A Cultural Feminism Analysis of Modern Sinhala Poetry of Female Poets Revealed on the Female Cultural Oppression: Resourcing from Poetry of Anuradha Nilmini, Suharshani Dharmarathna and Vipuli Hettiarachchi

Feminism is an expression of female agony and exhibiting their oppression. In modern poets too, female poets exhibit the expression of female agony through their creations. Those female poets try to express the oppression they experienced and all the females as whole through female ideologies. The main focus of this study is the modern female poets are being culturally oppressed. The difference of femininity is inherited from naturally and the gender has been created by the patriarchal culture. Religion, Customs, Marriage, Morals, the system of ownership, Industries are the incidental elements that subjected to suffer culturally according to the female poets represent through radical poetries. According to the modern female poets that are expressed through their creations, females are suffered physically and mentally than ideology suffering. This research studies how the females are suffered from culturally by selected poetries written on modern poets Anuradha Nilmini, Suharshani Dharmarathna and Vipuli Hettiarachchi. This study is qualitative and selected primary recourses as poets of Anuradha Nilmini, Suharshani Dharmarathna and Vipuli Hettiarachchi. And, as secondary resources this research uses literal articles and books that are written under the feminism, culture and female cultural oppression by modern female poets.DOI: http://doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v05i01.0

Investigation of the agricultural resources in Sri Lanka

The author has identified the following significant results. Several in-house capabilities were developed. The facilities to prepare color composites of excellent quality were developed, using bulk B/W 70 mm transparencies or 1:1,000,000 positive transparencies. These color composites were studied through optical devices on light tables. A zoom transfer scope was also added, enabling direct transfer of LANDSAT composite data on to base maps

A Comparative Study on Socio-Economic Impact of COVID- 19 Pandemic on Fisheries Industry in Tangalle Divisional Secretariat Division

The COVID-19 pandemic, which has provided the basis for creating a highly problematic environment in every sector of the world today has also had a significant impact on the fisheries industry which is one of the world’s leading economic activities. The main objective of this study was to examine the socio-economic impacts on fisheries industry before and during COVID-19 pandemic situation with special reference to Tangalle Divisional Secretariat Division. The study was based on the four Grama Niladhari Divisions of Kudawella North, Central, South and West associated with the Kudawella Fisheries Harbor. Primary data was collected from a field survey using a semi structured questionnaire from 74 fishing families representing the 75% of the population under stratified random sampling. Paired T test was carried out to test the variables comparatively before and after COVID-19 pandemic to confirm the result statistically. In addition, simple statistical methods were used for the quantitative assessment. Results revealed that the epidemic situation had a significant socio-economic impact on the fishing industry during the COVID-19 pandemic situation such as declining income, growth of indebtedness, disruption of children’s education, mental distress and social stigma. Suggestions were identified to mitigate the impacts. In this context, it was concluded that the COVID-19 epidemic has primarily affected the fisheries industry and as a result, created many socio-economic problems for the fisheries community. DOI: http://doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v07i01.0

A Comparative Study on Post-Harvest Losses Associated with Upcountry Vegetable before and During COVID -19 Pandemic Situation: A Case of The Welimada Divisional Secretariat Area

Vegetables are essential food items that provide daily nutritional requirements to maintain healthy life for human beings. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain continuous production and supply. The unexpected Covid-19 plague disrupted the production, sale and distribution of vegetables so that producers, traders as well as consumers happened to face unexpected problems. Accordingly, a study was conducted with the main objective to investigate the post harvesting losses associated with upcountry vegetable before and under COVID-19 pandemic situation comparatively. To achieve the main objectives a field survey was carried out by collecting primary data from 16 traders from the Economic Center and 50 farmers from 05 Grama Niladhari Divisions of Welimada divisional secretariat area using stratified sampling technique. Additional information was collected by using interviews with farmers and traders and secondary data. Data was analyzed using quantitative, qualitative methods and paired T tests were performed to confirm the difference between the variables associated with before and during the COVID-19 pandemic statistically. Results reviled that, there was a significant difference (p <0.05) in post-harvest losses coursed at farm, transport and wholesale lelves in marketing of vegetables before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Several factors affected to increase post-harvest losses and there are the harvesting was delayed, number of barriers were faced during transportation, the economic center has been closed for several days, vegetable prices have fallen and wholesales have declined. It can be concluded that the post-harvest damage to upcountry vegetable has been affected by the covid-19 pandemic. DOI: http://doi.org/10.31357/fhss/vjhss.v07i01.0

UTILIZATION OF PRESERVED BAMBOO IN SRI LANKA

Bamboo is one of the oldest materials used by mankind to increase comfort and upliftmentof human life. It is best put to use in situation where its natural properties are emphasized.The strength of bamboo culms, their straightness smoothness, lightness, cylindricstructure, abundance and shorter period in which they attain maturity make them suitablefor a wide variety of purposes. Bamboo has excellent properties but its natural resistance todecay is low. Chemical preservation using preservatives which have good diffusionproperties, improves, the durability of bamboo structures.Fourteen species of bamboo have been reported growing in Sri Lanka, and only five ofthem are used. They are widely used, for the craft industry and scaffoldings.World demand for handicrafts made of bamboo has increased considerably thedevelopment of cottage industries based on preserved bamboo will directly benefit poorrural people. The whole biomass of the tree can be utilized.Bamboo has several characteristics that make it a suitable and economical buildingmaterial for building construction, as well as for the scaffolding that facilitates the same.In place of steel, bamboo has been considered as a reinforcement factor for concreteThe major problem is the shortage of the raw material of bamboo in utilization in SriLanka. Wastage of bamboo can be minimized by introducing the preservation methods.People must be made aware of the value of bamboo in order to encourage their supportiveparticipation in development, conservation and usage aspects. Bamboo products can bepromoted as a substitute to plastic and polythene goods by highlighting their environmentfriendly qualities.

STUDIES ON EMISSION RATES OF GREENHOUSE GASES FROM BIOMASS USED AS FUEL IN DOMESTIC COOKING

Over the last two centuries the concentration of CO2 an important Greenhouse Gas (GHG)in the atmosphere has increased by more than 25% from about 275 ppmv in the eighteenthcentury to more than 350 ppmv in 1989. Most of that increase is attributed to thecombustion of fossile fuels, but about a third is thought to have come from deforestation.Global warming is known to be due to increased accumilation of GHG's in the atmosphere.Of the GHG's emitted into atmosphere carbon dioxide is produced mainly by burning offorests or by burning of biomass for industrial and domestic energy needs.Biomass in the form of firewood is widely used in Sri Lanka for domestic cooking purposesand in industry. The population in Sri Lanka is about 18 million and it is estimated about80% of the population uses firewood for cooking producing a considerable quantity of CO2into the atmosphere. For the first time in Sri Lanka studies were carried out to estimatequantities of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide produced when biomass materials likerubber firewood, mixed firewood and waste materials of coconut plantations were used indomestic cooking using traditional and improved firewood stoves.The emission of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide when 0 I kg of moisture free biomassfuel is burnt using both single and double pot stoves are as shown below.It is observed that residual materials of coconut tree produces more carbon monoxide(56.2g) than rubberwood (29.9g) and jungle wood (33.8g). Emission of carbon dioxide issimilar with all three types of fuels, using both types of stoves.

AWARENESS OF USAGE OF SUNSCREENS AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN KANDY, SRI LANKA

Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate the awareness of usage of sunscreens among school children in Kandy, Sri Lanka.Methods: School children (138) who do outdoor sports were recruited from six schools. Knowledge and attitudes towards the usage and application of sunscreens were assessed using a researcher administered questionnaire. Statistical analyses were done using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS version-16).Results: Among the school children who do outdoor sports, 71 (51.4%) of participants used sunscreens and 67 (48.6%) of participants did not use sunscreens.Conclusion: According to the results most of the school children have a lack of knowledge, attitudes and practice towards the usage of sunscreens