Studi Pengaruh Ukuran Pixel Imaging Plate Terhadap Kualitas Citra Radiograf

This study aims to determine the image on each imaging plate which has a different pixel sizes. This research is using a plane X-ray, Computed Radiography (CR) which is used in the diagnostic field. This study uses three imaging plate each having size of 0.097 mm, 0.115 mm and 0.168 mm with stepwedge objects on it and use the same factor, namely kV eksposi: 64.5 and mAs: 16. In each of the imaging plate in eksposi 3 times and the results of each radiograph imaging plate will be measured by using a densitometer. Stepwedge radiograph of the measurement results will be obtained the density and contrast value of each imaging plate. Contrast value for each imaging plate will be compared so they will know what the size of the imaging plate which has a higher contrast value. Research on the effects of different pixel size on the imaging plate is done in Radiology Hospital Tugu Semarang, in July 2014. From the results it can be concluded each different pixel sizes on the imaging plate will generate a different image quality

Meta-analysis of Optimal Management of Lower Pole Stone of 10 - 20 mm: Flexible Ureteroscopy (FURS) versus Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) versus Percutaneus Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)

Background: the optimal management of lower calyceal stones is still controversial, because no single method is suitable for the removal of all lower calyceal stones. Minimally invasive procedures such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) are the therapeutic methods for lower calyceal stones. The aim of this study was to identify the optimal management of 10-20 mm lower pole stones. Methods: a meta-analysis of cohort studies published before July 2016 was performed from Medline and Cochrane databases. Management of 10-20 mm lower pole stone treated by fURS, ESWL and PCNL with follow-up of residual stones in 1-3 months after procedure were include and urinary stone in other location and size were excluded. A fixed-effects model with Mantzel-Haenzel method was used to calculate the pooled Risk Ratio (RRs) and 95% Confidence Interval (CIs). We assessed the heterogeneity by calculating the I2 statistic. All analyses were performed with Review manager 5.3. Results: we analized 8 cohort studies. The stone free rate from 958 patients (271 PCNL, 174 fURS and 513 ESWL), 3 months after operation, was 90.8% (246/271) after PCNL; 75.3% (131/174) after fURS; and 64.7% (332/513) after ESWL. Base on stone free rate in 10-20 mm lower pole stone following management, PCNL is better than fURS (overall RR was 1.32 (95% CI 1.13 – 1.55); p<0.001 and I2=57%) and ESWL (overall risk ratio 1.42 (95% CI 1.30 – 1.55); p=<0.001 and I2 = 85%). But, if we compare between fURS and ESWL, fURS is better than ESWL base on stone free rate in 10-20 mm lower pole stone management with overall RR 1.16 (95% CI 1.04 – 1.30; p=0.01 and I2=40%). Conclusion: percutaneus nephrolithotomy provided a higher stone free rate than fURS and ESWL. This meta-analysis may help urologist in making decision of intervention in 10-20 mm lower pole stone management

COMPARISON OF ILEAL CONDUIT AND TUUC: A 4 YEARS STUDY

Objective: This study aims to compare 4 years of experience of IC and TUUC in the same period and among similar experienced surgeons. Material &amp; Methods: Between January 2016 and August 2019, 44 radical cystectomies were performed, but 4 patients were excluded due to incomplete data or who underwent neo-bladder procedures. The primary endpoint was 30 days of complication rate and intraoperative complications. Bowel movement, ambulation, and length of stay (LOS) postoperatively were followed-up over a period of 30-day postoperatively. Results: 12 male patients underwent TUUC and 24 male patients IC, while only 4 female patients underwent IC. The mean of LOS of IC was 12.72 &nbsp;8.6 and 10.08 3.5 for TUUC; there were no significant differences between arms. However, TUUC had lower intra-operatively bleeding (779.17 &nbsp;441.15 ml) compared to IC (1328.57 &nbsp;810.40 ml). There was no difference in early complications between arms. Conclusion: Our results suggest that TUU with UC diversion may be used as a viable option of urinary diversion in radical cystectomy. This technique provides similar safety both surgically and oncologically