Literatur Review: Potensi Pengolahan dan Manfaat Kesehatan Jamblang (Syzygium cumini L.)

Jamblang (Syzygium cumini L.) telah banyak dieksplorasi dalam dunia pangan dan farmasi di berbagai negara, karena karakteristik buah dan banyaknya manfaat kesehatan yang dimilikinya. Di Aceh, pemanfaatan tanaman jamblang masih sangat terbatas dan sebagian besar hanya dikonsumsi dalam bentuk segar, pemanfaatan lain dari tumbuhan ini belum banyak diketahui masyarakat akibat terbatasnya penelitian terkait tumbuhan ini di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil studi literasi yang dilakukan dalam kajian ini, di berbagai negara, jamblang telah banyak dimanfaatkan dalam pengolahan pangan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan nilai ekonomis, memperpanjang masa simpan, dan meningkatkan diversifikasi pangan, seperti produk jus, sirup, squash, selai, dan bubuk instan yang dimanfaatkan sebagai pewarna alami. Selain itu, telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai manfaat jamblang dalam penanganan berbagai macam penyakit, antara lain antibakteri, antikanker, antidiabetes, dan antihipertensi. Mekanisme tanaman jamblang dalam pengobatan yang telah dilaporkan, yaitu komponen bioaktif  dalam jamblang mengaktivasi  enzim-enzim katalase, glutathione peroksidase, glutathione-s-transferase dan SOD untuk menetralisir produksi radikal bebas yang  berlebih. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu acuan yang dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan penelitian dan pemanfaatan jamblang di Aceh khususnya dan di Indonesia pada masa mendatang

Effect of Germination on Antioxidant Activity of Peanut Sprouts (Arachis Hypogaea)

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are plant-based foods that are abundantly available in Indonesia which also have high economic value and are an essential source of protein for many people. In Aceh, peanuts are one of the leading commodities, especially in the districts of Pidie, West Aceh, Aceh Jaya, Nagan Raya, Southwest Aceh and South Aceh. Apart from being rich in protein, it also contains fibre, antioxidants, and other good health components. During germination, proteins, starches, and lipids are metabolised by enzymes. These components are used as building blocks for growth and as a source of energy for respiration. Germination has the advantage of increasing several levels of nutrients, eliminating oligosaccharides that cause flatulence, and increasing several types of vitamins. Previous research reported that soybean germination significantly increased isoflavone levels and antioxidant activity of fresh tempeh flour produced. In this study, the antioxidant activity of peanut sprouts was identified using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazine-hydrate) radical scavenging method in three different germination times. The result shows that the most optimal percentage of antioxidant activity is the 48-hour treatment (88.24%). It also shows that the germination treatment can increase the per cent of antioxidant activity compared to peanuts without germination.

Phytochemical Screening and Blood Glucose Level Effects of Bhee Fruit Extract (Melastoma sp) on Diabetic Mice

Diabetes is a non-communicable disease among the highest causes of death worldwide, including in Indonesia. Factors that cause diabetes include pancreatic β-cell damage, genetic factors, and an unhealthy lifestyle. Diabetes is characterized by high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) beyond normal limits. Hyperglycaemia can be treated using synthetic chemical drugs or insulin therapy, which has adverse long-term effects. The community believes herbal medicine is an alternative diabetes treatment. Melastoma sp is a plant that has the potential as an antidiabetic agent. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of ethanol extract of Bhee fruit (Melastoma sp) on blood glucose levels of diabetic mice. This study is a laboratory experiment using laboratory animals. The mice were divided into seven treatment groups with three replicates: KN (normal control), KP (treatment control), KD (diabetes control), KO (drug control), P1 (treatment dose of 100 mg/kgBB extract), P2 (treatment dose of 200 mg/kgBB extract), and P3 (treatment dose of 400 mg/kgBB extract). The study's results, the administration of doses of ethanol extract of the fruit 100, 200, and 300 mg /kgBB for 14 days reduced glucose levels in diabetic mice. However, they could not exceed the ability metformin at a dose of 500 mg/kgBB

Scurrula ferruginea (Jack) Danser: Therapeutic Applications and Future Opportunities

Scurrula ferruginea (Jack) Danser from Loranthaceae is one such mistletoe that grow in tropical countries and has been used as therapeutic agent for curing of diseases, such as anticancer, antihypertensive, antiviral, antimicrobial, antiasthma, anti-hyperglycemic, and analgesic. Regardless of S. ferruginea various kinds of health benefits, their available data and literature review are still limited, especially in Indonesia. The scientific studies existence in this review can promote the potency development of S.ferruginea. We suggest critical future opportunities and research directions of S.ferruginea that could improve understanding toward evidence-based medicinal herbs

The effect of the addition of Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) on the formulation of batters on Coating Pick up and Frying Loss fried battered Tempeh

One of the fried food processed products that are often found in roadside fried sellers is tempeh. This study aims to study the effect of CMC addition on the results of coating pick-up dan frying loss of fried battered tempeh. Hydrocolloids used were carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) and pectin with concentrations of addition to the batter as much as 0.3%, 0.5%, 1% of the overall weight of the mixture. Temperature and tempeh frying time is at a temperature of 180oC and for 6 minutes. The results showed fried battered tempeh with the addition of CMC to its batters has good quality measured from the percentage of coating pick-up samples

Factors Associated to The Use of Iodized Salt by Housewives in Kecamatan Mila Kabupaten Pidie in 2020

To improve the nutritional quality of individuals and communities through improving consumption patterns, it could be obtained by the achievement of household nutrition indicators in Kecamatan Mila Kabupaten Pidie. The intensity of households consuming iodized salt has decreased by year in 2017 (51%), 2018 (44%), and 2019 (31%). This condition resulted in 10 person having disorders due to iodine deficiency, 9 of them suffering goiter and 1 person suffering thyroid disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the use of iodized salt by housewives in Kecamatan Mila, Kabupaten Pidie in 2020. This study used a cross-sectional analysis method. The result showed that based on univariate analysis family knowledge and support were the most related variables with the use of iodized salt, while the health education variable (1.00) has no significant relationship with the use of iodized salt (p-value = 0.00)

Comparison of Physical and Chemical Changes of Dried Berries Fruits Powders from Spray and Freeze Drying

The different drying methods for preserving fruits may affect fruits' physical and chemical properties, especially dried berries. The expected drying techniques include Spray Drying (SD) and Freeze Drying (FD). The physical characteristics, such as color, taste/odor, and thermal properties, have changed during the process. The higher temperatures in spray drying may affect the phytochemical compounds that will change the final nutritional value. The juice taste and color of berries powders that FD produces are better than SD. However, the morphology of powder that resulted from SD is better. Also, the losses of phenolic compound and anthocyanin content of dried berries produced from SD are much lower than FD. Therefore, the choices of higher quality dried berries can be produced by FD that are suitable to preserve the phytochemical compounds that have health benefits.  

Effect of the Concentration of Added Sugar on Organoleptic Properties of Mangrove Syrup from Sonneratia alba fruit

Mangroves are ecosystems in coastal areas that economically have excellent benefits derived from wood, seeds, and fruit. The most frequently used mangrove fruit as a food source is Sonneratia alba fruit, and Sonneratia alba fruit can be used to produce mangrove syrup. This study aimed to determine the effect of sugar on the organoleptic properties of Mangrove syrup from Sonneratia alba fruit. The organoleptic test method used a hedonic test (preference test) using a rating scale of 1 (dislike very much), 2 (dislikes), 3 (neutral), 4 (likes), and 5 (preferences very much). The treatment P3 (Sonneratia alba 60%: Sugar 40%) was the most highly rated in the quality of taste, color, and aroma, while the most ordered texture quality by the panelists was treatment P2 (Sonneratia alba 40%: sugar 60%)

Relationship between Energy Intake and Obesity Prevalence among Adolescent Girls in Aceh Barat

The prevalence of adolescent obesity has been shown to differ among regions, and it could be influenced by several factors including diet, environmental exposures, and lifestyle. Diet is one of crucial factors that contribute to obesity among adolescents, particularly energy intake. This study was conducted to measure the relationship between energy intake and obesity prevalence among adolescent girls in Aceh Barat Regency. This study is a descriptive analytical research with the design of cross-sectional study. The population in this study were adolescent girls in Aceh Barat Regency with the samples of 50 people. The data were obtained from a one day 24-hour recall and analyzed using Chi-Square test with a significance value (p= 0.05). The result showed that based on bivariate analysis there is a relationship between energy intake and body mass index. The analysis indicated that adolescent girls with excessive energy intake had a 6.67-fold higher risk of obesity than those with the adequate energy intake (OR: 6.67, 95% CI: 1.25-35.65)