Mental models in risk assessment: Informing people about drugs

One way to communicate about the risks of drugs is through the use of package inserts. The problems associated with this medium of informing patients have been investigated by several researchers who found that people require information about drugs they are using, including extensive risk information, and that they are willing to take this information into account in their usage of drugs. But empirical results also show that people easily misinterpret the information given. A conceptual framework is proposed that might be used for better understanding the cognitive processes involved in such a type of risk assessment and communication. It is based on the idea that people develop, through experience, a mental model of how a drug works, which effects it might produce, that contraindications have to be considered, etc. This mental model is “run” when a specific package insert has been read and a specific question arises such as, for example, whether certain symptoms can be explained as normal or whether they require special attention and action. We argue that the mental model approach offers a useful perspective for examining how people understand package inserts, and consequently for improving their content and design. The approach promises to be equally useful for other aspects of risk analysis that are dependent upon human judgment and decision making, e.g., threat diagnosis and human reliability analysis

The Euro Changeover and the Factors Influencing Perceived Inflation

Perceived inflation, Index of perceived inflation (IPI), Loss aversion, Purchase frequency, C43, E31, D81,

Zur Qualität der Finanzberatung von Privatanlegern: Probleme des Beratungsprozesses und Lösungsansätze ; Stellungnahme des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats für Verbraucher- und Ernährungspolitik beim BMELV, November 2009

Veröff. im Internet: http://www.uni-bamberg.de/fileadmin/uni/fakultaeten/sowi_lehrstuehle/finanzwirtschaft/Transfer/Zur_Qualitaet_der_Finanzberatung_KurzVsx.pd

What we know and what we believe : lessons from cognitive psychology

Most of what is known about scenarios comes from three sources: articles in the practitioner literature describing how scenario planning is undertaken; articles from the ‘future research’ literature that offer models for constructing scenarios, and a small body of research based on empirical studies of related topics. It is this third source that Ron Bradfield discusses as he draws out possible lessons from research for scenario practitioner

Die Arbeit mit Szenarios bei der Technologiefolgenabschaetzung Bd. 2: Anhang

SIGLEUuStB Koeln(38)-880106445 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman