SUSTAINABLE RETROFITTING OF DWELLINGS IN BRUSSELS CAPITAL REGION: FIVE SCENARIOS OF EVOLUTION USING A MULTI-SCALE AND -CRITERIA PRE-ASSESSMENT TOOL

peer reviewedIn the next decades, most of the energy consumption of the building sector in Europe will be due to the buildings that exist today. The present paper presents the first results obtained by a web-based tool developed to enable a clear visualisation of existing dwelling stock in Brussels Capital Region and to help major stakeholders and public institutions of the region to define their strategies to retrofit the dwellings built before 1945. The tool is structured with six different scales and the characterisation of building stock is based on a set of criteria focused on three main topics: energy, environment and heritage value. Existing dwellings are grouped in seven different types and each type can be retrofitted in a specific manner (envelope, systems and number of dwellings per building). This paper presents and compares five scenarios of evolution of the dwelling stock. This tool can only be used to analyse Brussels Capital Region for the moment, but the methodology can be applied to other regions in the world. Enlarging the scope of this tool will help to meet the environmental, social and economic challenges of the contemporary world and to foster the transition of building sector towards a sustainable development

Comparative analysis of /kwa/ fish sounds recorded during an early ecoacoustics experiment in a Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadow (Ustica Island, 1999)

Passive acoustics enables studying marine habitats thanks to the sound production of their inhabitants. A key question is: “Can fish sounds be used as environmental proxies?” Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile 1813 seagrass meadows constitute an important ecosystem of the Mediterranean Sea which protects many species of invertebrates and fishes, some of which producing sounds with distinctive features. An arched frequency modulation centred at 747 Hz which aurally sounds like /kwa/ is being investigated as an environmental proxy (Raick et al. 2017). Remarkably, these sounds were already noted as a distinctive feature of the soundscape recorded during an early acoustic ecology experiment, USTICA 99, which measured simultaneously photosynthetic gaseous exchange and fish migration at the scale of a Posidonia meadow (Hermand 2003). We revisit that dataset to describe the specific characteristics and variability of the early recorded /kwa/ sounds and make a comparison with our recent study carried out in France about 500 km north of the Sicilian Island and 15 years later. The sounds have been analysed both individually and all together, i.e., considering the entire choruses. Our comparative analysis based on a dictionary confirms a high homogeneity of the /kwa/’s but with little variations which are examined in detail

La tomographie acoustique océanique: Technique du passé ou de l'avenir?

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

La tomographie acoustique océanique: Technique du passé ou de l'avenir?

The concept of basin scale ocean acoustic tomography, born thirty years ago, generated a strong enthusiasm in late twentieth century. This enthusiasm fall as the concept did not led to operational applications. Since a decade the interest for coastal areas, either for civilian or military applications rose again with the new concepts of rapid environmental assessment and coastal tomography, active and discrete. What are the expected evolutions in the short and medium terms of these concepts? This paper explores some future developments for concept and systems of maritime tomography.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Plasmodium falciparum proteins involved in cytoadherence of infected erythrocytes to chemokine CX3CL1

International audienceMalaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is associated with cytoadherence of infected red blood cells (iRBC) to endothelial cells. Numerous host molecules have been involved in cytoadherence, including the adhesive chemokine CX3CL1. Most of the identified parasite ligands are from the multigenic and hypervariable Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) family which makes them poor targets for the development of a broadly protective vaccine. Using proteomics, we have identified two 25-kDa parasite proteins with adhesive properties for CX3CL1, called CBP for CX3CL1 Binding Proteins. CBPs are coded by single-copy genes with little polymorphic variation and no homology with other P. falciparum gene products. Specific antibodies raised against epitopes from the predicted extracellular domains of each CBP efficiently stain the surface of RBC infected with trophozoites or schizonts, which is a strong indication of CBP expression at the surface of iRBC. These anti-CBP antibodies partially neutralize iRBC adherence to CX3CL1. This adherence is similarly inhibited in the presence of peptides from the CBP extracellular domains, while irrelevant peptides had no such effect. CBP1 and CBP2 are new P. falciparum ligands for the human chemokine CX3CL1. The identification of this non-polymorphic P. falciparum factors provides a new avenue for innovative vaccination approaches

Modelling of ambient noise created by a shipping lane to prepare passive inversion, application to Ushant case

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

SUSTAINABLE RETROFITTING OF DWELLINGS IN BRUSSELS CAPITAL REGION: FIVE SCENARIOS OF EVOLUTION USING A MULTI-SCALE AND -CRITERIA PRE-ASSESSMENT TOOL

In the next decades, most of the energy consumption of the building sector in Europe will be due to the buildings that exist today. The present paper presents the first results obtained by a web-based tool developed to enable a clear visualisation of existing dwelling stock in Brussels Capital Region and to help major stakeholders and public institutions of the region to define their strategies to retrofit the dwellings built before 1945. The tool is structured with six different scales and the characterisation of building stock is based on a set of criteria focused on three main topics: energy, environment and heritage value. Existing dwellings are grouped in seven different types and each type can be retrofitted in a specific manner (envelope, systems and number of dwellings per building). This paper presents and compares five scenarios of evolution of the dwelling stock. This tool can only be used to analyse Brussels Capital Region for the moment, but the methodology can be applied to other regions in the world. Enlarging the scope of this tool will help to meet the environmental, social and economic challenges of the contemporary world and to foster the transition of building sector towards a sustainable development

La question européenne dans les organisations

Le dossier intitulé « La question européenne dans les organisations » analyse comment « l’Europe » se donne à voir, non seulement par le canal d’institutions communautaires mais aussi par le canal d’organisations diverses qui mobilisent le thème européen en fonction de leurs intérêts. Comment l’identité européenne se définit-elle dans le contexte des demandes d’adhésion et d’élargissement ? Que nous apprend la circulation de l’expression « criminalité transfrontalière » à une époque où les enjeux sécuritaires sont prégnants dans les politiques européennes ? Comment les dispositifs numériques déploient-ils diverses figures des publics de la communication européenne ? Quelle stratégie collective l’industrie du cinéma indépendant européen tente-t-elle de construire ? Comment les sites web de musées à vocation européenne construisent-ils leur univers sémantique ? Comment les téléspectateurs d’un média paneuropéen s’engagent-ils dans la sphère publique européenne ? De quelle manière la protestation antinucléaire française s’articule-t-elle à la protestation à l’échelle européenne ? Autant de questions auxquelles les auteurs répondent en articulant les dimensions stratégique et organisationnelle aux dimensions discursives et symboliques.Hors dossier, trois articles complémentaires s’intéressent aux coulisses du Centre de contact Europe direct à Bruxelles, aux engagements interdisciplinaires du Centre d’études européennes à Turin et aux perspectives de recherches en communication européenne proposées par la coordinatrice du Laboratoire de recherche sur l’Europe sociale à Bucarest

Rhétorique, poétique et stylistique

L’intérêt pour la rhétorique a bénéficié au xxe siècle de l’impulsion donnée par l’épanouissement des sciences du langage. Libérée de la réputation sinon suspecte, du moins poussiéreuse qui avait longtemps été la sienne, la rhétorique a été reconsidérée à nouveaux frais dans les dernières décennies comme un objet protéiforme, à la fois art et science, un métalangage aux potentialités multiples. Si l’étude de la rhétorique antique, en Grèce et à Rome, est bien connue des chercheurs, son héritage au Moyen Âge et à la Renaissance méritait qu’un examen plus approfondi lui fût consacré. Le retour en grâce de la rhétorique a en effet largement profité à l’étude des textes de l’Antiquité et de l’âge classique, mais les époques médiévale et humaniste sont quelque peu restées en retrait. Durant ces périodes, la rhétorique a pourtant été un ferment vivifiant pour toute la tradition stylistique et poétique latine, et cela est sensible tant à travers les réflexions théoriques qu’à la lumière de la pratique même des écrivains. Il importait de faire le point sur le sujet : telle est l’ambition de cet ouvrage