40 research outputs found

    Effects of the inclusion of glycerin in diets containing 30 or 70% roughage on feed disappearance and digestibility

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    The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro nutrient disappearance and in vivo nutrient digestibility of cattle diets containing 70 or 30% roughage, with and without glycerin supplementation. Four Nellore cattle were used in the study based on a 4 × 4 Latin Square design in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Inclusion of glycerin and roughage proportion did not affect the nutrient disappearance of each ingredient (P > 0.05). Regardless of the inclusion of glycerin, a reduction in the proportion of roughage led to an increase (P 0.05) in STD (78%). Inclusion of glycerin at 20% of the total DM increased the utilisation of dietary DM without affecting the fibrous fraction of the diet. Glycerin supplementation in diets containing 70% roughage improves neutral detergent fibre digestibility

    Substituição parcial de milho por cascas de soja em dietas de alta percentagem de grãos para ovinos confinados

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    The objective of this work was to evaluate the partial replacement of corn grains by soybean hulls, in high-grain diets, and its effect on the feeding behavior and ruminal fermentation parameters of feedlot sheep. Eight rumen-cannulated crossbred sheep were assigned to four treatment groups composed of a control, to fed a diet of 50% corn silage and 50% concentrate, and to three groups fed high-grain diets, as follows: 85% corn (Diet85), 75% corn plus 10% soybean hulls (Diet75), and 65% corn plus 20% soybean hulls (Diet65). High-grain diets reduced rumination time and provided a higher degradation of feed dry matter, a higher-propionic acid concentration, a lower-acetic acid concentration, a lower methane and carbon dioxide gas production, and a lower ruminal pH value. Diet65, with 20% soybean hulls, promoted an increase in the acetic acid proportion, with a reduction in the CO2:CH4 ratio. At the end of in vitro incubation, the pH value was higher for the control diet, and it was lower for Diet85. The inclusion of soybean hulls does not change methane production and dry matter degradation, and it can be used to substitute up to 20% of corn grain in high-grain diets.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a substituição parcial de milho por cascas de soja, em dietas de alta percentagem de grãos, e seu efeito sobre o comportamento alimentar e os parâmetros de fermentação ruminal em ovinos confinados. Oito carneiros com rúmens canulados foram distribuídos em quatro grupos experimentais, compostos de um controle, alimentado com uma dieta de 50% de silagem de milho e 50% de concentrado, e em três grupos alimentados com as seguintes dietas com alta percentagem de grãos: 85% de milho (Diet85), 75% de milho e 10% de cascas de soja (Diet75), e 65% de milho e 20% de cascas de soja (Diet65). Os tratamentos de alta percentagem de grãos reduziram o tempo de ruminação e proporcionaram maior degradação da matéria seca do alimento, maior concentração de ácido propiônico, menor concentração de ácido acético, menor produção de gás metano e carbono, e menor valor de pH ruminal. A Diet65, com 20% de casca de soja, promoveu o aumento da proporção de ácido acético, com a redução da relação CO2:CH4 no rúmen. Ao final da incubação in vitro, o valor de pH foi maior na dieta-controle, e menor na Diet85. A inclusão de cascas de soja não altera a produção de metano nem a degradação da matéria seca e pode ser usada para substituir até 20% do milho em dietas de alta percentagem de grãos

    Desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo de ovinos lanados

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    A demanda por produtos de origem animal, tem aumentado, paralelamente a este crescimento, observam-se esforços para promover melhorias na produtividade de carne dos rebanhos ovinos. Com o objetivo de estudar o desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo de cruzas de ovinos lanados, foram utilizados os dados da escrituração zootécnica do rebanho, pertencente ao Setor de Ovinocultura do Departamento de Zootecnia da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV/Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP. Os dados da escrituração foram oriundos de 312 ovelhas, sendo 129 da raça Ideal, 44 1/2 Ile de France 1/2 Ideal, 98 3/4 Ile de France 1/4 Ideal e 41 7/8 Ile de France 1/8 Ideal, submetidas ao cruzamento absorvente para a raça Ile de France. As ovelhas foram mantidas em sistema de criação semi-extensivo, levadas ao pasto pela manhã e recolhidas ao aprisco no final da tarde. A estação de monta aconteceu nos meses de novembro a janeiro. Após o nascimento, as crias eram pesadas e marcadas com número de identificação e as informações registradas em fichas individuais, que posteriormente foram transcritas para planilhas do Microsoft ExcelÒ. As análises das características produtivas: peso ao nascer (PN), peso ao desmame (PD), peso aos 180 dias (P180), ganho médio diário (GMD) e tempo para o animal atingir 32 kg de peso corporal (D32), foram realizadas no SAS, (1996) baseadas no método dos quadrados mínimos, utlizando o procedimento GLM e o teste Tukey para comparação das médias. Para as curvas de crescimento foi utilizado o modelo não-linear Von Bertalanffy, sendo o ajuste realizado pelo procedimento NLIN, utilizandose o método de DUD. Para as características reprodutivas foram utilizados o procedimento GLM e o teste Tukey, basedo no método dos quadrados mínimos para idade ao primeiro parto (IPP) e o teste de qui-quadrado para fertilidade, taxa de desmame, e prolificidade...The demand for products originated from animals, mainly meat, has been increasing and it is clear that efforts are being made to improve the productivity in ovine cattle. Aiming to study productive and reproductive performance of crossbred sheep, data from the sheep recording of the ovine cattle from Paulista State University, FCAV/Unesp, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil were used. The record data came from 312 sheep (129 of Polwarth breed, 44 1/2 Ile de France 1/2 Polwarth, 98 3/4 Ile de France 1/4 Polwarth e 41 7/8 Ile de France 1/8 Polwarth) submitted to absorber crossbreeding for Ile de France. The sheep were kept in semi-extensive raising system; they were taken to the field in the morning and returned to the shelter late in the afternoon. The breeding season happened from November until January. After birth, the sheep were weighted and marked with the identification number and the information registered in individual forms that were later transcripted to Microsoft ExcelÒ. Productive characteristic analysis: body weight at birth (BWB), body weight at weaning (BWW), body weight with 180 days (BW180), daily weight gain average (DWGA) and necessary period for animals to get 32 kg of body weight (BW32) were carried out at SAS statistical analysis (1996), based on the Chi-square method, using the GLM procedure and the Tukey test for average comparisons. The non linear model of Van Bertalanffy was used to analyse growth pattern and the adjustment was accomplished by the NLIN procedure using the DUD method. It was used the GLM procedure for the reproductive characteristics, the Tukey test to analyse age at the first birth (AFB) and the Chi-square test to analyse fertility, weaning rate and prolificacy. None significant alterations were observed for the following productive characteristics, BWB, BWW, and BW32 (p>0.05), with composition genetic averages... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

    Milho, amido ou caroço de algodão associados à glicerina bruta em dietas para ovinos

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    The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the combination of crude glycerin, waste from the production of biodiesel, with the cottonseed, corn or starch on the carcass characteristics, meat, performance, ruminal parameters and production of methane gas and carbon dioxide. Were used 39 lambs contemporaries not castrated, with approximately 70 days of age and average body weight of 19 kg. The proportion roughage concentrated was 30:70. The statistical design was completely randomized with three diets and 13 replicates. There was no effect (P> 0.05) for average daily gain, with an average 0.160 kg / day, days of feedlot with an average of 101.26 days and feed conversion to 5.65. For dry matter intake effect was observed (P 0.05) on intake only for neutral detergent fiber. There was a significant (P 0.05). For the determination of ammonia nitrogen and pH, the design was used in Latin Square, triple 3x3 using nine cannulated animals in the rumen. Methane production was evaluated per in vitro incubation of the diets for 24 hours at 39°C. There was no effect (P> 0.05) to pH values of rumen fluid, with averages of 6.22; 6.26 and 6.31 for diets A, CA and M respectively. For N-NH3 concentrations were observed greatest values on the first two hours after feeding. For the production of methane gas (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), there was difference (P0,05) para ganho de peso diário, com média de 0,160 kg/dia, dias de confinamento com média de 101,26 dias e eficiência alimentar de 0,183 kg,ganho/kg,MS. Para o consumo de matéria seca houve efeito (P0,05) no consumo fibra em detergente neutro. Houve efeito (P0,05). Para os parâmetros ruminais, foi utilizado o delineamento em Quadrado Latino, triplo 3x3, utilizando nove animais canulados no rúmen. A produção de metano foi avaliada pela incubação in vitro das dietas durante 24 horas a 39ºC. Não houve efeito (P>0,05), para os valores de pH do líquido ruminal, com médias de 6,22; 6,26 e 6,31 para as dietas A, CA e M..
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