Human security, social stigma, and global health: the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a global public health threat with many medical, ethical, economic, and socialimpacts. COVID-19 has spread worldwide, to many Asian and Middle Eastern countries, the United Statesof America, and European countries. The current COVID-19 pandemic that has devastated Indonesia, has infected and killed more healthcare workers, in particular doctors and nurses, than any other outbreak in the history of this virus. People have basic needs that must be met for them to feel safe and secure. A history of the outbreak of the COVID-19 is brifley showed, before exploring the impact the virus had in Indonesia. During this exploration, some of the key issues arising from the experiences in Indonesia, in addressing the threat of COVID-19 will be reviewed. Drawing on the COVID-19 as the case study, we consider the ways in which the concept of human security expands understanding of its relationship to health. Further, weshow how major public health issues can evolve into security threats.The final section of the article will be an analysis of the lessons learned from COVID-19 and policy implications in addressing health and human security threats

Health and Family Support Issues of Women Refugees and Related Nursing Interventions: Literature Review

Aim: Migration has become one of global human security issues of the 21st century. Women refugees face a unique set of problems and their health is often compromised. The aim of this study was to describe health and family support issues encountered by women refugees in refugee setting and related nursing interventions. Methods: A literature review was performed using Academic Search Premier, CINAHL and Medline databases, and the following keywords were used separately and in combination to retrieve related abstracts and articles: `women refugees`, `health`, `nursing`. Only original articles from qualitative studies published in English and focusing on women\u27s health and family support in the refugee setting were selected for the review. Results: Three major themes related to women refugees\u27 health issues were identified: `Culture sensitivity`, `Seeking life balance` and `Gender-based violence`. In addition, nine major themes related to family support were found: `Family reunion (difficulty to emigrate)`, `Changes in family\u27s connections and roles`, `Unsatisfactory family life`, `Discrimination and contempt by community`, `Health problems in children`, `Mental health problems in family member`, `Adjustment and adaptation of life pattern in a new country`, `Family time and togetherness` and `Concern about forgetting one\u27s homeland`. On the other hand, we identified 11 major themes related to nursing interventions implemented for women refugees. Conclusion: Disaster nurses have important role to protect and promote human security among women refugees. Future studies should determine how disaster nurses can efficiently promote human security for women in refugee setting