92 research outputs found
Distribution of self-rated health (SRH) before and after adjustment using anchoring vignettes.
<p>Distribution of self-rated health (SRH) before and after adjustment using anchoring vignettes.</p
Two-level ordinal logistic regression estimates (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals) and variance components with adjusted self-rated health (SRH) as outcome variables.
<p><sup>a</sup>At the individual level, these models adjusted demographic variables (including sex, age and marital status), socio-economic variables (including Hukou, migrant status, educational attainment, employment, natural logarithm of personal income, subjective socio-economic status) and health risk factors (including health insurance, Body Mass Index, heavy smoking and heavy drinking); at the community level, they adjusted community economic status.</p><p><sup>+</sup> p<0.10;</p><p><sup>*</sup> p<0.05;</p><p><sup>**</sup> p<0.01;</p><p><sup>***</sup> p<0.001.</p><p>SC referred to social capital.</p><p>Two-level ordinal logistic regression estimates (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals) and variance components with adjusted self-rated health (SRH) as outcome variables.</p
Text of self-rated health and vignettes questions and response options.
<p>Text of self-rated health and vignettes questions and response options.</p
All situations with two vignettes: this table gives calculations for the nonparametric estimator C for all possible situations with two vignette responses, v1 and v2, and a self-rated health response, y<sup>a</sup>.
<p><sup>a</sup> The table was adapted from āKing G, Wand J. Comparing Incomparable Survey Responses: Evaluating and Selecting Anchoring Vignettes. Political Analysis. 2007;15(1):46ā66ā. As shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0142300#pone.0142300.t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>, vignette 1 described a person with better health than that in vignette 2. Thus, the response to vignette 1 (v<sub>1</sub>) was expected to be smaller than that to vignette 2 (v<sub>2</sub>). The situation of v1 being equal to v2 was called tied. The situation of v1 being bigger than v2 was called inconsistently ordered vignette response. In this analysis, we treated the tied values and inconsistently ordered vignette responses as missing values. Moreover, y represented the response to self-rated health question; ā/ā represented missing value.</p><p>All situations with two vignettes: this table gives calculations for the nonparametric estimator C for all possible situations with two vignette responses, v1 and v2, and a self-rated health response, y<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0142300#t002fn001" target="_blank"><sup>a</sup></a>.</p
Two-level ordinal logistic regression estimates (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals) and variance components with self-rated health (SRH) as outcome variables.
<p><sup>a</sup>At the individual level, these models adjusted demographic variables (including sex, age and marital status), socio-economic variables (including Hukou, migrant status, educational attainment, employment, natural logarithm of personal income, subjective socio-economic status) and health risk factors (including health insurance, Body Mass Index, heavy smoking and heavy drinking); at the community level, they adjusted community economic status.</p><p><sup>+</sup> p<0.10;</p><p><sup>*</sup> p<0.05;</p><p><sup>**</sup> p<0.01;</p><p><sup>***</sup> p<0.001.</p><p>SC referred to social capital.</p><p>Two-level ordinal logistic regression estimates (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals) and variance components with self-rated health (SRH) as outcome variables.</p
Silver-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylation of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids in Aqueous Solution
Direct
decarboxylative radical allylation of aliphatic carboxylic acids is
described. With K<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub> as the oxidant
and AgNO<sub>3</sub> as the catalyst, the reactions of aliphatic carboxylic
acids with allyl sulfones in aqueous CH<sub>3</sub>CN solution gave
the corresponding alkenes in satisfactory yields under mild conditions.
This site-specific allylation method is applicable to all primary,
secondary, and tertiary alkyl acids and exhibits wide functional group
compatibility
Synthesis of Alumina-Modified Cigarette Soot Carbon As an Adsorbent for Efficient Arsenate Removal
In
this study, the alumina (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) modified
cigarette soot carbon (CSC) (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CSC) were
fabricated via a simple one-step thermal method using CSC as template.
The as-synthesized Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CSC were used as adsorbents
for efficient arsenate (AsĀ(V)) elimination. Different weight ratios
of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CSC (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:CSC
= 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1) were fabricated, and the corresponding AsĀ(V)
removal performance revealed that the synthesized 2Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CSC (mass ratio) possessed the best separation property and
the highest adsorption capacity. A natural groundwater sample collected
from Togtoh county, Inner Mongolia (China), with an initial concentration
of 233 Ī¼g/L AsĀ(V) was applied to test the 2Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CSC application in actual groundwater purification. After
processing with 2Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CSC, the AsĀ(V) concentration
was reduced to 8.0 Ī¼g/L, which met the quality standard of World
Health Organization (WHO). A regeneration test indicated that the
2Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CSC could be reused for at least six
times without significant decrease in the adsorption capacity. The
as-synthesized 2Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/CSC with the maximum removal
capacity of 96.9 mg/g for AsĀ(V) would be a promising material for
the efficient removal of AsĀ(V) from groundwater with high AsĀ(V) concentrations
in actual applications
Single Cell Total RNA Sequencing through Isothermal Amplification in Picoliter-Droplet Emulsion
Prevalent
single cell RNA amplification and sequencing chemistries
mainly focus on polyadenylated RNAs in eukaryotic cells by using oligoĀ(dT)
primers for reverse transcription. We develop a new RNA amplification
method, āeasier-seqā, to reverse transcribe and amplify
the total RNAs, both with and without polyadenylate tails, from a
single cell for transcriptome sequencing with high efficiency, reproducibility,
and accuracy. By distributing the reverse transcribed cDNA molecules
into 1.5 Ć 10<sup>5</sup> aqueous droplets in oil, the cDNAs
are isothermally amplified using random primers in each of these 65-pL
reactors separately. This new method greatly improves the ease of
single-cell RNA sequencing by reducing the experimental steps. Meanwhile,
with less chance to induce errors, this method can easily maintain
the quality of single-cell sequencing. In addition, this polyadenylate-tail-independent
method can be seamlessly applied to prokaryotic cell RNA sequencing
Motor Oil Classification Based on Time-Resolved Fluorescence
<div><p>A time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) technique is presented for classifying motor oils. The system is constructed with a third harmonic Nd:YAG laser, a spectrometer, and an intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) camera. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) measurements are reported for several motor oils. It is found that steady-state fluorescence is insufficient to distinguish the motor oil samples. Then contour diagrams of TRF intensities (CDTRFIs) are acquired to serve as unique fingerprints to identify motor oils by using the distinct TRF of motor oils. CDTRFIs are preferable to steady-state fluorescence spectra for classifying different motor oils, making CDTRFIs a particularly choice for the development of fluorescence-based methods for the discrimination and characterization of motor oils. The two-dimensional fluorescence contour diagrams contain more information, not only the changing shapes of the LIF spectra but also the relative intensity. The results indicate that motor oils can be differentiated based on the new proposed method, which provides reliable methods for analyzing and classifying motor oils.</p></div
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