20 research outputs found
Honoring the Unique Strengths of First-gen Students Through Community-Based Participatory Research
For First-gens by First-gens: A Student Led, Strengths-based Study to Guide Teaching and Outreach Practices in Academic Libraries
We are first-gen students, from an array of backgrounds, working in the Mason Undergraduate Peer Research Coach Program. This program creates an environment for college students to achieve academic success, personal growth, and excel in their chosen field of study. We co-teach alongside librarians and lead library outreach initiatives as student ambassadors
Wage effects of works councils and opening clauses: the German case
"German employment relations are characterized by a distinct dual system. First, working conditions and wages are determined by industry-level collective bargaining agreements. Second, on the establishment-level, the works council is responsible for employer - employee negotiations. However, since the mid-1980s, an increasing number of areas of regulation have been transferred from the industry- to the establishment-level using so-called opening clauses. The analysis in this article relies on rich German establishment data and reveals new insights into the institutional machinery of wage bargaining. While the existence of such clauses is related to higher wages, their application results in wage cuts of roughly the same size. The results also suggest that works councils, on average, are able to prevent the negative wage effects of opening clauses." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en)
Firm heterogeneity and wages under different bargaining regimes : does a centralised union care for low-productivity firms?
This paper studies the relationship between wages and the degree of firm heterogeneity in a given industry under different wage setting structures. To derive testable hypotheses, we set up a theoretical model that analyses the sensitivity of wages to the variability in productivity conditions in a unionsised oligopoly framework. The model distinguishes centralised and decentralised wage determination. The theoretical results predict wages to be negatively associated with the degree of firm heterogeneity under centralised wage-setting, as unions internalise negative externalities of a wage increase for low-productivity firms. We test this prediction using a linked employeremployee panel data set from the German mining and manufacturing sector. Consistent with our hypotheses, the empirical results suggest that under industry-level bargaining workers in more heterogeneous sectors receive lower wages than workers in more homogeneous sectors. In contrast, the degree of firm heterogeneity is found to have no negative impact on wages in uncovered firms and under firm-level contracts
Opting Out, Collective Contracts and Labour Flexibility: Firm-Level Evidence for The Italian Case
This article analyses the role of deviations from higher level collective agreements
adopted in firm-level bargaining to regain higher labour mobility, net positive
employment effects and a resurgence of labour productivity. Using Italian firm level
data, after performing preliminary pooled ordinary least squares and fixed
effects estimates, we adopt a difference-in-difference approach combined with
a propensity score matching. All the estimations show that opting out clauses
notably increases both hiring and separations, but without significant variations
in terms of net employment. In addition, no significant labour productivity gains
are obtained. The only significant change concerns the increase in the share of
temporary workers