Decreased sensitivity to aspirin is associated with altered polyamine metabolism in human prostate cancer cells

Acknowledgments We thank NHS Grampian for financial support of this work.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Spontaneous Arterial Thrombus and Dissection Associated With Exercise and Exogenous Testosterone Use

Spontaneous lower extremity arterial dissection has been linked to atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic causes. A 55-year-old male presented to the emergency department via emergency medical services for a chief complaint of right leg pain. He stated that he was performing leg exercises when he felt a sudden pop in his right leg followed by severe pain. His exam was remarkable for lack of ipsilateral distal popliteal or dorsalis pedis pulse by palpation or doppler. The patient was admitted to a three-year history of non-prescription testosterone injection use along with a history of prior portal vein thrombosis two years prior with anticoagulation noncompliance after one month of therapy. A computed tomography angiography of the lower extremity was performed which demonstrated complete acute occlusion of the right common iliac, and right external iliac, along with right femoral artery dissection. The patient was emergently taken to the operating room with vascular surgery where a thrombectomy with stent placement was performed. After three days in the surgical intensive care unit and nine days in the hospital, the patient was subsequently discharged from the hospital in good condition. A post-operative follow-up appointment three weeks after discharge revealed mild residual pain; however, no issues ambulating or residual weakness, and normal ankle-brachial indexes. This case highlights a unique presentation of acute limb ischemia associated with exogenous testosterone use

Local Music Sharing via Mobile Phones in Melanesia

Little is known about the use of mobile phones for sharing music content in Melanesia, particularly creative content produced within the region. This In Brief argues that this recent phenomenon is worthy of investigation. It begins by providing a background on music production and mobile phones in Melanesia. It then presents research data from Papua New Guinea (PNG), introduces a specific example of a local music- sharing service in Solomon Islands and offers suggestions for further research.AusAI

New GABAergic interneurons in the adult neocortex and striatum are generated from different precursors

Ongoing neurogenesis in the adult mammalian dentate gyrus and olfactory bulb is generally accepted, but its existence in other adult brain regions is highly controversial. We labeled newly born cells in adult rats with the S-phase marker bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and used neuronal markers to characterize new cells at different time points after cell division. In the neocortex and striatum, we found BrdU-labeled cells that expressed each of the eight neuronal markers. Their size as well as staining for γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamic acid decarboxylase 67, calretinin and/or calbindin, suggest that new neurons in both regions are GABAergic interneurons. BrdU and doublecortin-immunoreactive (BrdU+/DCX+) cells were seen within the striatum, suggesting migration of immature neurons from the subventricular zone. Surprisingly, no DCX+ cells were found within the neocortex. NG2 immunoreactivity in some new neocortical neurons suggested that they may instead be generated from the NG2+ precursors that reside within the cortex itself

How close is the dose? Manipulation of 10 mg hydrocortisone tablets to provide appropriate doses to children

This study explores the methodology advised by healthcare professionals and the methods used by parents/carers to identify whether there is a best practice method for manipulation of 10 mg hydrocortisone tablets to provide an accurate dose to children. Bespoke surveys were used to identify methods recommended and used in manipulation of tablets. Hydrocortisone tablets were manipulated to provide a specified dose by both naïve participants and parents/carers. The accuracy of manipulation was assessed using HPLC analysis. Competed surveys were received from 159 parent/carers reporting doses that ranged from 0.25 to 15 mg. Parents/carers most commonly reported splitting the tablet and administering the solid fraction; however more than 30% of those reporting physically splitting tablets were preparing doses that were not simply halving or quartering tablets. In a naïve population the dose accuracy, defined as percent of doses within 20% of the theoretical dose ranged from 57 to 58% depending on the tablet brand and the method of manipulation used. Almost three-quarters (74.1%) of parent/carers (n = 27) were able to produce a dose within 20% of the theoretical value and the most accurate method was to split tablets and administer the solid fraction. This study shows that a lack of age-appropriate medicines results in children being at risk of sub-optimal dosing

A survey of therapists views on reducing sedentary behaviour in an acute clinical setting

Reducing sedentary behaviour is a priority in both the clinical and research settings. This survey aimed to gather the views on reducing sedentary behaviour from physiotherapy, occupational therapy and healthcare support staff working in the acute healthcare setting. Sixty-nine occupational therapy and physiotherapy staff completed an online survey during March and April 2018. The results were analysed by manual thematic analysis. Barriers to sedentary behaviour have been categorised under the following themes: patient factors, cultural factors, environmental factors and organisational factors. Solutions to facilitate change were themed as: move early and often, self-management, education, culture, environment, collaboration, social engagement, roles and sharing. The findings provide a basis for changing behaviour from a practitioner perspective

2-Cyano-1-methyl­pyridinium nitrate

In the title compound, C7H7N2 +·NO3 −, all atoms except the methyl H atoms lie on a crystallographic mirror plane. The inter­layer distance, including that between aligned N atoms from alternating cations and anions in adjacent layers, is exceptionally short at 3.055 (1) Å. Two-dimensional C—H⋯O hydrogen-bonded networks link cations to anions, while C—H⋯N inter­actions link cations within each layer. Anion–π inter­actions with the cations assist in binding the layers together

A Proposal for Stewardship Support to Private Native Forests in NSW

The Southern Cross Group is proposing a completely new approach to private forest management in NSW based on stewardship support. This means that incentives will be used to encourage landholders to manage their forests in a way that maintains their environmental and other values for the community, without compromising their value as a resource to the farming community. Importantly, the Southern Cross Group system will foster good outcomes through innovation rather than through cumbersome and onerous prescriptions. Private forests in NSW are important as a source of timber as well as for the conservation values they provide to the general community. Landholders should be encouraged to manage them in a way that preserves their productive capacity and their conservation values for the long term. At present, however, neither the current regulatory regime, including the Private Native Forest legislation and proposed code of practice, nor the current market regime encourages sustainable management of the State's private timber resources. The Southern Cross Group has designed an effective and simple way of fostering and rewarding good stewardship of private native forests. Good stewardship may be viewed as a 'duty of care' responsibility that should be enforced by legislation, or as an environmental service that should be recognised and rewarded. The distinction is academic: the reality is that incentives are more effective than punitive regulations. Good environmental outcomes for most forests depend on active management and, especially in the case of private native forests, on incentives for continuing management. The challenge is to devise an equitable scheme that sends the right signals for forest management, is cost-effective to administer, and represents a worthwhile investment in terms of the public good generated. We believe the way forward is with simple, transparent indicators that provide an immediate and ongoing incentive. Under our proposal, landholders will receive an annual cash payment as a reward for progress towards specific outcomes. Rather than complicated targets, we are proposing a simple, two-tiered system that will give enough incentive to landholders to provide the environmental services desired by the community. The first tier rewards and encourages landholders to regenerate more forest, to retain big trees, and to stimulate tree growth on private land. The second tier rewards and encourages stewardship of endangered species and ecological communities. These incentives will be simple to apply and audit, and will encourage landholders to learn about and encourage biodiversity on their land, and to consider it part of their income portfolio. This system will contribute to farmers seeing forests as core business, both as part of their income stream and as part of their environmental stewardship responsibilities. When all farmers view forests in this way, Australia will reap the benefit of forests that are more diverse and productive, and a forest estate that no longer continues to shrink