Non-synonymous nucleotide sequence variations of HPV-18 L1.

<p>Non-synonymous nucleotide sequence variations of HPV-18 L1.</p

Maximum parsimony tree based on nucleotide sequences of L1 HPV-16 gene.

<p>Study sequences of 241 HPV-16 positive samples collected in 2009 and 2011 are shown in blue. Reference sequences of European/A lineages (GenBank reference AF536179 K02718 = NC001526, HQ644236, AF534061) are shown in green, African/B lineages (GenBank references AF472508, HQ644298 and AF536180) in brown. African-2/C lineage GenBank reference AF472509 is shown in pink. References sequences from lineage D are shown in purple HQ644257 (sublineage D1-North American), AY686579-(sublineage D2, Asian-American) AF402678 (sublineage D3, Asian-American). HPV-16 variant used in the vaccine (GenBank reference AF043286) is shown in red. The number given in each circle indicates the number of viral strains with the same sequence.</p

Maximum parsimony tree based on nucleotide sequences of L1 HPV-18 gene.

<p>Study sequences of 108 HPV-18 positive samples collected in 2009 and 2011 are shown in blue. Reference sequences of European/A lineages (GenBank reference X05015, AY262282 (sublineage A1), EF202146 (sublineage A2), EF202147 (sublineage A3), EF202151 (sublineage A4), CQ180787 (sublineage A5)), African/B lineages (GenBank references EF202153, EF202154, EF202155 (sublineage B1)) KC470225 (sublineage B2) EF202152 (sublineage B3), and reference for lineage C (KC47229) are shown in green, brown and pink respectively. HPV-18 variant used in the vaccine (GenBank reference AY863161) is shown in red. The number given in each circle indicates the number of viral strains with the same sequence.</p

Characteristics of study population.

<p>Characteristics of study population.</p

Adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for the detection of genital and anal HPV DNA and HPV antibodies using multilevel analyses (generalized estimating equations [GEE)]) in men who have sex with men (MSM).

<p>The following variables were included into the crude GEE model: age, ethnicity, years sexually active, number of lifetime sex partners, number of sex partners in the last six months, condom use in the last six months with a steady partner, condom use in the last six months with a casual partner, a chlamydia or gonorrhea in the past, a current urogenital chlamydia infection, a current anal chlamydia or gonorrhea infection, passive anal intercourse in the past six months, and the seven different HPV genotypes.</p>*<p>The model for genital HPV DNA could not be run for MSM due to small numbers.</p><p>AOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; NI  =  not included in the multivariable model; NS  =  not significant in multivariable model.</p

Past and current (ano)genital chlamydia and gonorrhea infections: women, MSW, and MSM.

<p>MSM = men who have sex with men; MSW = men who have sex with women only.</p

Association (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval) between genital HPV DNA and HPV-specific antibody genotypes, for women and MSW.

<p>Ab = antibody; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; MSW = men who have sex with women only.</p

Positivity rate for genital and anal DNA detection in women, MSW and MSM.

<p>Black gives the positivity rate for persons with a HPV DNA detection only at the genitals, dark grey gives the positivity rate for persons with an HPV DNA infection genital as well as anal, and light grey are the positivity rates when persons are only detected with HPV DNA anally. The figures includes women (N = 118), MSW (N = 56) and MSM (N = 124) of whom a genital and an anal sample were available. MSW =  men who have sex with women only; MSM = men who have sex with men.</p

Genital (and anal) HPV DNA and HPV-specific antibody seropositivity in women, MSW, and MSM.

<p><a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0060696#pone-0060696-g002" target="_blank">Figure 2a–c</a> gives the genital HPV DNA (light grey), HPV-specific antibody seropositivity (dark grey), as well as the percentage of persons detected with genital HPV DNA as well as HPV antibodies (black) with 95% confidence intervals in women (N = 2233), MSW (N = 922), and MSM (N = 173) per HPV genotype. <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0060696#pone-0060696-g002" target="_blank">Figure 2d</a> gives the anal HPV DNA (light grey), HPV-specific antibody seropositivity (dark grey) as well as the percentage of persons detected with anal HPV DNA as well as HPV antibodies (black) with 95% confidence intervals in MSM (N = 124). Ab = antibody; MSM = men who have sex with men; MSW = men who have sex with women only.</p

Adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for the detection of genital and anal HPV DNA and HPV antibodies using multilevel analyses (generalized estimating equations [GEE)]) in men who have sex with women only (MSW).

<p>The following variables were included into the crude GEE model: age, ethnicity, years sexually active, number of lifetime sex partners, number of sex partners in the last six months, condom use in the last six months with a steady partner, condom use in the last six months with a casual partner, a chlamydia or gonorrhea in the past, a current urogenital chlamydia infection, passive anal intercourse in the past six months, and the seven different HPV genotypes.</p>*<p>The model for anal HPV DNA could not be run for MSW due to small numbers.</p><p>AOR = adjusted odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; NI  =  not included in the multivariable model; NS  =  not significant in multivariable model.</p