Sintesis Film Tipis Tembaga Oksida dengan Metode Sol-gel Dip-Coating sebagai Solar Selective Absorber

Solar selective absorber (SSA) is a thin film at the surface of the collector that absorbs solar radiation selectively and convert it into maximum heat energy. Solar selective absorber can be synthesized using sol-gel dip-coating method. The purpose of this research is to know the effect variation number of dipping-drying cycles to absorptance copper oxyde coating. Piecesof aluminum with size 2cm x 4cm were cleaned using a solution of phosphoric acid 10% at temperature 50oC for 10 minutes. Sol precursor prepared by disolved copper nitrate trihidrate and propionic acid in ethanol. The sol prekursor was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature. The coating was synthesized with 0.3M and the number of dipping-drying cycles 4x, 6x and 8x, then annealed at temperature 550 oC for 1 hour. The results showed that thehighest absorptance value found in coatings which was synthesized using copper oxyde 0.3M at 8x cycles with absorptance (α) = 71.99%, emitance (ε) = 6.63%, XRD test showed of cupric oxide (CuO)

Pengaruh Waktu Tinggal Hidrolik terhadap Penyisihan Padatan pada Pengolahan Sludge Ipal Pulp And Paper Menggunakan Bioeraktor Hibrid Anaerobik

The increasing of pulp and paper industry in Indonesia had brought environmental problems which caused by Sludge waste pollution. The characteristic the wastewater treatment of pulp and paper sludge includes TS (Total Solid) 7.6 gr/L; TVS (Total Volatile Solid) 7,4 gr/L; TSS (Total Suspended Solid) 6,0 gr/L; and VSS (Volatile Suspended Solid) 5,9 gr/L. The impact will potential if the solid contents were threw away into the water because the materials of the solid containts can became pollute in environtment. This research with treat the wastewater treatment of pulp and paper\u27s sludge using a hybrid anaerobic bioreactor with stoned-media to see the effect of hydraulic retention time 5, 4, 3, 2, and 1 days. The results of this research showed that the longer of hydraulic retention time is given, then the greater of solid elimination efficiency. The highest solids elimination efficiency can be found on hydraulic retention time 5 days. The value of TS (44.03%), TVS (83.06%), TSS (68.85%), and VSS (95.25%). The performance by hybrid anaerobic in wastewater treatment sludge has been good, in lowering the solids content parameters

Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Goreng Bekas (Jelantah) Menggunakan Reaktor Menbran (Variasi Rasio Molar Umpan dan Konsentrasi Katalis)

Membrane reactor is an alternative technology that is used in the manufacture of biodiesel, one of the advantages that the reaction and separation process takes place in a single stage simultaneous. This research aims to study the effect of the variation of the catalyst and mole ratio feed waste cooking oil- methanol in biodiesel production, transesterification process which was held in a membrane reactor with a variation of the mole ratio of waste cooking oil - methanol 1:12, 1:16, and 1:20, the concentration of the base catalyst 1% -wt, 1.5% -wt and 2% -wt, pressure transmembrane 2 bar and a temperature of 60 oC process. The results showed biodiesel production using membrane reactor reached 94.81% yield on the condition of the mole ratio of 1:16 with a concentration of 2 %-wt, characteristics of biodiesel produced meets the quality standards of biodiesel in Indonesia including biodiesel, densityis 850-873 kg/m3, viscosity cinematic of biodiesel 5.12-5.97 mm2/s, Flash Point 150-160 °C, Acid Number 0.55 to 0.64 mg-KOH/g

Pengaruh Siklus Pencelupan-Pengeringan pada Pembuatan Film Tipis Tembaga Oksida Berbasis Nitrat dengan Konsentrasi 0,4M sebagai Solar Selektif Absorber

Solar Selective Absorber (SSA) is a thin film at the coating surface of the collector that absorbs solar radiation selectively and convert it into maximum heat energy. Solar selective absorber can be synthesized using sol-gel dip-coating method. The purpose of research is to synthesize the thin film of copper oxide solar selective absorber from copper nitrate precursor using sol-gel dip coating methode, to know the influence dipping-drying cycle variation to absorptance value. Pieces of aluminum with size 2x4x0.5cm were cleaned using a solution of phosphoric acid 10% at temperature 50oC for 10 minutes. Sol precursor was prepared by disolved copper nitrate trihidrate 0,4M and propio nic acid in ethanol. The sol prekursor was stirred for 2 hours at room temperature. The coating was synthesized by varying the number of dipping-drying cycles 1x, 2x, 3x, 4x, 6x, 8x and 10x, then annealed at temperature 550 ºC for 1 hour. Reflektance spectra in the area of UV-Vis-NIR show that increased cycles of dip-coating increase the value of absorptance (α). The results showed that the highest absorptance value found in coatings which was synthesized using copper oxyde 0.4M at 10x cycles with absorptance (α) = 74.32%