Primary and secondary outcomes.

<p>Primary and secondary outcomes.</p

Baseline characteristics.

<p>Baseline characteristics.</p

Investigating the loss of work productivity due to symptomatic leiomyoma

<div><p>Introduction</p><p>Leiomyoma affects up to 50% of fertile women, leading to morbidity such as bleeding or pain. The effect of symptomatic leiomyoma on the productivity of employed women is understudied. The present study investigates productivity loss in a Swedish setting in women with symptomatic leiomyoma compared to healthy women.</p><p>Material and methods</p><p>Women seeking care for leiomyoma and heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) were recruited at nine Swedish sites. Healthy controls with self-perceived mild to normal menstruation were recruited at routine visits. Cases and controls were employed without option to work from home. After recruitment, all women reported the work productivity and activity impairment (WPAI) questionnaire, the pictorial blood assessment chart (PBAC) and pain on the visual analog scale (VAS).</p><p>Results</p><p>Women with symptomatic leiomyoma (n = 88) missed more working time during menses compared to asymptomatic controls (n = 34): 7.6 vs 0.2% p = 0.003. The proportion of impairment while working was also significantly higher in women with symptomatic leiomyoma (43.8 vs 12.1% p<0.001). Moreover, cases reported greater activity impairment outside office hours (43.9 vs 12.1%, p<0.001). Among healthy controls, 69.5% reported symptoms of HMB (PBAC>100).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Symptomatic leiomyoma leads to loss of working hours as well as loss of productivity during working hours, and affects women in other daily activities. Increased awareness of the impact of leiomyomas on women's lives is needed, and timely and appropriate management of the symptomatic leiomyomas could improve work productivity and quality of life.</p></div

In what way do you feel limited during menstruation?

<p>Subjects were requested to agree or disagree with the above statements, the difference between the case and control group is significant for all individual items, p-values ≤ 0.001. P-values calculated by Fisher exact tests.</p

Contraceptive method used at time of conception of experienced unintended pregnancies.

<p>UP = Unintended pregnancy.</p><p>Contraceptive method used at time of conception of experienced unintended pregnancies.</p

Perception of effectiveness of contraceptive method currently in use (n = 721).

<p>Perception of effectiveness of contraceptive method currently in use (n = 721).</p

Important characteristics when choosing a contraceptive method.

<p>Important characteristics when choosing a contraceptive method.</p

Direct costs of standard and intervention treatment, per procedure, 2011 EUR.

<p>Direct costs of standard and intervention treatment, per procedure, 2011 EUR.</p

Percentage of women using a contraceptive method depending on age group.

<p>Percentage of women using a contraceptive method depending on age group.</p

Cost of complications 2011 EUR.

<p>Cost of complications 2011 EUR.</p