電子カルテシステムの進化的設計

付記する学位プログラム名: デザイン学大学院連携プログラム京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(情報学)甲第22097号情博第707号新制||情||121(附属図書館)京都大学大学院情報学研究科社会情報学専攻(主査)教授 黒田 知宏, 教授 吉川 正俊, 教授 矢守 克也学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of InformaticsKyoto UniversityDFA

Language Learning Tool for Refugees

A large number of refugees need to learn a new language in order to transition to, or settle in, a new country. Most refugees have access to smartphones with which they can access mobile language learning tools. However, refugees in different stages of their journeys have different language learning needs. Identifying the unique needs of refugees is essential to design language learning tools that support their language learning activities. Through a two-part participatory design study, we identify and compare the tacit and latent language learning needs of two different groups of Syrian refugees: a group in transition in Lebanon, and a group settling in Germany. The Syrian refugees we worked with in Lebanon are studying English to transition to another country with better living conditions. On the other hand, the Syrian refugees we worked with in Germany are trying to learn German to better integrate into German society. Our results show overlapping needs and specific needs for the two groups of refugees. We present our findings and discuss the opportunities and challenges for designing language learning tools to support the language learning activities of refugees.Peer Reviewe

Visualizing the Cascade Effect of Redesigning Features in an EMR System

Electronic Medical Record (EMR) systems are complex systems with interdependent features. Redesigning one feature of the system can create a cascade effect affecting the other features. By calculating the cascade effect, the designers can understand how each individual feature could be affected. This understanding allows them to maximize the positive effects and avoid negative consequences of their redesign activities. To understand the cascade effect, the designers can look at their computations’ results; a task that becomes more difficult when the number of features grows. To reduce their task load, we propose a tool for visualizing the cascade effect of redesigning features in an EMR system. Our preliminary evaluation with six graduate students shows that visualizing the cascade effect reduces the task load and slightly improves their performance when analyzing the cascade effect. Ways for improving the tool include (i) showing the computation results within the visualization, and (ii) allowing the designers to compare the cascade effect generated by redesigning different features

Emergency Online Learning in Low-Resource Settings: Effective Student Engagement Strategies

We aim to identify the engagement strategies that higher education students, engaging in emergency online learning in low-resource settings, perceive to be effective. We conducted a sequential mixed-methods study based on Moore’s interaction framework for distance education. We administered a questionnaire to 313 students engaging in emergency online learning in low-resource settings to examine their perceptions of different engagement strategies. Our results showed that student–content engagement strategies, e.g., screen sharing, summaries, and class recordings, are perceived as the most effective, closely followed by student–teacher strategies, e.g., Q and A sessions and reminders. Student–student strategies, e.g., group chat and collaborative work, are perceived as the least effective. The perceived effectiveness of engagement strategies varies based on the students’ gender and technology access. To support instructors, instructional designers, and researchers, we propose a 10-level guide for engaging students during emergency online classes in low-resource settings

Emergency remote teaching in low-resource contexts: How did teachers adapt?

28th International Conference on Computers in Education, 23-27 November 2020, Web conference.The COVID-19 pandemic forced students and teachers to engage in emergency remote learning. Remote learning is particularly challenging for students and teachers in lowresource contexts. We aim to analyze the adaptation process of teachers who engaged in remote emergency teaching in low-resource contexts. We conduct ten interviews with teachers who provided emergency online teaching in Lebanon. We show that there was a decrease in synchronous student-teacher, student-content, and student-student interactions due to the scarcity of resources. We also show how the teachers adapted their practice to cope with these challenges, and how their adaptation process increased asynchronous student-teacher and student-content interactions

Cost of bladder cancer in Lebanon before and after the economic collapse: a probabilistic modeling study

Abstract Background and objectives Lebanon has one of the highest incidence rates of bladder cancer (BC) in the world. In 2019, Lebanon’s economy collapsed which majorly impacted healthcare costs and coverage. This study assesses the overall direct costs of urothelial BC in Lebanon, from the perspective of public and private third-party payers (TPP) and households, and evaluates the impact of the economic collapse on these costs. Methods This was a quantitative, incidence-based cost-of-illness study, conducted using a macro-costing approach. Costs of medical procedures were obtained from the records of various TPPs and the Ministry of Public Health. We modeled the clinical management processes for each stage of BC, and conducted probabilistic sensitivity analyses to estimate and compare the cost of each stage, pre-and post-collapse, and for each payer category. Results Before the collapse, the total annual cost of BC in Lebanon was estimated at LBP 19,676,494,000 (USD 13,117,662). Post-collapse, the total annual cost of BC in Lebanon increased by 768% and was estimated at LBP 170,727,187,000 (USD 7,422,921). TPP payments increased by 61% whereas out-of-pocket (OOP) payments increased by 2,745% resulting in a decrease in TPP coverage to only 17% of total costs. Conclusion Our study shows that BC in Lebanon constitutes a significant economic burden costing 0.32% of total health expenditures. The economic collapse induced an increase of 768% in the total annual cost, and a catastrophic increase in OOP payments

Assessment of Lead Pollution in Urban Roadside Environments of Gaza City

This research investigated Roadside lead concentration at four different locations at Gaza city. Road dust continues to be a major potential reservoir of lead (Pb) in the urban environment, and an important potential component of child Pb exposure. This study presents analyses of lead concentration for 20 samples, collected along selected streets of different traffic volume (PCU) of Gaza city over different intervals of time. Lead concentrations determined for particulates, which were collected from the soil and the lead accumulated by the leaves of Ficusbengalensis were also measured. The maximum lead concentrations accumulated by the leaves was 122.77 at EL-Wehda street equals to 122.77 mg/kg. Meanwhile a lead concentration of 12 mg/kg was the highest concentration in soil a sample which is also found at EL-Wehda street. A statistically significant correlation was found between the number of traffic volume and lead concentrations accumulated by the leaves which ranges between (0.87<P <0.99 ) at the designated streets . Also significant correlation was found between the lead concentration in soil and lead accumulated by the leaves which ranges between (0.4<P <0.6). From our study it was obviously noticed that a high traffic volume increases with the concentration of lead on deposits and soil. Beside traffic volume, road characterization had its effect on the distribution of lead emission