NCAGC: A Neighborhood Contrast Framework for Attributed Graph Clustering

Attributed graph clustering is one of the most fundamental tasks among graph learning field, the goal of which is to group nodes with similar representations into the same cluster without human annotations. Recent studies based on graph contrastive learning method have achieved remarkable results when exploit graph-structured data. However, most existing methods 1) do not directly address the clustering task, since the representation learning and clustering process are separated; 2) depend too much on data augmentation, which greatly limits the capability of contrastive learning; 3) ignore the contrastive message for clustering tasks, which adversely degenerate the clustering results. In this paper, we propose a Neighborhood Contrast Framework for Attributed Graph Clustering, namely NCAGC, seeking for conquering the aforementioned limitations. Specifically, by leveraging the Neighborhood Contrast Module, the representation of neighbor nodes will be 'push closer' and become clustering-oriented with the neighborhood contrast loss. Moreover, a Contrastive Self-Expression Module is built by minimizing the node representation before and after the self-expression layer to constraint the learning of self-expression matrix. All the modules of NCAGC are optimized in a unified framework, so the learned node representation contains clustering-oriented messages. Extensive experimental results on four attributed graph datasets demonstrate the promising performance of NCAGC compared with 16 state-of-the-art clustering methods. The code is available at https://github.com/wangtong627/NCAGC

The Prodomain-bound Form of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 10 Is Biologically Active on Endothelial Cells.

BMP10 is highly expressed in the developing heart and plays essential roles in cardiogenesis. BMP10 deletion in mice results in embryonic lethality because of impaired cardiac development. In adults, BMP10 expression is restricted to the right atrium, though ventricular hypertrophy is accompanied by increased BMP10 expression in a rat hypertension model. However, reports of BMP10 activity in the circulation are inconclusive. In particular, it is not known whether in vivo secreted BMP10 is active or whether additional factors are required to achieve its bioactivity. It has been shown that high-affinity binding of the BMP10 prodomain to the mature ligand inhibits BMP10 signaling activity in C2C12 cells, and it was proposed that prodomain-bound BMP10 (pBMP10) complex is latent. In this study, we demonstrated that the BMP10 prodomain did not inhibit BMP10 signaling activity in multiple endothelial cells, and that recombinant human pBMP10 complex, expressed in mammalian cells and purified under native conditions, was fully active. In addition, both BMP10 in human plasma and BMP10 secreted from the mouse right atrium were fully active. Finally, we confirmed that active BMP10 secreted from mouse right atrium was in the prodomain-bound form. Our data suggest that circulating BMP10 in adults is fully active and that the reported vascular quiescence function of BMP10 in vivo is due to the direct activity of pBMP10 and does not require an additional activation step. Moreover, being an active ligand, recombinant pBMP10 may have therapeutic potential as an endothelial-selective BMP ligand, in conditions characterized by loss of BMP9/10 signaling.This work was supported by British Heart Foundation Grants PG/12/54/29734 (to W. L., P. D. U., and N. W. M.) and CH/09/001/25945 (to N. W. M.). He Jiang was supported by the Cambridge Wellcome Trust 4-year Ph.D Programme in Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease.This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology via http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M115.68329

Clinical characteristics and correlation analysis of IVIG resistance in children with kawasaki disease complicated with hip synovitis: case-control study

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of Kawasaki disease (KD) complicated with hip synovitis.MethodsChildren with KD admitted from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020, in the KD database of Yuying Children's Hospital Affiliated with Wenzhou Medical University were retrospectively included. We selected KD children with hip synovitis as the case group and KD children without hip synovitis as the control group to analyze the possible risk factors of hip synovitis in KD children.ResultsAmong 2,871 KD children admitted to our center in recent years, 28 had hip synovitis. In this study 140 KD children were enrolled, including 28 KD children with hip synovitis and 112 children with general KD (within one month of admission). The onset age of KD patients with hip synovitis was 30.92 (23.23–49.99) months, and there were 17 cases of bilateral hip involvement. The course of synovitis (limited movement, joint pain, lameness, unwillingness to stand, etc.) ranged from 1 to 19 days, with an average of (8.8 ± 4.6) days. We treated all KD children with IVIG (Intravenous immunoglobulin) plus aspirin, among which five patients in the case group developed coronary artery damage, six acquired IVIG resistance, and synovial inflammation disappeared within two weeks. Age, weight, length of stay, and incidence of IVIG resistance significantly differed between the two groups (P = 0.001, 0.005, <0.001, and 0.035, respectively). Logistic regression analysis showed that KD combined with hip synovitis was an independent risk factor for developing propyl pellet resistance, with an OR value of 4.625 (95% CI: 1.095, 19.526).ConclusionKD combined with hip synovitis mainly involves bilateral hip joints, and joint pain and limited movement are the main clinical features. The symptoms are mild and self-limiting. KD combined with hip synovitis is a risk factor for IVIG resistance. Hip synovitis is a good predictor of IVIG resistance

Seepage system of oil-gas and its exploration in Yinggehai Basin located at northwest of South China Sea

Seepage systems of oil-gas in Yinggehai Basin are divided into two types, namely: “micro-seepage”, which is presented by gas chimneys and pockmarks; and “macro-seepage”, which is also called oil-gas outflow; and, in addition, the combination of the two basic types. Among the oil seepage systems, the combined seepage system at Yingdong Slope of Yinggehai Basin is the most eye-catching, and gas chimneys and pockmarks micro-leakage systems in mud diapir zones in the central part of the basin are very common. Both the indications of large-scale oil-gas outflow at Yingdong Slope, which have been booming for a hundred years; and the occurrence of pockmarks at the central mud diapir belt, along with the chaotic seismic reflection of widely-distributed shallow gas chimneys—have shown that hydrocarbon in this area is sufficient and oil-gas is now in dynamic equilibrium of the processes of accumulation, migration, gathering and dispersing. It builds up good conditions for the accumulation, migration, gathering and reserving of oil and gas. However, it must be noted that the results of oil-gas exploration at Yingdong Slope didn't turn out to be satisfactory, despite the presence of oil-gas outflow and gas chimney combined seepage systems. So, strengthen synthesized analysis and study on oil-gas seepage systems and on the conditions for accumulation, migration, gathering and dispersing; the forecasting and evaluation to the advantageous conditions for enriched oil and gas zones; and trap preservation in accordance with the dynamic balance theories; are of significant importance for purposes of exploration

A two-stage temporal proposal network for precise action localization in untrimmed video

In this paper, we propose a two-stage temporal proposal algorithm for the action detection task of long untrimmed videos. In the first stage, we propose a novel prior-minor watershed algorithm for action proposals with precise prior watershed proposal algorithm and minor supplementary sliding window algorithm. Here, we propose the correctness discriminator to fill the proposals that watershed proposal algorithm may omit with the sliding window proposals. In the second stage, an extended context pooling (ECP) is firstly proposed with two modules (internal and context). The context information module of ECP can structure the proposals and enhance the extended features of action proposals. Different level of ECP is introduced to model the action proposal region and make its extended context region more targeted and precise. Then, we propose a temporal context regression network, which adopts a multi-task loss to realize the training of the temporal coordinate regression and the action/background classification simultaneously, and outputs the precise temporal boundaries of the proposals. Here, we also propose prior-minor ranking to balance the effect of the prior watershed proposals and the minor supplementary proposals. On three large scale benchmarks THUMOS14, ActivityNet (v1.2 and v1.3), and Charades, our approach achieves superior performances compared with other state-of-the-art methods and runs over 1020 frames per second (fps) on a single NVIDIA Titan-X Pascal GPU, indicating that our method can efficiently improve the precision of action localization task

Titanium Dioxide: From Engineering to Applications

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials have garnered extensive scientific interest since 1972 and have been widely used in many areas, such as sustainable energy generation and the removal of environmental pollutants. Although TiO2 possesses the desired performance in utilizing ultraviolet light, its overall solar activity is still very limited because of a wide bandgap (3.0⁻3.2 eV) that cannot make use of visible light or light of longer wavelength. This phenomenon is a deficiency for TiO2 with respect to its potential application in visible light photocatalysis and photoelectrochemical devices, as well as photovoltaics and sensors. The high overpotential, sluggish migration, and rapid recombination of photogenerated electron/hole pairs are crucial factors that restrict further application of TiO2. Recently, a broad range of research efforts has been devoted to enhancing the optical and electrical properties of TiO2, resulting in improved photocatalytic activity. This review mainly outlines state-of-the-art modification strategies in optimizing the photocatalytic performance of TiO2, including the introduction of intrinsic defects and foreign species into the TiO2 lattice, morphology and crystal facet control, and the development of unique mesocrystal structures. The band structures, electronic properties, and chemical features of the modified TiO2 nanomaterials are clarified in detail along with details regarding their photocatalytic performance and various applications