Management of osteoporosis in central and eastern Europe (CEE): conclusions of the “2nd Summit on Osteoporosis—CEE”, 21–22 November 2008, Warsaw, Poland

In November 2008, the “2nd Summit on Osteoporosis—Central and Eastern Europe (CEE)” was held in Warsaw, Poland. Discussions at this meeting focused on the identification and discussion of diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic measures used in CEE. Evaluated information was used to identify issues regarding diagnosis and therapy of osteoporosis in these countries to facilitate the subsequent setup of appropriate support and development strategies. The main debate was structured according to the following five subjects: (1) present status and future perspectives for implementation of FRAX® into local (CEE) diagnostic algorithms, (2) principles of drug selection in osteoporosis treatment in CEE countries, (3) nonpharmacological interventions in osteoporosis treatment and prophylaxis in CEE countries, (4) treatment benefit evaluation, and (5) cost–effectiveness and evaluation of reimbursement policies in CEE countries. The most important and substantial comments of the delegates are summarized in the present article. The multinational panel of experts with representatives from many CEE countries as well as Austria and Switzerland made the “2nd Summit on Osteoporosis—CEE” a perfect platform to identify issues and needs regarding diagnosis and therapy of osteoporosis as well as the cost–effectiveness of osteoporosis management in CEE countries. The information gained will serve as a basis for the development of strategies to resolve the identified issues at the “3rd Summit on Osteoporosis—CEE” in November 2009

Influence of Stimulant Medication and Response Speed on Lateralization of Movement-Related Potentials in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Hyperactivity is one of the core symptoms in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, it remains unclear in which way the motor system itself and its development are affected by the disorder. Movement-related potentials (MRP) can separate different stages of movement execution, from the programming of a movement to motor post-processing and memory traces. Pre-movement MRP are absent or positive during early childhood and display a developmental increase of negativity. We examined the influences of response-speed, an indicator of the level of attention, and stimulant medication on lateralized MRP in 16 children with combined type ADHD compared to 20 matched healthy controls. We detected a significantly diminished lateralisation of MRP over the pre-motor and primary motor cortex during movement execution (initial motor potential peak, iMP) in patients with ADHD. Fast reactions (indicating increased visuo-motor attention) led to increased lateralized negativity during movement execution only in healthy controls, while in children with ADHD faster reaction times were associated with more positive amplitudes. Even though stimulant medication had some effect on attenuating group differences in lateralized MRP, this effect was insufficient to normalize lateralized iMP amplitudes.A reduced focal (lateralized) motor cortex activation during the command to muscle contraction points towards an immature motor system and a maturation delay of the (pre-) motor cortex in children with ADHD. A delayed maturation of the neuronal circuitry, which involves primary motor cortex, may contribute to ADHD pathophysiology

Osteoporosis: New-Generation Drugs

A new understanding in the pathophysiology of bone led to the development of a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against RANK ligand (RANKL). Denosumab inhibits the interaction of RANKL with its receptor RANK, thereby suppressing osteoclast differentiation, function and survival. In this respect, denosumab mimics osteoprotegerin, the endogenous antagonist of RANKL. Recently, denosumab has been approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) and treatment-induced bone loss in breast and prostate cancer patients undergoing hormone ablation. Oncologic indications affecting bone are promising, but still under clinical evaluation. In clinical trials for PMO, denosumab has shown significant increases in bone mineral density (BMD) at various skeletal sites, decreases in bone turnover markers, and reductions in fracture risk. In head-tohead studies, denosumab proved to be superior to alendronate with regard to the increase in BMD. Considering clinical trial data, the risk-benefit profile of denosumab seems to be favorable since the rates of adverse events, serious adverse events, infections, malignancies and deaths were not higher compared to the control arms. In PMO, denosumab is applied subcutaneously as a 60-mg dose twice yearly. This administration scheme and route might have a high acceptance by patients and physicians

Die durch eignes Kinder-Glück süß-belohnte saure Schul-Arbeit : Wolten, Als der ... Herr Johann Heinrich Resch ... des ... Herrn Johann Thomae Reschen, Praeceptoris Primarii bey dem Evangelischen Gymnasio zu St. Anna allhier, Ehren-Sohn Mit der ... Jungf. Anna Regina Holderiederin ... Sein Hochzeitl. Ehren-Fest ... in Auspurg glücklich celebrirte, vorstellen

Rector und sämtl. Collegae des bemeldten GymnasiiFestschrift Johann Heinrich Resch u. Anna Regina, geb. Holderieder zu ihrer Vermählung am 31. Mai 171

Dissertatio Inauguralis Continens Expositionem L. IV. C. Fin. Reg. Et Positiones Ex J. Can. De Procurationibus

Straßburg, Univ., Jur. Diss., 1717Quam ... Solenniori eruditorum disquisitioni sistet Ad Diem 20. Septbemb. Anno M. DCC XVII. Franciscus Henricus Resh Türckhemio-AlsatusAutopsie nach Ex. der ULB Sachsen-AnhaltVorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Argentorati Literis Johannis Welperi

Die Jungfer, so Herr Resch zur liebsten Braut ersehen, heißt Holderiederin : ... Ehstand werde stets recht huld- und liebreich seyn ... Diß eben wünschet dann die Zahl der lieben Gäste ...

Festschrift Johann Heinrich Resch u. Anna Regina, geb. Holderieder zu ihrer Vermählung am 31. Mai 171

Metabolic Bone Diseases—A Topic of Great Diversity

The progress in research has improved the understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of osteoporosis and bone disorders in general [...