The Energetics of Halogenated Ethylenes (Ethynes) and 1,3-Butadienes (Butadiynes): A Computational and Conceptual Study of Substituent Effects and “Dimerization”

The energetics of ethylenes and 1,3-butadienes may be interrelated by the reaction: RHC=CH2 + H2C=CHR\u27 → RHC=CH−CH=CHR\u27 + H2. Shown earlier to be nearly enthalpically thermoneutral for a variety of hydrocarbon cases, we are now interested in the related energetics of halogenated alkenes and alkynes. Using quantum chemical calculations, we have studied this as recast as the isodesmic reactions: 2(H2C=CHX) + H2C=CH−CH=CH2 → p,q-di-X-1,3-butadiene + 2H2C=CH2 2(HC≡CX) + HC≡C−C≡CH → di-X-butadiyne + 2HC≡CH. Here p,q- = 1,3-; 1,4- and 2,3- with X = F, Cl, Br, and I. The halogen and location-dependent deviations from near enthalpic thermoneutrality are discussed

Dimeric nanocapsule induces conformational change

An induced cis–trans–trans (rctt) chair to cone structural rearrangement is forced by the addition of a pentacoordinate zinc(II) complex, overcoming thermodynamic and kinetic factors to produce the first phenyl-substituted zinc dimeric nanocapsule

Lokální struktura kationtových pozic v dehydratovaných zeolitech odvozená z 27Al MAS NMR a DFT výpočů. Studie na Li-, Na-, K-chabazitu

High-resolution Al-27 magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy of dehydrated M-forms (M = Li, Na, and K) of chabazite in tandem with density functional theory calculations are employed to study the quadrupolar interaction of Al-27 nuclei in dehydrated zeolites and to understand the corresponding high-resolution Al-27 MAS NMR spectra. We show that the broadening of the Al-27 NMR signal in dehydrated zeolites occurs predominantly because of the deformation of the local structure of AlO4- tetrahedra caused by the binding of M+ to the zeolite framework. This deformation increases with the decreasing diameter of the cations from K+ to Li+. The influence of water in hydrated zeolites is limited only to prevent a strong coordination of the M+ cation to O atoms of the AlO4- tetrahedron, but there is no "averaging" effect concerning the local electrostatic field due to molecular motion of water molecules. Our results show that the Al-27 NMR parameters in dehydrated zeolites can be calculated accurately enough to allow the description of the local structure of AlO4- tetrahedra in dehydrated zeolites and to infer the local structure of the sites accommodating the extraframework M+ cations.27Al MAS NMR spektroskopie vysokého rozlišení dehydratovaných kationtových (Li+, Na+, K+) forem chabazitu doprovázená DFT výpočty je použita ke studiu kvadrupolární interakce jader 27Al a k porozumění odpovídajících vysoce rozlišených 27Al MAS NMR spekter. Předvádíme zde, že příčinou rozšíření 27Al MAS NMR spekter v dehydratovaných zeolitech je zejména deformace lokální struktury čtyřstěnu AlO4- způsobená navázáním kationtu na strukturu zeolitu. Tato deformace se zvětšuje se zmenšujícím se poloměrem kationtu. Molekuly vody v hydratovaných zeolitech zabraňují navázání kationtu a deformaci čtyřstěnu AlO4-. Naše výsledky ukazují, že 27Al MAS NMR parametry dehydratovaných zeolitů mohou být vypočteny s dostatečnou přesností umožnující popis lokální struktury čtyřstěnu AlO4- a odvození lokální struktury pozic mimo-mřížkových kationtů

The Energetics of Halogenated Ethylenes (Ethynes) and 1,3-Butadienes (Butadiynes): A Computational and Conceptual Study of Substituent Effects and “Dimerization”

The energetics of ethylenes and 1,3-butadienes may be interrelated by the reaction: RHC=CH2 + H2C=CHR\u27 → RHC=CH−CH=CHR\u27 + H2. Shown earlier to be nearly enthalpically thermoneutral for a variety of hydrocarbon cases, we are now interested in the related energetics of halogenated alkenes and alkynes. Using quantum chemical calculations, we have studied this as recast as the isodesmic reactions: 2(H2C=CHX) + H2C=CH−CH=CH2 → p,q-di-X-1,3-butadiene + 2H2C=CH2 2(HC≡CX) + HC≡C−C≡CH → di-X-butadiyne + 2HC≡CH. Here p,q- = 1,3-; 1,4- and 2,3- with X = F, Cl, Br, and I. The halogen and location-dependent deviations from near enthalpic thermoneutrality are discussed