1,228 research outputs found
Magnons versus electrons in thermal spin transport through metallic interfaces
We develop a theory for spin transport in magnetic metals that treats the
contribution of magnons and electrons on equal footing. As an application we
consider thermally-driven spin injection across an interface between a magnetic
metal and a normal metal, i.e., the spin-dependent Seebeck effect. We show that
the ratio between magnonic and electronic contribution scales as
, with the Fermi temperature and the Curie
temperature . Since, typically, , the magnonic contribution
may dominate the thermal spin injection, even though the interface is more
transparent for electronic spin current.Comment: Contribution to the Special issue on Spincaloritronics in Journal of
Physics D: Applied Physic
Effects of hole self-trapping by polarons on transport and negative bias illumination stress in amorphous-IGZO
The effects of hole injection in amorphous-IGZO is analyzed by means of
first-principles calculations. The injection of holes in the valence band tail
states leads to their capture as a polaron, with high self-trapping energies
(from 0.44 to 1.15 eV). Once formed, they mediate the formation of peroxides
and remain localized close to the hole injection source due to the presence of
a large diffusion energy barrier (of at least 0.6eV). Their diffusion mechanism
can be mediated by the presence of hydrogen. The capture of these holes is
correlated with the low off-current observed for a-IGZO transistors, as well
as, with the difficulty to obtain a p-type conductivity. The results further
support the formation of peroxides as being the root cause of Negative bias
illumination stress (NBIS). The strong self-trapping substantially reduces the
injection of holes from the contact and limits the creation of peroxides from a
direct hole injection. In presence of light, the concentration of holes
substantially rises and mediates the creation of peroxides, responsible for
NBIS.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, to be published in Journal of Applied Physic
Long dephasing time and high temperature ballistic transport in an InGaAs open quantum dot
We report on measurements of the magnetoconductance of an open circular
InGaAs quantum dot between 1.3K and 204K. We observe two types of
magnetoconductance fluctuations: universal conductance fluctuations (UCFs), and
'focusing' fluctuations related to ballistic trajectories between openings. The
electron phase coherence time extracted from UCFs amplitude is larger than in
GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dots and follows a similar temperature dependence (between
T^-1 and T^-2). Below 150K, the characteristic length associated with
'focusing' fluctuations shows a slightly different temperature dependence from
that of the conductivity.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, proceedings of ICSNN2002, to appear in Physica
Thermoelectricity in Nanowires: A Generic Model
By employing a Boltzmann transport equation and using an energy and size
dependent relaxation time () approximation (RTA), we evaluate
self-consistently the thermoelectric figure-of-merit of a quantum wire
with rectangular cross-section. The inferred shows abrupt enhancement in
comparison to its counterparts in bulk systems. Still, the estimated for
the representative BiTe nanowires and its dependence on wire parameters
deviate considerably from those predicted by the existing RTA models with a
constant . In addition, we address contribution of the higher energy
subbands to the transport phenomena, the effect of chemical potential tuning on
, and correlation of with quantum size effects (QSEs). The obtained
results are of general validity for a wide class of systems and may prove
useful in the ongoing development of the modern thermoelectric applications.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures; Dedicated to the memory of Amirkhan Qezell
Cyclotron motion and magnetic focusing in semiconductor quantum wells with spin-orbit coupling
We investigate the ballistic motion of electrons in III-V semiconductor
quantum wells with Rashba spin-orbit coupling in a perpendicular magnetic
field. Taking into account the full quantum dynamics of the problem, we explore
the modifications of classical cyclotron orbits due to spin-orbit interaction.
As a result, for electron energies comparable with the cyclotron energy the
dynamics are particularly rich and not adequately described by semiclassical
approximations. Our study is complementary to previous semiclassical approaches
concentrating on the regime of weaker fields.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures included, version to appear in Phys. Rev.
Magnon-drag thermopower and Nernst coefficient in Fe, Co, and Ni
Magnon-drag is shown to dominate the thermopower of elemental Fe from 2 to 80
K and of elemental Co from 150 to 600 K; it is also shown to contribute to the
thermopower of elemental Ni from 50 to 500 K. Two theoretical models are
presented for magnon-drag thermopower. One is a hydrodynamic theory based
purely on non-relativistic, Galilean, spin-preserving electron-magnon
scattering. The second is based on spin-motive forces, where the thermopower
results from the electric current pumped by the dynamic magnetization
associated with a magnon heat flux. In spite of their very different
microscopic origins, the two give similar predictions for pure metals at low
temperature, allowing us to semi-quantitatively explain the observed
thermopower of elemental Fe and Co without adjustable parameters. We also find
that magnon-drag may contribute to the thermopower of Ni. A spin-mixing model
is presented that describes the magnon-drag contribution to the Anomalous
Nernst Effect in Fe, again enabling a semi-quantitative match to the
experimental data without fitting parameters. Our work suggests that particle
non-conserving processes may play an important role in other types of drag
phenomena, and also gives a predicative theory for improving metals as
thermoelectric materials.Comment: main text plus 7 figures; accepted in PRB September 201
Atomic layer deposition of titanium nitride for quantum circuits
Superconducting thin films with high intrinsic kinetic inductance are of
great importance for photon detectors, achieving strong coupling in hybrid
systems, and protected qubits. We report on the performance of titanium nitride
resonators, patterned on thin films (9-110 nm) grown by atomic layer
deposition, with sheet inductances of up to 234 pH/square. For films thicker
than 14 nm, quality factors measured in the quantum regime range from 0.4 to
1.0 million and are likely limited by dielectric two-level systems.
Additionally, we show characteristic impedances up to 28 kOhm, with no
significant degradation of the internal quality factor as the impedance
increases. These high impedances correspond to an increased single photon
coupling strength of 24 times compared to a 50 Ohm resonator, transformative
for hybrid quantum systems and quantum sensing.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures including supplemental material
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