Leadership Theories and the Veterinary Health Care System

This descriptive review aims to illustrate the different leadership theories as they may apply to the veterinary health care sector, and specifically, to the affection and sports animal subsectors. The increasing and ever-changing challenges veterinary health care operators and investors operating in these subsectors face are briefly described, as well as the most known leadership theories and styles, each with its possible advantages and disadvantages specific to its application to the veterinary health care system. The different theories are illustrated in their key aspects and their historical evolution. Finally, the discussion focuses on transformational leadership as it is seen as the most progressive and promising leadership style to hold up to said challenges in the veterinary health care system

Entrepreneurial Intention: Creativity, Entrepreneurship, and University Support

To study the impact of perceived creativity disposition on entrepreneurial attitude and intentions, based on the theory of planned behavior, a model of the relationship between perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intentions and attitude was constructed, relevant hypotheses were proposed, and the moderation mechanism of perception of university support on perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intentions was also developed and analyzed. The study population included university business students in Pakistan. A sample of 330 students was selected from eight universities in Lahore and Islamabad, Pakistan. A random stratified sampling technique was executed. For this study, a cross-sectional and quantitative research design was used based on the survey process. The two-part questionnaire was used for data collection. Smart-PLS software version 3.2.7 was used to assess the hypothesis of this study. It was found that perceived creativity disposition and attitude toward entrepreneurship has a positive influence on entrepreneurial intention. It was also discovered that the perception of university support moderates the relationship between perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intention. In this study, the moderation effect of perception of university support on the relationship between perceived creativity disposition and entrepreneurial intention was acknowledged. As a policy implication, the government should ensure students with an innovative entrepreneurial environment and well-built perception of university support are supported through different channels. Finally, a conceptual model was proposed based on adopting the theory of planned behavior, and the study ends with a conclusion and implications for future research

A cross-sectional study factors associated with resilience among medical staff in radiology departments during COVID-19, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Objectives This study aims to assess the level of resilience of medical workers in radiology departments in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, during the COVID-19 outbreak and to explore associated factors.Setting Medical staff, including nurses, technicians, radiology specialists and physicians, working in radiology departments at government hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 outbreak.Design A cross-sectional study.Participants The study was conducted among 375 medical workers in radiology departments in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The data collection took place from 15 February 2022 to 31 March 2022.Results The total resilience score was 29.37±6.760 and the scores of each dimension showed that the higher mean score was observed in the domain of ‘flexibility’, while the lowest was observed in ‘maintaining attention under stress’. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between resilience and perceived stress (r=–0.498, p<0.001). Finally, based on multiple linear regression analysis, factors affecting resilience among participants are the availability of psychological hotline (available, B=2.604, p<0.050), knowledge of COVID-19 protective measures (part of understanding, B=−5.283, p<0.001), availability of adequate protective materials (partial shortage, B=−2.237, p<0.050), stress (B=−0.837, p<0.001) and education (postgraduate, B=−1.812, p<0.050).Conclusions This study sheds light on the level of resilience and the factors that contribute to resilience in radiology medical staff. Moderate levels of resilience call for health administrators to focus on developing strategies that can effectively help cope with workplace adversities

Marketing from Leadership to Innovation: A Mediated Moderation Model Investigating How Transformational Leadership Impacts Employees’ Innovative Behavior

In an increasingly competitive landscape, both researchers and businesses are showing growing interest in promoting employee’s innovative work behavior (EIWB). Although earlier studies have highlighted the significance of transformational leadership (TL) in cultivating innovation among employees, there needs to be more understanding regarding the precise mechanisms and processes by which leaders exert their influence over the IWB of their employees. This study is based on the social exchange theory (SET) and upper echelon theory (UET) to investigate how the relationship between TL and employees’ IWB is mediated by the employees’ intellectual agility (EIA) and the employee’s voice (EV). To the best of researchers’ knowledge, this study represents the pioneering effort to examine the mediating mechanisms of EIA and EV between TL and EIWB within the specific context of small and medium Enterprises (SMEs) in a developing country. An online self-administered questionnaire was utilized to collect data from 430 SMEs in Pakistan. The proposed hypotheses were examined using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The study findings revealed a significant influence of TL on EIWB mediated by both their EIA and EV. These findings empower leaders to recognize their pivotal roles in nurturing innovation within their enterprises and crafting an optimal culture and climate conducive to innovative endeavors. Furthermore, this insight enables leaders to establish innovative environments that promote employees’ confident sharing of ideas and concepts. The study also includes a comprehensive finding and their implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research directions

Determination of Critical Factors for Success in Business Incubators and Startups in East Java

The reference to the success factors of incubators and startups in running their business so far has been ambiguous. The purpose of this study is to analyze the critical factors that can affect the success of incubators and startups. The quantitative research method describes the research results. The study locus is in East Java Province, Indonesia with primary data from respondents in five regions: Banyuwangi, Jember, Madiun, Malang, and Surabaya. The number of respondents was 41 from incubators and 59 from startups with identification of domicile, type of business, and business turnover. Data was collected using surveys and interviews with 100 respondents. The analysis in this study uses eleven factors that are assumed to be factors of business success that have been tested with Kaiser Meyer Olkin Measure (KMO), Measure of Sampling Adequacy (MSA), Bartlett’s test, and Cronbach Alpha. The critical point used for the KMO value is between 0.5 and 1, the MSA test critical point is 0.5, Bartlett’s test is less than the significance level (α = 0.05), and α cronbach ≥ 0.60. The analyzed factors are as follows: synergy products; processes; innovation management; communication; culture; experience; information technology; innovation skills; functional skills; and implementation skills. As a result, incubators and startups agree on eleven critical factors to building their business success, but there are differences in the priority scale between incubators and startups on these eleven factors

Determination of Critical Factors for Success in Business Incubators and Startups in East Java

The reference to the success factors of incubators and startups in running their business so far has been ambiguous. The purpose of this study is to analyze the critical factors that can affect the success of incubators and startups. The quantitative research method describes the research results. The study locus is in East Java Province, Indonesia with primary data from respondents in five regions: Banyuwangi, Jember, Madiun, Malang, and Surabaya. The number of respondents was 41 from incubators and 59 from startups with identification of domicile, type of business, and business turnover. Data was collected using surveys and interviews with 100 respondents. The analysis in this study uses eleven factors that are assumed to be factors of business success that have been tested with Kaiser Meyer Olkin Measure (KMO), Measure of Sampling Adequacy (MSA), Bartlett’s test, and Cronbach Alpha. The critical point used for the KMO value is between 0.5 and 1, the MSA test critical point is 0.5, Bartlett’s test is less than the significance level (α = 0.05), and α cronbach ≥ 0.60. The analyzed factors are as follows: synergy products; processes; innovation management; communication; culture; experience; information technology; innovation skills; functional skills; and implementation skills. As a result, incubators and startups agree on eleven critical factors to building their business success, but there are differences in the priority scale between incubators and startups on these eleven factors

Crystal structure of bacterial cytotoxic necrotizing factor CNFy reveals molecular building blocks for intoxication.

Cytotoxic necrotizing factors (CNFs) are bacterial single-chain exotoxins that modulate cytokinetic/oncogenic and inflammatory processes through activation of host cell Rho GTPases. To achieve this, they are secreted, bind surface receptors to induce endocytosis and translocate a catalytic unit into the cytosol to intoxicate host cells. A three-dimensional structure that provides insight into the underlying mechanisms is still lacking. Here, we determined the crystal structure of full-length Yersinia pseudotuberculosis CNFY . CNFY consists of five domains (D1-D5), and by integrating structural and functional data, we demonstrate that D1-3 act as export and translocation module for the catalytic unit (D4-5) and for a fused β-lactamase reporter protein. We further found that D4, which possesses structural similarity to ADP-ribosyl transferases, but had no equivalent catalytic activity, changed its position to interact extensively with D5 in the crystal structure of the free D4-5 fragment. This liberates D5 from a semi-blocked conformation in full-length CNFY , leading to higher deamidation activity. Finally, we identify CNF translocation modules in several uncharacterized fusion proteins, which suggests their usability as a broad-specificity protein delivery tool

Digital health literacy for COVID-19 vaccination and intention to be immunized: A cross sectional multi-country study among the general adult population

Introduction: It is clear that medical science has advanced much in the past few decades with the development of vaccines and this is even true for the novel coronavirus outbreak. By late 2020, COVID-19 vaccines were starting to be approved by national and global regulators, and across 2021, there was a global rollout of several vaccines. Despite rolling out vaccination programs successfully, there has been a cause of concern regarding uptake of vaccine due to vaccine hesitancy. In tackling the vaccine hesitancy and improving the overall vaccination rates, digital health literacy (DHL) could play a major role. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the digital health literacy and its relevance to the COVID-19 vaccination.Methods: An internet-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to August 2021 using convenience sampling among people from different countries. Participants were asked about their level of intention to the COVID-19 vaccine. Participants completed the Digital Health Literacy Instrument (DHLI), which was adapted in the context of the COVID Health Literacy Network. Cross-tabulation and logistic regression were used for analysis purpose.Results: Overall, the mean DHL score was 35.1 (SD = 6.9, Range = 12-48). The mean DHL score for those who answered "Yes" for "support for national vaccination schedule" was 36.1 (SD 6.7) compared to 32.5 (SD 6.8) for those who either answered "No" or "Don't know". Factors including country, place of residence, education, employment, and income were associated with the intention for vaccination. Odds of vaccine intention were higher in urban respondents (OR-1.46; C.I.-1.30-1.64) than in rural respondents. Further, higher competency in assessing the relevance of online information resulted in significantly higher intention for vaccine uptake.Conclusion: Priority should be given to improving DHL and vaccination awareness programs targeting rural areas, lower education level, lower income, and unemployed groups.</p

Perception towards vaccine effectiveness in controlling COVID-19 spread in rural and urban communities:a global survey

INTRODUCTION: Several studies exhibited varying reports of perception toward vaccine effectiveness, vaccine hesitancy, and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines. As this fluctuated with evidence generation, this study explored the perception toward vaccine effectiveness in rural and urban communities among various countries. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted online from April to August 2021 using convenience sampling among people from different countries approved by the Asia Metropolitan University Medical Research and Ethics. We adapted the questionnaire from the World Health Organization's (WHO) survey tool and guidance on COVID-19. The logistic regression models were performed to show perception toward vaccine effectiveness. RESULTS: A total of 5,673 participants responded to the online survey. Overall, 64% of participants agreed that the vaccine effectively controlled viral spread, and 23% agreed that there was no need for vaccination if others were vaccinated. Males had 14% higher odds of believing that there was no need for vaccination. Less social media users had 39% higher odds of developing the belief that there is no need for vaccination than all other people vaccinated. CONCLUSION: People's perceptions toward vaccine acceptance have fluctuated with the information flow in various social media and the severity of COVID-19 cases. Therefore, it is important that the current scenario of peoples' perception toward vaccine acceptance and determinants affecting the acceptance are explored to promote the vaccination approach against COVID-19 prevention and transmission effectively