Computation of Transonic Steady and Unsteady Flow about the LANN Wing.

This report summarizes the ECARP computations of the steady and unsteady transonic flow about the supercritical LANN wing. One mandatory and two optional test cases out of the AGARD windtunnel data sets for aeroelastic standard configurations were considered, ranging from modest to most severe flow conditions. The partners' unsteady inviscid flow solvers comprised two Transonic Small Perturbation (TSP), two Full-Potential (FP), and five advanced Euler methods, while in the viscous-inviscid interaction (VII) mode two unsteady TSP schemes and one steady FP method were available. Judging from the computed steady and unsteady inviscid pressure distributions and by the comparison of viscous-coupled solutions to the data, the results revealed the current specific sophistication of unsteady computational aerodynamics as well as the level reached for engineering applications

Search for isotropic #gamma# radiation of cosmological origin between 65 and 200 TeV

Electromagnetic energy injected into the universe above a few hundred TeV is expected to pile up as #gamma# radiation in the energy range between about 65 and 100 TeV due to its interaction with the 2.7 K background radiation. We present an upper limit (90% C.L.) on the ratio of primary #gamma# to charged cosmic rays in the energy interval 65-160 TeV (80-200 TeV) of 10.3.10"3 (7.8.10"-"3). Data from the HEGRA cosmic-ray detector complex consisting of a wide angle Cerenkov array (AIROBICC) measuring the lateral distribution of air Cerenkov light and a scintillator array, were used with a novel method to discriminate #gamma#-ray and hadron induced air showers. If the presently unmeasured universal far infrared background radiation is not too intense, the result rules out a topological-defect origin of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays for masses of the X particle released by the defects equal to or larger than about 10"1"6 GeV. (orig.)Available from TIB Hannover: RR 2916(94-28) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Toward Male Individualization with Rapidly Mutating Y-Chromosomal Short Tandem Repeats

Relevant for various areas of human genetics, Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are com- monly used for testing close paternal relationships among individuals and populations, and for male lineage iden- tification. However, even the widely used 17-loci Yfiler set cannot resolve individuals and populations completely. Here, 52 centers generated quality-controlled data of 13 rapidly mutating (RM) Y-STRs in 14,644 related and unrelated males from 111 worldwide populations. Strik- ingly, >99% of the 12,272 unrelated males were com- pletely individualized. Haplotype diversity was extremely high (global: 0.9999985, regional: 0.99836\u20130.9999988). Haplotype sharing between populations was almost ab- sent except for six (0.05%) of the 12,156 haplotypes. Haplotype sharing within populations was generally rare (0.8% nonunique haplotypes), significantly lower in ur- ban (0.9%) than rural (2.1%) and highest in endogamous groups (14.3%). Analysis of molecular variance revealed 99.98% of variation within populations, 0.018% among populations within groups, and 0.002% among groups. Of the 2,372 newly and 156 previously typed male relative pairs,29% were differentiated including 27% of the 2,378 father\u2013son pairs. Relative to Yfiler, haplotype diversity was increased in 86% of the populations tested and over- all male relative differentiation was raised by 23.5%. Our study demonstrates the value of RM Y-STRs in identifying and separating unrelated and related males and provides a reference database