Optimizing Technology of Drilling Fluid for Improving Logging Success Rate of Central Area of Junggar Basin

The characters of deep wells in the central area of Junggar Basin include the burial depth of the reservoir is deep, the temperature of borehole bottom is high and the middle and the lower formations are developed with hard and brittle mudstones. The Toutunhe Formation and the Badaowan Formation are full of micro fissures which frequently caused sloughing, borehole wall collapse to happen. The average well diameter expansion rate exceeds 15% and logging instruments got blocked frequently. Based on the analyses of mineral composition and physical and chemical properties, Optimized drilling fluid formula was presented after evaluation of different size plugging agents and lubricants in order to heighten tight plugging performance. The result of Pressure Transmission experiment indicates that after optimization drilling fluid can prevent or stay the pressure transmission in mudstone effectively. The formula has been applied in Well Cheng 6 and the high-temperature and high-pressure filtration loss was only 8.0mL, the average well diameter expansion rate was less than 5%. The logging success rate reached 100%, exceeding the research target of 80%. Using this formula, the goals of stabilizing borehole wall and enhancing logging success rate have been achieved

STUDY ON THE SETTLEMENT OF TUNNEL BOTTOM AND PRESSURE OF ROCK MASS BASED ON CURVED BEAM ON ELASTIC FOUNDATION THEORY

Tunnel invert is a weak section of curved beam on tunnel foundation, and it is easy to break down. Based on the curved beam theory on elastic foundation, the curved beam model of tunnel invert was established, the displacement equation of tunnel invert under external load was deduced, and the formula of settlement of tunnel bottom and the pressure of rock mass was presented. By means of the calculating formula, the distribution law of settlement of tunnel bottom and pressure of rock mass were obtained when tunnel bottom was strengthened and not strengthened by high pressure jet grouting pile. The final formula in the paper is precise to predict the settlement of tunnel bottom and pressure of rock mass, so it is of great value for tunnel design and construction

Construction of nZVI@PES metal-organic frameworks to catalyze peroxymonosulfate for removal of naproxen

Naproxen, as one of the typical drugs and personal care products, has been widely detected in the environment due to its extensive production and use. Heterogeneous advanced oxidation technology based on persulfate activation has been more and more applied in the degradation of toxic and harmful pollutants in recent years. In particular, iron based catalytic materials are widely used in persulfate activation because of their environmental protection, low cost and high reactivity, but there are some defects in the application process such as easy oxidation and agglomeration. In this work, polymeric polyether sulfone (PES) material was introduced as organic framework, and the nZVI@PES metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) was constructed by solvent surface dissolution, phase conversion and surface reduction loading methods. Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was further activated to degrade naproxen in aqueous environment. The synergic degradation performance of the nZVI@PES MOFs /PMS system on naproxen was evaluated

Long-term survival, toxicities, and the role of chrono-chemotherapy with different infusion rates in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy: a retrospective study with a 5-year follow-up

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate 5-year outcomes and the late toxicity profile of chrono-chemotherapy with different infusion rates in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Methods and materialsOur retrospective analysis included 70 patients with locally advanced NPC stages III and IVB (according to the 2010 American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system). Patients were treated with two cycles of induction chemotherapy (IC) before concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) at Guizhou Cancer Hospital. The IC with docetaxel, cisplatin (DDP) and fluorouracil regimen. Patients were divided into two groups during CCRT. Using a “MELODIE” multi-channel programmed pump, DDP (100 mg/m2) was administered for 12 hours from 10:00 am to 10:00 pm and repeated every 3 weeks for 2-3 cycles. DDP was administered at the peak period of 4:00 pm in the sinusoidal chrono-modulated infusion group (Arm A, n=35). The patients in Arm B received a constant rate of infusion. Both arms received radiotherapy through the same technique and dose fraction. The long-term survival and disease progression were observed.ResultsAfter a median follow-up of 82.8 months, the 5-year progression-free survival rate was 81.3% in Arm A and 79.6% in Arm B (P = 0.85). The 5-year overall survival rate was not significantly different between Arm A and Arm B (79.6% vs 85.3%, P = 0.79). The 5-year distant metastasis-free survival rate was 83.6% in Arm A and 84.6% in Arm B (P = 0.75). The 5-year local recurrence-free survival rate was 88.2% in Arm A and 85.3% in Arm B (P = 0.16). There were no late toxicities of grade 3-4 in either group. Both groups had grade 1-2 late toxicities. Dry mouth was the most common late toxic side effect, followed by hearing loss and difficulty in swallowing. There was no statistically significant difference between Arm A and Arm B in terms of side effects.ConclusionLong-term analysis confirmed that in CCRT, cisplatin administration with sinusoidal chrono-modulated infusion was not superior to the constant infusion rate in terms of long-term toxicity and prognosis

Overcoming Wnt–β-catenin dependent anticancer therapy resistance in leukaemia stem cells

Leukaemia stem cells (LSCs) underlie cancer therapy resistance but targeting these cells remains difficult. The Wnt–β-catenin and PI3K–Akt pathways cooperate to promote tumorigenesis and resistance to therapy. In a mouse model in which both pathways are activated in stem and progenitor cells, LSCs expanded under chemotherapy-induced stress. Since Akt can activate β-catenin, inhibiting this interaction might target therapy-resistant LSCs. High-throughput screening identified doxorubicin (DXR) as an inhibitor of the Akt–β-catenin interaction at low doses. Here we repurposed DXR as a targeted inhibitor rather than a broadly cytotoxic chemotherapy. Targeted DXR reduced Akt-activated β-catenin levels in chemoresistant LSCs and reduced LSC tumorigenic activity. Mechanistically, β-catenin binds multiple immune-checkpoint gene loci, and targeted DXR treatment inhibited expression of multiple immune checkpoints specifically in LSCs, including PD-L1, TIM3 and CD24. Overall, LSCs exhibit distinct properties of immune resistance that are reduced by inhibiting Akt-activated β-catenin. These findings suggest a strategy for overcoming cancer therapy resistance and immune escape