthening in the population, in both sexes, and in all age groups (p &lt; 0.001). Dependency relationships were found between the three PA variables and the prevalence of taking antidepressants (p &lt; 0.001). An elevated prevalence of depression and antidepressant taking were found in the inactive groups compared to those who performed PA (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: There is an inverse relationship between physical activity and the probability of suffering from depression and the intake of antidepressants. Performing PA 3&ndash;4 days/week, including 1&ndash;2 days of strength work, could be the best proposal to reduce the prevalence of depression in the Spanish population