Investigation of photophysical behaviours and antimicrobial activity of novel benzo-15-crown-5 substituted coumarin and chromone derivatives

Two different series of crown ether compounds (4-11) were synthesized by the reactions of 4',5'-bis(bromomethyl)benzo-15-crown-5 (3) and 4'-amino-benzo-15-crown-5 with hydroxycoumarin and chromone derivatives. Coumarin-crown ether compounds (4 and 5) were synthesized by the reactions of 4',5'-bis(bromomethyl)benzo-15-crown-5 (3) with 4-hydroxycoumarin and 7-hydroxycoumarin. Chromone-crown ether compounds (6-11), were synthesized by the condensation reactions of 4'-aminobenzo-15-crown-5 with 3-formylchromone and 6-methyl-3-formylchromone in different solvent media. Sodium and potassium complexes (4a-11a, 4b-11b) of new coumarin and chromone substituted benzo-15-crown-5 (B15C5) ligands (4-11) were prepared with NaSCN and KSCN, respectively. The syntheses of the novel crown ether compounds (4-11) and complexes (4a-11a, 4b-11b) were elucidated by the elemental analysis, FTIR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR and MS spectral data. The metal selectivities and effects of metal cations (Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, Ag+, Al3+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Fe3+, Cr3+) to the new crown ether compounds (4-11) were investigated by the absorption and fluorescence spectra. In addition, all of these substances were examined for antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains Listeria monocytogenes 4b, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi H, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus, Shigella dysenteria type 2, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumonia sp., Serratia marcescens sp. and antifungal activity against Candida albicans. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Synthesis, antimicrobial and thermal studies of nitropyridine-substituted double armed benzo-15-crown-5 ligands; alkali (Na+ and K+) and transition metal (Ag+) complexes; reduction of nitro compounds

Nitropyridine substituted double-armed benzo 15-crown-5 compounds (1–4) were synthesized by the reactions of 4′,5′-bis(bromomethyl)benzo-15-crown-5 with hydroxypyridine derivatives. Na+ and K+ complexes (1a–4a, 1b–4b) of crown ether compounds (1–4) were prepared with sodium picrate and potassium picrate, respectively. Transition metal complexes (1c–4c) of the synthesized ligands (1–4) were prepared from Ag+ cation. In addition, nitro compounds (1, 2 and 4) were reduced by using Pd/C and hydrazine hydrate and new amine compounds (5, 6 and 8) were obtained. The structures of new double-armed crown ether compounds (2–4), their metal complexes (1a–4a, 1b–4b, 2c–4c) and amine compounds (5, 6 and 8) were elucidated by FTIR, HRMS, 1H–NMR, 13C–NMR spectroscopic methods. The thermal behaviors of these nitro group containing ligands (1–4) were compared with the resulting silver complexes (1c–4c) and amine compounds (5, 6 and 8). All synthesized compounds were examined for antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhi H, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, Serratia marcescens, Shigella dysenteria and antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V

New Antimicrobial Polymeric Microspheres Containing Azomethine

Herein, new polymeric microspheres containing azomethine (PS-OPA, PS-OPA-Pt, PS-OPA-Ni, PS-OPA-Mn and PS- OPA-Cu) were synthesized and investigated by elemental analysis, FT-IR, SEM-EDX, TGA-DTA, UV-Vis, GPC and magnetic susceptibility. Antibacterial and antifungal activities of the synthesized polymeric microspheres were evaluated against pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC12228, Bacillus cereus RSKK863, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeroginosa sp., Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC27853, Salmonella type H NCTC9018394, Proteus vulgaris RSKK96026, Escherichia coli ATCC1280) and yeast (Candida albicans Y-1200-NIH) by the well-diffusion method for potential biomedical applications. It was determined that polymeric microspheres exhibited higher inhibition effect against B. cereus, E. aerogenes, P. aeruginosa, P. vulgaris and showed higher antifungal activity than standard nystatin. [GRAPHICS

Isolation and identification of bacillus pumilus yhh-2, a potential pathogen to the alfalfa weevil (Hypera postica gyllenhal)

Alfalfa weevil (Hypera postica Gyllenhal, 1813) samples were collected from different locations in Kırşehir, Turkey, during May–August in 2014. They were immediately transferred to the research laboratory and dissected under aseptic conditions. Then serial dilutions were prepared from digestive tract samples and the spread plate technique was used for obtaining pure cultures. The conventional and molecular methods that include morphological and physiological examinations, biochemical tests, 16S rDNA sequencing, and the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) were used for identification of the bacterial isolates. According to the findings of the present study, the YHH-2 isolate was found as the main pathogenic bacterium that dominates the digestive tract microflora of the alfalfa weevil. 16S rDNA sequencing and the BLAST data revealed that YHH-2 showed 100% similarity to Bacillus pumilus, recently described as an entomopathogenic strain. In conclusion, the results of the present study are important due to showing for the first time the presence of Bacillus pumilus YHH-2 in the digestive tract of the alfalfa weevil and it may be used as a potential biocontrol agent against the harmful effects of this insect species. © TÜBİTAK

A polydentate ligand based on 2,2’-dipyridylamine unit linked benzo-15-crown-5; alkali and transition metal complexes; photoresponsive ligand; antimicrobial evaluation against pathogenic microorganisms

New double-armed benzo-15-crown-5 compound (L) was successfully synthesized from 4’,5’-bis(bromethyl)benzo-15- crown-5 with 2,2’-dipyridylamine. The synthesized host molecule (L), the dipyridylamine unit was able to coordinate Ni2+, Cu2+ and Ag+ metal cations, whereas the crown ether moiety bound with the alkali metal cations (Na+ and K+). The structures of the ligand (L), alkali metal complexes (NaL and KL2) and transition metal complexes ([NiLOAc], [CuLOAc] and [AgLNO3]) were characterized by spectroscopic methods. NMR and mass data provided exact evidence of complex formation through both coordination centers of the new ligand (L). Both parts (dipyridyl and crown ether) were linked to form a potential fuorescent-sensing compound (L) for metal cations. Therefore, to investigate the metal selectivity, diferent metal cations (Na+, Mg2+, K+, Ba2+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Ag+) and the new sensing compound (L) fuorescence spectra were recorded. Coordinations with Zn2+, Fe3+ and Cu2+ induced obvious changes on their increasing concentrations in fuorescence spectra. Crown ethers, as representatives of supramolecular compounds, are also promising antibacterial active compounds because of their ionophoric features. Synthesized ligand (L) and complexes (NaL, KL2, [NiLOAc], [CuLOAc] and [AgLNO3]) also proved to be adjuvants that helped to overcome antimicrobial resistance in a range of bacteria and yeast. The antimicrobial activity of compounds was screened in vitro against some pathogenic Grampositive bacteria, some Gram-negative bacteria and yeast

Yabani nohut bitkilerinden izole edilen rhizobium suşlarının tuzlu koşullarda nohudun (Cicer arietinum L.) gelişimi ve simbiyotik performansı üzerindeki etkisi

Bu çalışmada, çok yıllık yabani nohut (Cicer anatolicum) bitkilerinden izole edilen Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. ciceri suşlarının simbiyotik etkinlikleri tuzlu şartlarda standart bakteri kültürü, azot uygulaması ve aşısız kontrolle kıyaslamalı olarak test edilmiştir. Bu amaçla, yabani nohut bitkilerinden dört suş (DN1, DN7, TN3 ve TN4) elde edilmiştir. Suşlarla aşılanmış nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) tohumları kontrollü bitki büyütme kabininde steril kum içeren saksılara ekilmiş ve farklı tuz seviyelerinde (0, 50 ve 100 mM NaCl) yetiştirilmişlerdir. Kök ve sürgün kuru ağırlığı, kök/sürgün oranı, nodül sayısı ve kuru ağırlığı, bitki klorofil ve azot içeriği, toplam ve fikse edilen azot miktarı tuzluluk seviyesindeki artışa bağlı olarak azalmıştır. Yabani nohut bitkilerinden izole edilen Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. ciceri suşları ile yapılan aşılamalar, hem tuzsuz hem de tuzlu şartlarda (50 ve 100 mM NaCl), incelenen bütün parametreleri aşısız kontrole oranla önemli seviyede artırmıştır. Ancak, bakteri suşları tuza tolerans bakımından farklılık göstermişlerdir. Tuzlu şartlarda, özellikle 50 mM NaCl uygulamasında, DN7, TN4 ve standart bakteri kültürü ile aşılanan bitkiler, DN1 ve TN3 ile aşılanan bitkilere nazaran daha yüksek sürgün kuru ağırlığı, nodül kuru ağırlığı, toplam ve fikse edilen azot miktarına sahip olmuşlardır. Bu sonuçlar, özellikle DN7 ve TN4 olmak üzere, yabani nohut bitkilerinden izole edilen Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. ciceri suşları ile yapılan aşılamaların nohudun tuzlu şartlardaki gelişim ve dayanıklılığını artırabileceğini göstermiştir.This study was conducted in order to evaluate the symbiotic effectiveness of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. ciceri strains isolated from perennial wild chickpeas (Cicer anatolicum) in comparison to standard bacterial culture, N application, and uninoculated control under NaCl salinity stress conditions. For this purpose, 4 strains (DN1, DN7, TN3, and TN4) were obtained from wild chickpeas. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds were inoculated with these strains and grown in pots containing sterile sand under different levels of NaCl (0, 50, and 100 mM) in a controlled plant growth cabinet. Dry weights of root and shoot, root-to-shoot ratio (RSR), number and dry weights of nodules, chlorophyll and N content of the plant, and amounts of total and fixed N decreased progressively with increasing salinity levels. In both non-saline and saline (50 and 100 mM NaCl) conditions, inoculations with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. ciceri strains isolated from wild chickpeas significantly increased all the above parameters compared with the uninoculated control treatment, equal to or higher than standard culture and N application. However, chickpea rhizobia exhibited diversity in their salt tolerance. The plants inoculated with DN7, TN4, and standard culture produced more shoot mass, nodule dry weight, total N, and fixed N under saline conditions, especially at 50 mM NaCl, than the plants inoculated with DN1 and TN3. These results indicated that the ability of chickpea to grow and survive in saline conditions improved when it was inoculated with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. ciceri strains isolated from wild chickpeas, especially DN7 and TN4

Spectroscopic characterization of novel d-amino acid-Schiff bases and their Cr(III) and Ni(II) complexes as antimicrobial agents

The aim of this work was to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal activities of novel d-amino acid-Schiff bases including fluorine atom and their Cr(III) and Ni(II) complexes. All these substances have been examined for antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains Listeria monocytogenes 4b ATCC19115, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Escherichia coli ATCC1280, Salmonella typhi H NCTC 901.8394, Brucella abortus (A.99, UK-1995) RSKK03026, Staphylococcus epidermis sp., Micrococus luteus ATCC9341, and Shigella dysenteria typ 10 NCTC 9351, and antifungal activity against Candida albicans Y-1200-NIH, Tokyo. The antimicrobial test results of these amino acid-Schiff base complexes exhibited better activity than some known antibiotics. In particular, diamagnetic Ni(II) complexes were more potent bactericides than all of the substances synthesized.Gazi University Research FundGazi University [05/2010-03, 05/2007-02]This work was supported by the Gazi University Research Fund (Project number: 05/2010-03 and 05/2007-02).WOS:0003137117000072-s2.0-8487399428

Isolation and Characterization of Hydrocarbon and Petroleum Degrading Bacteria from Polluted Soil with Petroleum and Derivatives by MALDI-TOF MS Method

Petroleum hydrocarbons are one of the most well-known environmental pollutants not only for plants, and animals but also for humans because of their carcinogenic mutagenic, toxic, and teratogenic effects. Hence, various remediation technologies have been used to overcome these environmental pollutants. Among them, bioremediation is novel promising sustainable approach for treating petroleum and petroleum derivative raw material deleterious components with their effective, low-cost eco-friendly features. In this perspective, the evaluation of soil samples was collected from areas containing petroleum and petroleum derivatives from Kazanli and Karaduvar refinery regions in Mersin-Turkey. Hence, potential hydrocarbon and petroleum degrading bacteria were identified and characterized by the MALDI-TOF MS method as well as biochemical, physiological, and morphological tests. According to the MALDI-TOF MS analysis; members of Bacillus, Stenotrophomonas, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, Cupriavidus, Acinetobacter, and Escherichia were successfully identified as hydrocarbon and petroleum degrading bacteria

Assessment of Indoor Air Quality in Schools from Anatolia, Turkey

Air pollution damages children's health in many different ways, through both chronic and acute effects. The aims of our research are to reveal the indoor air quality levels in schools. Subject and indoor air measurements were performed in 34 primary schools located in the Central Anatolia region. PM10, PM2.5, CO2, CO, CH2O, relative humidity, temperature, and total bacteria and fungus levels were measured. In the urban region, mean PM1 was higher than the other regions(p=0.029). PM10and PM2.5were higher in schools in rural areas. According to CO2measurements, only one school was identified to be below the upper limit recommended by the WHO. Total microorganism concentration was exceeded in 44.1% of classrooms. Indoor PM1, PM2.5, PM10, CO2, total bacteria and fungus levels were high and above recommended limits. Human activities, movements of students could be considered the most important indoor factors for particle matter increase. Indoor parameters could be lowered by organizing the school environment. © 2022 The authors

Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of New Chiral Aminoalcohol and Benzimidazole Hybrids

New chiral aminoalcohol-benzimidazole hybrids have been synthesized from commercially available aminoalcohols. [S(+)-Phenylglycinol, S(−)- Phenylalaninol and S(+)- Leuicinol] and 2-(chloromethyl)-N-tosyl-1-H-benzimidazole. The synthesized compound were characterized by IR, NMR, and LC-MS analysis. The antibacterial properties of aminoalcohol-benzimidazole hybrid molecules 4 a, 4 b, and 4 c were investigated against both gram (+ve) and gram (-ve) bacterial pathogens by the well-diffusion method using several standarts. The cell-based biological experiment was consistent with in silico studies. Furthermore, in silico studies revealed that all synthesized compounds could be suggested as potential drugs for inhibition of both peptide deformylase for bacteria and sterol 14α-demethylase for yeast. © 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinhei