Horizontal oder vertikal? Zur Zukunft des Finanzausgleichs in Deutschland

Nach der Föderalismusreform II wird immer deutlicher, dass mit Blick auf das Auslaufen der gegenwärtigen Grundlagen des Finanzausgleichs zum 31.12.2019 eine Föderalismusreform notwendig wird. Ins Visier kommt dabei zwangsläufig auch der Länderfinanzausgleich und sein Umverteilungsvolumen. Eine bloße Reform des Länderfinanzausgleichs im engeren Sinne in einem ansonsten unveränderten Gesamtsystem würde jedoch wieder einmal zu kurz greifen und erneut lediglich eine Symptomtherapie bedeuten.This article focuses on the background of the beginning debate on the German fiscal federalism reform. After a short description of the current vertical and horizontal fiscal relationships in Germany, the paper discusses general aspects of the relationship between two levels of state government in a federal system. Apart from a microeconomics-based explanation of the current horizontal revenue sharing dispute, findings from institutional economics support the thesis that a pure vertical fiscal equalisation scheme in Germany is possible and useful from an economic perspective. Finally, basic elements of a fiscal equalisation system reform are presented

Experimental Investigation of Nozzle/Plume Aerodynamics at Hypersonic Speeds

The work performed by D. W. Bogdanoff and J.-L. Cambier during the period of 1 Feb. - 31 Oct. 1992 is presented. The following topics are discussed: (1) improvement in the operation of the facility; (2) the wedge model; (3) calibration of the new test section; (4) combustor model; (5) hydrogen fuel system for combustor model; (6) three inch calibration/development tunnel; (7) shock tunnel unsteady flow; (8) pulse detonation wave engine; (9) DCAF flow simulation; (10) high temperature shock layer simulation; and (11) the one dimensional Godunov CFD code

Development of macroscopic waveguide and waveguide components for optical systems Final report, 28 Jan. - 28 Nov. 1964

Macroscopic waveguide and waveguide components for optical systems - laser

Länderfinanzausgleich 2005: Kritische Bewertung des 'Prämienmodells'

Die im Jahr 2001 beschlossene Reform des Länderfinanzausgleichs, die auf Druck des Bundesverfassungsgerichts zustande kam, sollte zu einer Konkretisierung von Verfassungsmaßstäben und zu einer Erhöhung der Anreize für einzelne Länder beitragen. Sind die Anreize über Eigenbehalte bei Mehr- und Mindereinnahmen eines Landes gegenüber den länderdurchschnittlichen Einnahmen entsprechend dem so genannten „Prämienmodell“ im Finanzausgleichsgesetz ausreichend? Ist die Konzeption des Prämienmodells überhaupt sachgerecht? --

Detailed analysis of radiation data from the Gemini 4 and Gemini 7 proton-electron spectrometer experiments Final report, 13 Jun. 1967 - 30 Dec. 1968

Detailed analysis of radiation data from Gemini 4 and 7 proton-electron spectrometer experiment

Solar wind data from the MIT plasma experiments on Pioneer 6 and Pioneer 7

Hourly averages are presented of solar wind proton parameters obtained from experiments on the Pioneer 6 and Pioneer 7 spacecraft during the period December 16, 1965 to August 1971. The number of data points available on a given day depends upon the spacecraft-earth distance, the telemetry bit rate, and the ground tracking time allotted to each spacecraft. Thus, the data obtained earlier in the life of each spacecraft are more complete. The solar wind parameters are given in the form of plots and listings. Trajectory information is also given along with a detailed description of the analysis procedures used to extract plasma parameters from the measured data

Improving the clinical value and utility of CGM systems: issues and recommendations : a joint statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes and the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Technology Working Group

The first systems for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) became available over 15 years ago. Many then believed CGM would revolutionise the use of intensive insulin therapy in diabetes; however, progress towards that vision has been gradual. Although increasing, the proportion of individuals using CGM rather than conventional systems for self-monitoring of blood glucose on a daily basis is still low in most parts of the world. Barriers to uptake include cost, measurement reliability (particularly with earlier-generation systems), human factors issues, lack of a standardised format for displaying results and uncertainty on how best to use CGM data to make therapeutic decisions. This scientific statement makes recommendations for systemic improvements in clinical use and regulatory (pre- and postmarketing) handling of CGM devices. The aim is to improve safety and efficacy in order to support the advancement of the technology in achieving its potential to improve quality of life and health outcomes for more people with diabetes

Improving the clinical value and utility of CGM systems: issues and recommendations: a joint statement of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes and the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Technology Working Group

The first systems for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) became available over 15 years ago. Many then believed CGM would revolutionize the use of intensive insulin therapy in diabetes; however, progress toward that vision has been gradual. Although increasing, the proportion of individuals using CGM rather than conventional systems for self-monitoring of blood glucose on a daily basis is still low in most parts of the world. Barriers to uptake include cost, measurement reliability (particularly with earlier-generation systems), human factors issues, lack of a standardized format for displaying results, and uncertainty on how best to use CGM data to make therapeutic decisions. This Scientific Statement makes recommendations for systemic improvements in clinical use and regulatory (pre- and postmarketing) handling of CGM devices. The aim is to improve safety and efficacy in order to support the advancement of the technology in achieving its potential to improve quality of life and health outcomes for more people with diabetes

Development and application of structural dynamics analysis capabilities

Extensive research activities were performed in the area of multidisciplinary modeling and simulation of aerospace vehicles that are relevant to NASA Dryden Flight Research Facility. The efforts involved theoretical development, computer coding, and debugging of the STARS code. New solution procedures were developed in such areas as structures, CFD, and graphics, among others. Furthermore, systems-oriented codes were developed for rendering the code truly multidisciplinary and rather automated in nature. Also, work was performed in pre- and post-processing of engineering analysis data