Technical Workshop: Advanced Helicopter Cockpit Design

Information processing demands on both civilian and military aircrews have increased enormously as rotorcraft have come to be used for adverse weather, day/night, and remote area missions. Applied psychology, engineering, or operational research for future helicopter cockpit design criteria were identified. Three areas were addressed: (1) operational requirements, (2) advanced avionics, and (3) man-system integration

Keeping It Real: Using Facebook Posts to Teach Professional Responsibility and Professionalism

This Article examines how Facebook posts can be used to teach professionalism and professional responsibility in law schools. By providing graphic Facebook examples, it demonstrates and discusses the need to include instruction on professionalism and professional responsibility as the concepts relate to social networking. The Article suggests that today’s Generation Y law students develop and define their professionalism ideals and understand their professional responsibility, in part, in conjunction with the development of their online personas and their use of Facebook. It provides an in-depth analysis of four Facebook posts made by lawyers, clients, judges, and law students. It proposes that the application of the rules of the Bar may not be fully appreciated by legal professionals when they act as on-line storytellers and it makes suggestions on how to more explicitly teach that the rules have twenty-four/seven applicability. The Article takes a comprehensive look at how teaching with Facebook posts helps modernize legal education; it proposes a methodology for incorporating Facebook posts to teach professionalism and professional responsibility; and it concludes by summarizing the advantages and the disadvantages of doing so

Reflections on careers, JBE and business ethics

Brief reflections on the impact of the Journal of Business Ethics on the field of business ethics over the past 30 years are given from over 100 scholars who authored citation classics and/or distinguished papers, as well as those who served on the Editorial Board and/or are recognized as leaders in the field

The implications of resource depletion for freight transport and distribution

The distribution of goods is essential to all developed economies and is dependent upon non-renewable resources of energy and raw materials which must become progressively scarcer and more expensive within the next fifty years. Although resource shortages are thought unlikely to bring transport systems to a half within this time, the historical trend towards concentration upon relatively resource extravagent modes and systems may create future problems. The purpose of this wideranging thesis is therefore to examine ways by which freight transport's dependence upon scarce resources may be reduced and to discuss the potential for a more efficient use of resources in distribution. [Continues.

Underuse of coronary revascularization procedures in patients considered appropriate candidates for revascularization.

Background: Ratings by an expert panel of the appropriateness of treatments may offer better guidance for clinical practice than the variable decisions of individual clinicians, yet there have been no prospective studies of clinical outcomes. We compared the clinical outcomes of patients treated medically after angiography with those of patients who underwent revascularization, within groups defined by ratings of the degree of appropriateness of revascularization in varying clinical circumstances.Methods: This was a prospective study of consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography at three London hospitals. Before patients were recruited, a nine-member expert panel rated the appropriateness of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) on a nine-point scale (with 1 denoting highly inappropriate and 9 denoting highly appropriate) for specific clinical indications. These ratings were then applied to a population of patients with coronary artery disease. However, the patients were treated without regard to the ratings. A total of 2552 patients were followed for a median of 30 months after angiography.Results: Of 908 patients with indications for which PTCA was rated appropriate (score, 7 to 9), 34 percent were treated medically; these patients were more likely to have angina at follow-up than those who underwent PTCA (odds ratio, 1.97; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.29 to 3.00). Of 1353 patients with indications for which CABG was considered appropriate, 26 percent were treated medically; they were more likely than those who underwent CABG to die or have a nonfatal myocardial infarction - the composite primary outcome (hazard ratio, 4.08; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.82 to 5.93) - and to have angina (odds ratio, 3.03; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.08 to 4.42). Furthermore, there was a graded relation between rating and outcome over the entire scale of appropriateness (P for linear trend = 0.002).Conclusions: On the basis of the ratings of the expert panel, we identified substantial underuse of coronary revascularization among patients who were considered appropriate candidates for these procedures. Underuse was associated with adverse clinical outcomes. (N Engl J Med 2001;344:645-54.) Copyright (C) 2001 Massachusetts Medical Society

Isostatic equilibrium in spherical coordinates and implications for crustal thickness on the Moon, Mars, Enceladus, and elsewhere

Isostatic equilibrium is commonly defined as the state achieved when there are no lateral gradients in hydrostatic pressure, and thus no lateral flow, at depth within the lower viscosity mantle that underlies a planetary body's outer crust. In a constant-gravity Cartesian framework, this definition is equivalent to the requirement that columns of equal width contain equal masses. Here we show, however, that this equivalence breaks down when the spherical geometry of the problem is taken into account. Imposing the "equal masses" requirement in a spherical geometry, as is commonly done in the literature, leads to significant lateral pressure gradients along internal equipotential surfaces, and thus corresponds to a state of disequilibrium. Compared with the "equal pressures" model we present here, the "equal masses" model always overestimates the compensation depth--by ~27% in the case of the lunar highlands and by nearly a factor of two in the case of Enceladus.Comment: 23 pages of text; 3 figures; accepted for publication in GR