Expreriment of Seismic Failure of a Long Embankment

Seismic damage to long structures such as river dikes, fill-type dams, and road embankments has been sometimes found to take place at locally limited spot. Local failures of a long embankment during an earthquake are mainly due to heterogeneous ground condition. However there are some cases that local failures were took place even though the ground condition was homogeneous. One of the factors causing local failures under such conditions may be the three dimensional response of the embankment. In this paper, the typical failure of the Kushiro River dike is reported. This paper aims to clarify the influence of three-dimensional response to local failure in embankments. A series of shaking table tests was carried out. The results reveal that local failure can be caused by periodical three dimensional effects during shaking

Impact of neoadjuvant intensity-modulated radiation therapy on borderline resectable pancreatic cancer with arterial abutment; a prospective, open-label, phase II study in a single institution

BACKGROUND: Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) is a category of pancreatic cancer that is anatomically widely spread, and curative resection is uncommon with upfront surgery. Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is a form of radiation therapy that delivers precise radiation to a tumor while minimizing the dose to surrounding normal tissues. Here, we conducted a phase 2 study to estimate the curability and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy using IMRT (NACIMRT) for patients with BRPC with arterial abutment (BRPC-A). METHODS: A total of 49 BRPC-A patients were enrolled in this study and were treated at our hospital according to the study protocol between June 2013 and March 2021. The primary endpoint was microscopically margin-negative resection (R0) rates and we subsequently analyzed safety, histological effect of the treatment as well as survivals among patients with NACIMRT. RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients (59.2%) received pancreatectomy after NACIMRT. The R0 rate in resection patients was 93.1% and that in the whole cohort was 55.1%. No mortality was encountered. Local therapeutic effects as assessed by Evans classification showed good therapeutic effect (Grade 1, 3.4%; Grade 2a, 31.0%; Grade 2b, 48.3%; Grade 3, 3.4%; Grade 4, 3.4%). Median disease-free survival was 15.5 months. Median overall survival in the whole cohort was 35.1 months. The only independent prognostic pre-NACIMRT factor identified was serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) > 400 U/ml before NACIMRT. CONCLUSIONS: NACIMRT showed preferable outcome without significant operative morbidity for BRPC-A patients. NACIMRT contributes to good local tumor control, but a high initial serum CA19-9 implies poor prognosis even after neoadjuvant treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN-CTR Clinical Trial: https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000011776 Registration number: UMIN000010113. Date of first registration: 01/03/2013

Development of the Seismic Evaluation Method of Embankments considering the Seismic Response Characteristics and the Heterogeneity of Ground Strength

広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(工学)Engineeringdoctora

Evaluation of Site Amplification Factor at Permanent Observation Stations for Ground Motion around Serious Damage Site due to the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake

The 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku, Japan, earthquake caused serious damage to engineering structures, not only due to tsunamis but also due to strong ground motions. The serious damage of bridge, slope and embankment due to the 2011 main shock is reported. In this study, we computed site amplification factors at seismic observation stations around the damage sites based on the moderate earthquake observation records. The calculated site amplification factors will contribute to the strong motion estimation of the damaged sites and clarification of damage mechanisms in the future study

Evaluation of Soil Property and Seismic Performance of Embankments Considering Rainfall Effect(<Theme>Earthquake Response Analysis and Seismic Performance Evaluation)

Rainfall reduces the seismic resistance of an embankment if the drainage system of the embankment is inadequate; however, it is not considered in practical seismic design. In this study, a method to consider the effect of rain-fall on the seismic performance of embankments was introduced with the shaking table test results and a case history. A FEM code 'FLIP' with a model of ground strength reduction due to rainfall is described