Balancing the power of multimedia information retrieval and usability in designing interactive TV

Steady progress in the field of multimedia information retrieval (MMIR) promises a useful set of tools that could provide new usage scenarios and features to enhance the user experience in today s digital media applications. In the interactive TV domain, the simplicity of interaction is more crucial than in any other digital media domain and ultimately determines the success or otherwise of any new applications. Thus when integrating emerging tools like MMIR into interactive TV, the increase in interface complexity and sophistication resulting from these features can easily reduce its actual usability. In this paper we describe a design strategy we developed as a result of our e®ort in balancing the power of emerging multimedia information retrieval techniques and maintaining the simplicity of the interface in interactive TV. By providing multiple levels of interface sophistication in increasing order as a viewer repeatedly presses the same button on their remote control, we provide a layered interface that can accommodate viewers requiring varying degrees of power and simplicity. A series of screen shots from the system we have actually developed and built illustrates how this is achieved

Balancing simplicity and functionality in designing user-interface for an interactive TV

Recent computer vision and content-based multimedia techniques such as scene segmentation, face detection, searching through video clips, and video summarisation are potentially useful tools in enhancing the usefulness of an interactive TV (iTV). However, the technical nature and the relative immaturity of these tools means it is difficult to represent new functionalities afforded by these techniques in an easy-to-use manner on a TV interface where simplicity is critical and the viewers are not necessarily proficient in using advanced or highly-sophisticated interaction using a remote control. By introducing multiple layers of interaction sophistication and the unobtrusive semi-transparent panels that can be immediately invoked without menu hierarchy or complex sequence of actions, we developed an iTV application featuring powerful content retrieval techniques yet providing a streamlined and simple interface that gracefully leverages these techniques. Initial version of the interface is ready for demonstration

Systematic Analysis of Ribophagy in Human Cells Reveals By-stander Flux During Selective Autophagy

Ribosomes are abundant cellular machines1,2 regulated by assembly, supernumerary subunit turnover, and nascent chain quality control mechanisms1–5. Moreover, nitrogen starvation in yeast has been reported to promote selective ribosome delivery to the vacuole in an autophagy conjugation system-dependent manner, a process called “ribophagy”6,7. However, whether ribophagy in mammals is selective or regulated is unclear. Using Ribo-Keima flux reporters, we find that starvation or mTOR inhibition promotes VPS34-dependent ribophagic flux, which unlike yeast, is largely ATG8 conjugation independent and occurs concomitantly with other cytosolic protein autophagic flux reporters8,9. Ribophagic flux was not induced upon inhibition of translational elongation or nascent chain uncoupling, but was induced in a comparatively selective manner upon proteotoxic stress via arsenite10 or chromosome mis-segregation11 dependent upon VPS34 and ATG8 conjugation. Unexpectedly, agents typically used to induce selective autophagy also promoted increased ribosome and cytosolic protein reporter flux, suggesting significant bulk or “by-stander” autophagy during what is often considered selective autophagy12,13. These results emphasize the importance of monitoring non-specific cargo flux when assessing selective autophagy pathways

Mechanical Behavior of the Weld Joints of Thick Steel Plates Produced by Various Welding Processes

The effect of a welding process (electrogas welding (EGW) and flux cored arc welding (FCAW)) on the fracture toughness, CTOD (crack tip opening displacement), and mechanical properties (tensile, bending, impact strengths and hardness) of thick weld joints is examined. The CTOD value of the FCAW weld joints was higher than that of the EGW ones. The fractured welded specimen after the CTOD test reveals ductile and cleavage fractures of the weld joint faces after flux cored arc and electrogas weldings, respectively. The mechanical properties of the EGW welded specimens satisfied relevant classification rules. These results suggest that the EGW process is an effective substitute for the current welding process (FCAW) used for high-strength thick steel plates.Рассмотрено влияние способа сварки (электрогазовая и дуговая порошковой проволокой) на вязкость разрушения, раскрытие вершины трещины и механические свойства (предел прочности при растяжении, изгибе, ударная вязкость и твердость) сварных швов. Значение раскрытия вершины трещины для швов, полученных дуговой сваркой, было выше такового для швов, полученных электрогазовой сваркой. Разрушенный сварной образец после испытания по определению раскрытия вершины трещины обнаруживает вязкое разрушение и хрупкий излом лицевых поверхностей швов после дуговой и электрогазовой сварки соответственно. Механические свойства сварных образцов после электрогазовой сварки удовлетворяют соответствующим критериям классификации. Эти результаты свидетельствуют о том, что электрогазовая сварка может эффективно заменять используемую в настоящее время дуговую сварку для высокопрочной толстолистовой стали

Application of Taguchi Approach to Optimize Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding Parameters of Galvanized Steel

This study aims to establish the weld quality of the Nd:YAG laser-MIG hybrid welding on galvanized steel (SGACC60). In order to do so, the Taguchi analysis optimized the laser-arc hybrid welding process for SGACC60 by varying four parameters: welding speed, welding current, laser-arc distance and shielding gas. The experiment produced 18 combinations of these four essential welding parameters, which were estimated in terms of ultimate tensile strength, welding depth and width ratio, and hardness. The optimum result exhibited that the tensile strength of welds was approximately 101% of that of the base metal, and that their hardness was within the acceptable range (the maximum value 350 Hv)

Effect of Tungsten-Inert-Gas Preheating on Mechanical and Microstructure Properties of Friction Stir Welded Dissimilar Al Alloy and Mild Steel

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of tungsten-inert-gas (TIG) welding preheating on the mechanical properties of Al6061-T6 and SS400 welded joints by friction stir welding (FSW). FSW joints with and without TIG welding preheating are characterized and compared in terms of their mechanical and microstructural properties. The results show that the TIG assisted hybrid FSW welded joints (TIG-HFSW) provide an enhanced joint strength. The transversal tensile strength of the TIG-HFSW joints exhibited approximately 104% of the Al6061-T6 base metal tensile strength and was higher than that of the FSW joints. Microstructural investigations also reveal that in the HAZ and TMAZ of TIG-HFSW joints, the grains of Al6061-T6 are smaller than those of the FSW welds

Revitalizing the textile industry through human resource development

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