Satellite imagery for volcanic hazards mitigation

world population and urbanization increase, volcanoes pose an ever greater hazard to life, property, and infrastructure in volcanically active regions. The rise in air traffic world-wide increases the risk of encounters between airborne ash and aircraft, even at great distances from the source. The Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS), an international association of civilian space agencies, seeks to foster cooperation to increase the usefulness and accessibility of satellite imagery. In February 1997, CEOs initiated the Disaster Management Support Project to assess the present and potential use of satellite-derived information for the mitigation of several hazards, including volcanic hazards. Radar methods are discussed

Zinc isotope fractionation during magmatic differentiation and the isotopic composition of the bulk Earth

The zinc stable isotope system has been successfully applied to many and varied fields in geochemistry, but to date it is still not completely clear how this isotope system is affected by igneous processes. In order to evaluate the potential application of Zn isotopes as a proxy for planetary differentiation and volatile history, it is important to constrain the magnitude of Zn isotopic fractionation induced by magmatic differentiation. In this study we present high-precision Zn isotope analyses of two sets of chemically diverse, cogenetic samples from Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii, and Hekla volcano, Iceland, which both show clear evidence of having undergone variable and significant degrees of magmatic differentiation.The Kilauea Iki samples display small but resolvable variations in Zn isotope composition (0.26

Zinc isotope fractionation during magmatic differentiation and the isotopic composition of the bulk Earth

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